• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1168-1188
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• 2018

Social Network Aggregators are used to maintain and manage manifold accounts over multiple online social networks. Displaying the Activity feed for each social network on a common dashboard has been the status quo of social aggregators for long, however retrieving the desired data from various social networks is a major concern. A user inputs the query desiring the specific outcome from the social networks. Since the intention of the query is solely known by user, therefore the output of the query may not be as per user's expectation unless the system considers 'user-centric' factors. Moreover, the quality of solution depends on these user-centric factors, the user inclination and the nature of the network as well. Thus, there is a need for a system that understands the user's intent serving structured objects. Further, choosing the best execution and optimal ranking functions is also a high priority concern. The current work finds motivation from the above requirements and thus proposes the design of a query processing system to retrieve information from social network that extracts user's intent from various social networks. For further improvements in the research the machine learning techniques are incorporated such as Latent Dirichlet Algorithm (LDA) and Ranking Algorithm to improve the query results and fetch the information using data mining techniques.The proposed framework uniquely contributes a user-centric query retrieval model based on natural language and it is worth mentioning that the proposed framework is efficient when compared on temporal metrics. The proposed Query Processing System to Retrieve Information from Social Network (QPSSN) will increase the discoverability of the user, helps the businesses to collaboratively execute promotions, determine new networks and people. It is an innovative approach to investigate the new aspects of social network. The proposed model offers a significant breakthrough scoring up to precision and recall respectively.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2006

Building tunnels means dealing with what rock is encountered. Relocation of the site of the underground structure is rarely possible. Tunneling engineers and miners have to cope with the quality of the rock mass as it is. Different tunneling philosophies and different rock classification methods have been developed in various countries. Most of the rock classification methods are based on the response of the rock mass to the excavation. Tunnel support requirements could be assessed analytically, supplemented by rock mass classification predictions, and verified by measurements during construction. Rock mass classifications on their own should only be used for preliminary, planning purposes and not for final tunnel support. Design of blast pattern in tunneling projects in Korea is also mostly prepared according to the general rock classification methods such as RMR or Q. They, however, do not take into account the blast performance, and as a consequence, produce poor blasting results. In this paper, the methods of general rock classification and blast design for tunnel excavation in Korea are reviewed, and efforts to develop a new classification method, reflecting the blasting performance, are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.6 s.78
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• pp.116-121
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• 2006

In metal cutting processes, cutting conditions have an influence on reducing the production cost and deciding the quality of a final product. Process planners usually make modification to recommended cutting parameters obtained from machining data handbooks in order to satisfy requirements for individual operation. The modified cutting parameters also need to be examined for the safe machining. In this paper, a new operation planning system that allows the generation and check of modified cutting parameters is proposed for the milling process. A neural network methodology is introduced to identify mathematical models for generation of the modified cutting parameters, and several simplified rules and equations are presented for the check of the cutting parameters. Finally, the results are demonstrated with an example part.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.978-983
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• 2006

Forages from grazing lands comprise conventional feed resources for ruminants in the tropical region. A study was conducted to assess fodder productivity and nutritive potential of deferred forages of six silvopastoral traditional fodder banks in central northwest Tanzania, traditionally known as Ngitiri. The grazing lands were dominated by low quality increaser grass species: Eragrostis spp., Aristida spp., Urochloa spp., Rottboellia exaltata, Cenchrus spp., Cynodon spp. and Chloris spp., and forbs species. The grazing lands had low vegetative basal cover that varied (p<0.05) from 34.7 to 75%, and low forage biomass productivity that varied (p<0.05) from 0.76 to 3.69 tones (t) dry matter (DM)/ha. The forages contained low crude protein (CP) that varied (p<0.05) from 16 to 27 g/kg DM; and had high fibre contents, which varied (p<0.05) from 702-725, 497-573 and 119-225 g/kg DM for neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL), respectively. The forages were poorly degraded in sacco, and showed low DM degradability (DMD) characteristics of 74, 473 and 576 g/kg DM for DM washing losses (a), slowly degradable feed fraction (b) and potential degradability, (a+b), respectively; and low DMD at 48 h incubation, which varied from 317-345 g/kg DM, and contained low metabolizable energy (ME), (4.2-4.36 MJ/kg DM). The herbage forages would not meet protein and energy requirements for maintenance and production, which could be reflected through low animal productivity. Further work is needed to assess animal productivity (growth, milk, draft force) from conserved forages in traditional fodder banks in the dry season.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.95-122
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• 2020

In this article, we evaluated the performance of radiofrequency (RF) coils in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and homogeneity of magnetic resonance images when used for ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) 7T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). High-quality MRI can be obtained when these two basic requirements are met. However, because of the dielectric effect, 7T magnetic resonance imaging still produces essentially a non-uniform magnetic flux (|B₁|) density distribution. In general, heterogeneous and homogeneous RF coils may be designed using electromagnetic (EM) modeling. Heterogeneous coils, which are surface coils, are used in consideration of scalability in the |B₁| region with a high S/N as multichannel loop coils rather than selecting a single loop. Loop coils are considered state of the art for their simplicity yet effective |B₁|-field distribution and intensity. In addition, combining multiple loop coils allows phase arrays (PA). PA coils have gained great interest for use in receiving signals because of parallel imaging (PI) techniques, such as sensitivity encoding (SENSE) and generalized autocalibrating partial parallel acquisition (GRAPPA), which drastically reduce the acquisition time. With the introduction of a parallel transmit coil (pTx) system, a form of transceiver loop arrays has also been proposed. In this article, we discussed the applications and proposed designs of loop coils. RF homogeneous coils for volume imaging include Alderman-Grant resonators, birdcage coils, saddle coils, traveling wave coils, transmission line arrays, composite right-/left-handed arrays, and fusion coils. In this article, we also discussed the basic operation, design, and applications of these coils.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.709-716
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• 2013

A fan filter unit (FFU) is a device which supplies clean air from the ceiling in a clean room. With an increase in its size, velocity variation occurs within the exhaust plane and this damage the product quality or productivity. Hence, a guide vane is installed inside the device to enhance the velocity uniformity. Because the vane reduces the flow rate for a given pumping power, an optimum design is required to achieve velocity uniformity while minimizing the flow rate reduction at the same time. To find a geometry that satisfies these requirements, a series of numerical simulations has been conducted while changing the angle and length of the guide vanes. By changing the geometry of the side guide vane, the velocity uniformity increased by 3.7% and the flow rate decreased by 1.5%. For the center guide vane, the velocity uniformity increased by 2.9% and the flow rate decreased by 0.7%.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.463-472
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• 2003

Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz), an annual tropical tuber crop, was nutritionally evaluated as a foliage for ruminants, especially dairy cattle. Cultivation of cassava biomass to produce hay is based on a first harvest of the foliage at three months after planting, followed every two months thereafter until one year. Inter-cropping of leguminous fodder as food-feed between rows of cassava, such as Leucaena leucocephala or cowpea (Vigna unculata), enriches soil fertility and provides additional fodder. Cassava hay contained 20 to 25% crude protein in the dry matter with good profile of amino acids. Feeding trials with cattle revealed high levels of DM intake (3.2% of BW) and high DM digestibility (71%). The hay contains tannin-protein complexes which could act as rumen by - pass protein for digestion in the small intestine. As cassava hay contains condensed tannins, it could have subsequent impact on changing rumen ecology particularly changing rumen microbes population. Therefore, supplementation with cassava hay at 1-2 kg/hd/d to dairy cattle could markedly reduce concentrate requirements, and increase milk yield and composition. Moreover, cassava hay supplementation in dairy cattle could increase milk thiocyanate which could possibly enhance milk quality and milk storage, especially in small holder-dairy farming. Condensed tannins contained in cassava hay have also been shown to potentially reduce gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants and therefore could act as an anthelmintic agent. Cassava hay is therefore an excellent multi-nutrient source for animals, especially for dairy cattle during the long dry season, and has the potential to increase the productivity and profitability of sustainable livestock production systems in the tropics.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1060-1068
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• 2009

The buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is an important contributor to milk, meat, power, fuel and leather production in many developing countries. Buffaloes can be categorized into Asian and Mediterranean buffaloes. Asian buffalo includes two subspecies known as Riverine and Swamp types. Riverine (water buffalo) and Swamp buffaloes possess different genetics (50 vs. 48 chromosomes, respectively), morphology (body frame, body weight, horn shape and skin color) and behavior (wallowing in mud or water) and thus, are reared and used for different purposes. Low per head milk yield, poor reproductive performance (seasonal breeding behavior, anestrous, and longer calving interval) and low growth rate in buffaloes have been attributed to insufficient supply of nutrients. In many parts of Asia, where the buffalo is an integral part of the food chain and rural economy, irregular and inadequate availability of quality feedstuffs and their utilization are hampering the performance of this unique animal. Balanced nutrition and better management can enhance buffalo productivity. Many efforts have been made in the last few decades to improve nutrient supply and utilization in buffaloes. Recent research on locally available feed resources such as crop residues, and industrial by-products, dietary addition of micronutrients, use of performance modifiers and use of ruminally protected fat and protein sources have shown significant potential to improve growth, milk yield and reproductive performance of buffaloes. However, a number of issues, including establishment of nutrient requirements for dairy and beef, development of buffalo calf feeding systems, nutritional management of metabolic and reproductive anomalies, and understanding and exploitation of the buffalo gut ecosystem, need to be addressed. Extensive coordinated research and extension efforts are required for improved buffalo nutrition in developing countries.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.215-225
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• 2006

Binary images, such as cartoon character images, text images and signature images, which consist of two values with black and white have more difficulties inserting imperceptible secret data than color images. Steganography using binary cover images is not easy to satisfy requirements for both the imperceptibility of stego images and a high embedding rate of secret data at the same time. In this paper, we propose a scheme that can get both the high quality of stego images and a high embedding rate by supplementing the advantages of previous research. In addition, the insertion of the proposed method changes only existing pixels of the imperceptible position and can embed the secret data of [$log_2(mn+1)-2$] bits in a block with size of $m{\times}n$.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.886-895
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• 2002

Introduction and application of virtual education has been rapidly increased in these days. A variation of information communication technology has an effect on education in interconnect with network as internet in the world that exceed the limit of time and regional. Computer and network communication technology through the medium of internet make an entrance cyber education as a new education paradigm. It must be affective on learner who have various educational characteristics and requirements. It begins to appear quality, quantity improvements of knowledge and the development of information technology that web based cyber education. This study was conducted to develop the web based education program and to evaluate the effectiveness of learning satisfaction and accomplishment and to compare the cyber lecture system with the traditional lecture system During the second semester of 2001, this study was investigated 317 registered students in a "Food and Culture" class at Kyungwon University. The data were obtained from pre and post-study with self-administered questionnaire. The evaluation and satisfaction score of students who were registered in cyberclass was negative tendency to compare pre with post-test scores, because of insuffciency of computer-aided lecture system. The major problem was inconvenient in checking system for connecting times in cyberclass which was one of evaluation point in final score. Another problem was frequently disconnection during cyber studying and not to concentrate each time in the cyber lecture because of eye fatigue, boring due to less interesting contents than other newly developed web-site. The students was prefer to mix type of the cyber and traditional lecture type class. The result of final score an each class, the score of cyber class (71.36 $\pm$ 22.44) was significantly lower than other groups (mixed type : 76.66 $\pm$ 19.99, traditional type :79.17 $\pm$ 15.72) (p < 0.05). Cyber class was attempted to present a useful and interesting teaching and learning tool which can be applied successfully in a longer term. The result suggest that various teaching and learning strategies should be developed considering the fact that the student learn alone most in time.t in time.