• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

This study was carried out to establish a production system of cut flowers and bulbs of oriental hybrid lilies in highland in summer. In study, effect of cultivation type and shading was examined. The cultivation types used in the bulb production experiments were greenhouses with no cover, greenhouses with net screen (net screen house), and greenhouses with EVA roof cover and net screen sides (rain shelter house). Net screen and rain shelter houses had either 0 or 30% shading. Cultivation type had significant effect and shading had a minor effect on bulb production. The greatest yield and quality of produced bulbs were obtained in the rain shelter house with 30% shading. From the results of this study, it is concluded that dispersed production of high quality cut lily flowers and bulbs could be achieved during the summer in highland.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 2013

This research was carried out to produce rainbow-colored roses from white cut rose, Rosa hybrida 'Denice', to meet customers' desire of having various colors of roses. The higher temperature of dyeing solution used, the faster coloring time surveyed. In high temperature, the flowering speed of cut flower accelerated and after treating more than 4 hours, the edges of flowers became too dark or dry. In the condition of concentration of dyeing solution, $11g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ dyed faster than $7.5g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, however, no differences between $15g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $11g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ have observed. It looked fast coloration at the stage of early blooming, but all three different petal opening stages need similar time to get even coloration from outer to inner petals. For the consideration of commercial value, flowers with 3-4 petals opened are better quality than flowers with less petals opened. It was possible to make rainbow-colored rose by dipping 'Denice' with 3 primary color combination, Hot Pink, True Blue, and Yellow dyes, at the best result conditions of $20^{\circ}C$ solution temperature, 3-4 petals opening stage, 11g/L concentration of dye solution and 3 hours dipping, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.156-168
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• 2012

Chrysanthemum is a cut flower species that normally lasts for 1 to 2 weeks, in some cases 3-4 weeks. This has been attributed to low ethylene production during senescence. Reduction in cut flower quality has been attributed to the formation of air embolisms that partially or completely blocks the water transport from the vase solution to the rest of the cut flower stem, increasing hydraulic resistance which may cause severe water stress, yellowing, wilting of leaf, and chlorophyll degradation. Standard type chrysanthemum can be harvested when buds were still tightly closed and then fully opened with the simple bud-opening solution. Standard type chrysanthemum can also be harvested when the minimum size of the inflorescence is about 5-6 cm bud which opened into the first flower full-sized flower. While spray varieties can be harvested when 2-4 most mature flowers have opened (40% opening). Cut flowers are sorted by stem length, weight, condition, and so on. Standard chrysanthemum is 80 cm length for standard type and 70cm for spray type. Pre-treatment with a STS, plant regulator such as GA, BA, 1-MCP, chrysal, germicide, and sucrose, significantly improved the vase life and quality of cut flowers. It is well established that vase solutions containing sugar can improve the vase life of cut chrysanthemum. Chrysanthemum is normally packed in standard horizontal fiberboard boxes. Chrysanthemum should normally be stored at $5{\sim}7^{\circ}C$. Precooling resulted in reduction in respiration, decomposition, and transpiration activities as well as decoloration retardation. There was significant difference between "wet" storage in 3 weeks and "dry" storage in 2 weeks. In separate pulsing solution trials, various germicides were tested, as well as PGRs to maintain the green color of leaves and turgidity. Prolonging vase life was attained with the application of optimal solution such as HQS, $AgNO_3$, GA, BA and sucrose. This also retarded senescence in leaves of cut flower stems. Fresh cut chrysanthemum can be transported using a refrigerated van with $5{\sim}7^{\circ}C$. Increasing consumption and usage of cut chrysanthemum of various cultivars would require efficient transport system, and effective information exchange among producer, wholesaler, and consumer.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.383-386
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• 2010

This experiment was conducted to investigate the quality of wild flowers and mixed wild flower silages. Silage materials employed ochardgrass and mixed wild flower (orchardgrass, white clover, Achillea sibirica Ledeb., Coreopsistinctoria Nutt., Rudbeckiabicolor Nutt., Centaureacyanus L.). Six kilograms of silage materials cut from each treatment were divided into 3 containers, packed by vacuum, and fermented for 40 days. The orchardgrass silage showed significantly higher contents of crude protein than that of mixed wild flower silage. But the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents of orchardgrass silage were significantly lower than those of mixed wild flower silage. pH and butyric acid of orchardgrass silage were significantly lower than those of mixed wild flower silage, and significantly higher in lactic acid contents. It appears that water soluble carbohydrates needs to be supplemented, being grounded on the results above, into wild flower materials both with high fiber materials and with low substances which need lactic acid fermentation.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.21-43
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• 2015

Korean floricultural industry has grown under the full backing of government, as it placed itself as the main export item since 2000s. Despite its high-speed growth after the domestic production scale of trillion won, the floricultural industry lost its pace after 2005, due to the market-opening of agricultural product and global economic depression. Although the national income is growing and the level of civilized living is following, spending on flowers is faltering. As of such circumstances, necessity for analyzing flower consumption trend and behavior has came out, along with the calls for expansion plan of flower consumption, under the basis of result analysis on consumer reports. The result of the research contains the trend/consumption behavior analysis on domestic and foreign flower industry to boost floricultural industry, along with reviews on various studies of the developmental process of domestic and foreign cut-flowers/pot-plants consumption trend. Also this study has reached to the various recognition of people toward flower, through a public survey. Through such results, this study would like to propose the measures for diffusion of flower-consumption culture, achieving the improvement of life-quality of public along. First, efforts on reviewing the customer accessibility is essential to create flower- culture and the consumption. Second, to eliminate the obstacles that prevents flowers from public's daily life is essential. Third is the effective public-relations on flowers. To create consuming culture and to adhere the positive images, it is essential to research and systematically organize categories of color, scent, and elements of flower and utilize them. Last proposal is the organization of flower-concerned personnels and the leading groups. The change is affected by the economical, social environment, along with the emotions of consumers. Therefore the necessity for the leading group to be the control-tower of such changes are very clear.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.538-543
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• 2013

During summer in Korea, the excessively high temperature causes growth retardation and quality reduction in cut roses grown in greenhouse. Mist treatments were conducted to reduce the temperature and avoid quality reduction of cut roses. The temperature change in the greenhouse, growth and quality of cut roses, and injuries caused by insects or fungi were investigated during mist treatment. Daily maximum temperature reduced as the number of mist treatment increased, resulting in $6^{\circ}C$ reduction by mist treatment for 10 seconds at 5 min interval. This temperature reduction occurred only when maximum temperature was over $40^{\circ}C$ in greenhouse, and not when it was less than $40^{\circ}C$ or rainy and/or cloudy day. Plant height and fresh weight of the cut roses were increased at the range of 10-20% by mist treatment. As frequency of mist treatment increased, however, malformed flowers increased and vase life of cut rose was largely shortened. The injuries by insects like as beet armyworm larvae and scale insect increased as well. In conclusion, it is recommended that mist treatment must be used when the daily maximum temperature in a green house is over $40^{\circ}C$ and forecasting for disease or insects should be conducted as well.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.209-215
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• 2018

The survey conducted with 120 florists in Korean domestic flower shops to investigate the use and awareness of floral preservatives in Korea. As a result, only 19.8% of the domestic florists use floral preservatives frequently in their shops, whereas 45.5% do not use them at all, suggesting very low use frequency. Korean domestic florists considered the use of floral preservatives mostly for storing cut flowers to preventing bacteria growth. For the reasons not to use floral preservatives, 51.4% of the Korean domestic florists did not value its usefulness, showing a lack of awareness of floral preservatives. However, 44.2% of the florists who had the experience with floral preservatives satisfied with the effect of floral preservatives, and 49.5% of the respondents positively answered to recommend floral preservatives to others. General awareness on floral preservatives among Korean domestic florists was positive. 50.5% of the florists with the experience with the floral preservative had the high intention to re-purchase the flower preservatives. The low use frequency and lack of recognition of floral preservatives in Korea were likely due to very few floral preservative brands and little advertising. However, the high satisfaction level and repurchase intention rate shown by the florists indicates that increasing advertising and education for the floral preservatives would improve the accessibility and awareness of the products and their effects increasing the opportunity to use floral preservatives among Korean domestic florists, further enhancing consumers' satisfaction by improving the cut flower quality and its vase life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.45
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• pp.3-12
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• 2021

The 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) is the gaseous ethylene action inhibitor, which delay senescence and wilting by blocking the binding of its receptors. We investigated the effects of 1-MCP with different treated duration (0h (Control), 1h, and 4h) in cut flowers of Eustoma grandiflorum 'Voyage' and Cymbidium 'Lapine Hat'. The relative water uptake increased by 14.5% than control (9.8%) and the flower diameter maintained high from 3 to 11 days in 1-MCP treatment for 4h in E. grandiflorum 'Voyage'. The relative fresh weight was averagely high in 1-MCP treatment for 4h, however, the vase life was not significantly different in both cut flowers. Since the effects of 1-MCP treatment was differently responded by plant species and cultivars, interacted studies of duration and levels of 1-MCP are needed for the pronounced effects of postharvest quality.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.325-331
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• 2013

This experiment has been carried out to determine optimal culture conditions for the production of cut flowers and tubers of Calla (Zantedeschia 'Golden Affair' and 'Black Magic') in highlands. Treatments consisted of various levels of root zone environments, Results are as follows: Calla 'Golden Affair' were grown with different mulching materials such as Non-mulching, Black film, reflective film, Rice hull. Mulching materials resulted in no difference in the number of cut flowers but flower length was highest in reflective film. Calla 'Black Magic' were treated with various soil water content, soil type and watering time. Number of cut flowers and flower quality were greatest when the plants were watered at -80 kPa soil water content. No symptoms of soft rot (Erwinia carotovora) was observed at this soil water content. The occurrence of soft rot was observed with similar percentage according to soil type and the soil water content. When Calla 'Black Magic' were watered at the time of soil surface drying, growth was greater compared to others. Air temperature and PPF affected plant growth and photosynthesis. Photosynthetic rate was greatest at $25^{\circ}C$ and PPF $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, while lowest at $28^{\circ}C$ and PPF $800{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. Soft rot did not occur without regard to dipping treatment (0, 5, 10, 24, 48 hours) when the day and night temperature were maintained at $25^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.567-571
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• 1997

Numbers of chemical agents which have been shown to inhibit either auxin signal transduction pathway or ethylene formation in plant cells were applied to cut flower stems of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) and their effects on the postharvest gravitropic response were studied. The chemical treatments were done by submerging either the stem base or the top part of cut flower, which involves the gravistimulus-sensitive region, for 1 h at $25^{\circ}C$. When the chemicals were supplied from the cut stem base, the gravitropic upward bending of flower stalks kept horizontally after the treatments with 20 mM CDTA or 10 mM $CoCl_2$ was comparable to that of the untreated control, but o-vanadate showed a certain degree of effectiveness for suppressing the bending response. In contrast, the direct application of those agents to the gravitropically sensitive region of cut flowers in the presence of 0.01% Triton X-100 resulted in a substantial reduction of the gravitropic response. In the case of 20 mM $CoCl_2$ treatment, almost total elimination of gravitropism without any significant deterioration of flower quality was observed. The results indicate the possibility of preparation of a protocol involving $CoCl_2$ and a proper surfactant for commercial use to suppress the gravitropic response of cut flowers during postharvest storage and transportation.