• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2013

The main active components of Panax ginseng are ginsenosides. Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 are accepted as marker substances for quality control worldwide. The analytical methods currently used to detect these two compounds unfairly penalize steamed and dried (red) P. ginseng preparations, because it has a lower content of those ginsenosides than white ginseng. To manufacture red ginseng products from fresh ginseng, the ginseng roots are exposed to high temperatures for many hours. This heating process converts the naturally occurring ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 into artifact ginsenosides such as ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5, Rh1, and Rh2, among others. This study highlights the absurdity of the current analytical practice by investigating the time-dependent changes in the crude saponin and the major natural and artifact ginsenosides contents during simmering. The results lead us to recommend (20S)- and (20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 as new reference materials to complement the current P. ginseng preparation reference materials ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1. An attempt has also been made to establish validated qualitative and quantitative analytical procedures for these four compounds that meet International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for specificity, linearity, range, accuracy, precision, detection limit, quantitation limit, robustness and system suitability. Based on these results, we suggest a validated analytical procedure which conforms to ICH guidelines and equally values the contents of ginsenosides in white and red ginseng preparations.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop and apply the pro-environmental housing life educational program to improve of pro-environmental attitude for upper grade of elementary school and to verify its effectiveness and influence. To achieve the purpose, documentary and investigatory research was conducted and thereafter the program developed and implemented following 5 stages of analysis, design, development, implement and evaluation. The experiment was made progress as two-group pretest-posttest design, and the program was applied to a class for two hours every week in discretionary activity class for 6 weeks. A reconstructed questionnaire through Kim et al.(2000)'s test tool was used to survey the effects of students's attitudes on environment. The major results were as follows. First, the developed program focused on the main contents of pro-environmental housing life based on ESD. Second, this program had a positive effect on elementary school students' environmental attitude. Third, this program had a positive correlation(.588~.712) among the 3 subdomains of verbal commitment, actual commitment and affect. Fourth, according to qualitative analysis, students appear to be more concerned and interested in the pro-environmental housing life and environmental problem. In conclusion, the pro-environmental housing life educational program based ESD has a positive effect on elementary school students' environmental attitude. Therefore, more intensive research and follow-up study on teaching and learning methods should be highly considered.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.328-335
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• 2011

Objectives: Depressive disorder (DD) is a complex disease, and the assessment of work ability in patients with DD is also complicated. The checklist depression (CDp) has recently been developed to support such work ability assessments and has been recommended for implementation in insurance medicine, starting with an analysis of the organisational and social contexts. The aim of this study was to identify the potential facilitators and barriers in the use of the CDp by insurance physicians (IPs) during work ability assessments of employees on sick leave due to DD. Methods: A qualitative research was conducted based on semi-structured interviews. The participants were IPs with at least one year of work experience in performing work ability assessments. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed qualitatively. Results: Ten IPs (7 males, 3 females; mean 53 years) were interviewed. Important facilitators, which emerged for use of the CDp, were an oral introduction for colleagues and staff, support from management, valuing the increased transparency in work ability assessments with using the CDp, having adequate time for assessments as well as modification of the appearance (colour, plasticised form) and content (clarifying aspects of the examples) of the assessment tool. The fear of the loss of autonomy, lack of added value of the CDp, high workload, inadequate instructions and lack of time were mentioned as barriers. Conclusion: Adequate introduction to the use of CDp and the fear of the loss of autonomy of IPs need special attention in planning its implementation.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2021

최근 기계 번역 기술과 자동 노이즈 생성 방법론을 기반으로 한국어 맞춤법 교정 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 해당 방법론들은 노이즈를 생성하여 학습 셋과 데이터 셋으로 사용한다. 이는 학습에 사용된 노이즈 외의 노이즈가 테스트 셋에 포함될 가능성이 낮아 정확한 성능 측정이 어렵다는 한계점이 존재한다. 또한 실제적인 오류 유형 분류 기준이 없어 연구마다 사용하는 오류 유형이 다르므로 질적 분석에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해 본 논문은 딥러닝 기반 한국어 맞춤법 교정 연구를 위한 새로운 '오류 유형 분류 체계'를 제안하며 이를 바탕으로 기존 상용화 한국어 맞춤법 교정기(시스템 A, 시스템 B, 시스템 C)에 대한 오류 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 세 가지 교정 시스템들이 띄어쓰기 오류 외에 본 논문에서 제시한 다른 오류 유형은 교정을 잘 수행하지 못했으며 어순 오류나 시제 오류의 경우 오류 인식을 거의 하지 못함을 알 수 있었다.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.379-392
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• 2021

최근의 직업훈련에서는 강의, 실습 위주의 방식에서 벗어나 훈련생들이 스스로 결과물을 만들어 내어 기업 현장 전문가의 피드백을 받아볼 수 있는 프로젝트 기반 수업에 대한 요구가 커지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 최근 직업훈련기관에서 중요시 하고 있는 기업맞춤형 훈련 내 프로젝트 수업 수요자인 훈련생의 인식과 요구가 무엇인지를 파악하여 프로젝트 수업의 설계 및 운영방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 기업 맞춤형 훈련에 대한 훈련생의 인식을 서면조사하고 개방형 문항에 대한 질적분석을 실시하였다. 구체적으로 프로젝트 수업 만족도, 프로젝트 수업의 취업기여도, 프로젝트 수업에 대한 기대의 충족 여부, 개선점 등을 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 시사점을 도출하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.2427-2444
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• 2021

The lack of plant-side energy storage analysis to support nuclear power plants (NPP), has setup this research endeavor to understand the characteristics and role of specific storage technologies and the integration to an NPP. The paper provides a qualitative review of a wide range of configurations for integrating the energy storage system (ESS) to an operating NPP with pressurized water reactor (PWR). The role of ESS technologies most suitable for large-scale storage are evaluated, including thermal energy storage, compressed gas energy storage, and liquid air energy storage. The methods of integration to the NPP steam cycle are introduced and categorized as electrical, mechanical, and thermal, with a review on developments in the integration of ESS with an operating PWR. By adopting simplified off-design modeling for the steam turbines and heat exchangers, the results show the performance of the PWR steam cycle changes with respect to steam bypass rate for thermal and mechanical storage integration options. Analysis of the integrated system characteristics of proposed concepts for three different ESS suggests that certain storage technologies could support steady operation of an NPP. After having reviewed what have been accomplished through the years, the research team presents a list of possible future works.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.404-412
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• 2021

본 연구는 육가공식품의 소비자 인식에 대하여 본질적이고 심층적으로 접근하기 위해 질적 분석방법의 하나인 Q연구방법을 이용하여 연구하였다. 이를 위해 긍정과 부정의 질의응답 표를 작성하여 P샘플을 설정하여 응답지를 나누어 주는 작업을 거치는 Q-sort를 PC QUANL프로그램을 사용하고 Q요인 분석을 통해 분석하였다. 분석결과 3가지의단일 유형으로 나뉘었다. 제 1유형(N= 10) : 육가공식품의 선호 유형, 제 2유형(N= 7) : 육가공식품의 기능성 추구유형, 제 3유형(N= 4) : 육가공식품의 비 선호 유형으로 요인명을 설정하였다. 유형마다 각각의 다른 특징이 나타났고 이러한 분석을 통하여 검출된 각 요인의 주관적인 인식은 향후에 다양한 기초 연구 자료로 이용 할 수 있고 연구의 목적으로는 육가공식품을 이용하는 소비자들의 인식을 유형별로 구분하여 구분된 변수 간의 특성을 확인 해 보며 향후 개선 방향을 제시하는데 있다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제57권8호
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• pp.437-447
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• 2019

Purpose: In recent years, efforts to improve the dental curriculum in South Korea have focused on a shift to outcome-based dental education based on core competencies in dentistry. So far, the field has seen various studies on the development of competencies, performance evaluation, and the importance of outcome-based education, but few studies have documented the development of such an education model. Therefore, this study develops an OBE curriculum for dentistry education and describes the development procedures and then finally this study intends to share our experience to other dental schools. Methods: This study introduces the development procedure and details of an outcome-based education model for dental education and presents the five stages of an outcome-based education model. In this study, 3 educational experts and 2 dental professor composed the TFT and developed the research method according to the ADDIE model. Step 1 is to conduct quantitative / qualitative research analysis through some survey and interview, Step 2 is to do a survey to revise competency, Step 3 is to develop a materials through consensus and participation of our professors of the dental school, Step 4 is to do some workshops, Step 5 is to prepare and conduct a outcome evaluation. Results: Step 1 is a required process for developing an educational model: the Job Analysis & Need Analysis stage. Step 2 is the Development of Outcome and Competency stage, which involves revising the competencies that are the basis of the curriculum. Step 3 is developing competency descriptions, competency levels, and evaluation criteria?the Development of Outcomes and Evaluation Standards. Step 4 is the Development of Milestones for Curriculum and Instructional Strategy, which examines the curriculum's problems and analyzes the improvements of each course. Step 5 is the Evaluating Outcomes stage, conducted based on the competencies specified by the target dental school. Conclustion: The model presented here can serve as a foundation for outcome-based education in other dental schools.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.279-290
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 임상현장에서 간호사가 경험하는 의사와의 의사소통을 탐색하고 소통장애 해결 및 효과적인 소통을 위한 방안을 확인하기 위해 "간호사가 경험한 의사와의 의사소통은 어떠한가?라는 질문으로 포커스 면담을 시행하였다. 연구는 각기 다른 임상경험을 가진 간호사 21명을 대상으로 면담 방법을 사용한 질적 연구이며, Downe-Wamboldt의 기준을 사용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 원 자료로부터 의미 있는 구나 문장을 추출하여 4개의 주제모음과 12개의 주제를 도출하였다. 부정적인 의사소통 결과 환자의 치료지연, 사직과 부서이동으로 이어졌으며, 갈등상황을 해결하기 위해서 당사자 간 갈등 해소, 조직적으로 대응, 형식화된 의사소통 방법으로는 인트라넷을 사용했다. 이에 의사와 간호사가 존중하는 분위기를 조성하고, 각 부서에선 소통 문제를 신속하게 파악하여 대처할 수 있어야 한다. 또한, 이를 토대로 간호대학 교육과정에서도 실제적이고 구체화된 의사소통 훈련을 통해 임상현장에서 적용이 가능하도록 의사소통 기술의 훈련을 강화할 것을 제언한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.423-436
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore nurses' experience of person-centered relational care in the context of critical care. Methods: Key interview questions were developed based on the human-to-human relationship model suggested by Travelbee. Data were collected through indepth interviews with a purposive sample of 11 nurses having more than 2 years of working experience in intensive care units. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted to analyze the data. Results: Four super-ordinate and nine sub-ordinate themes were identified. Emerged super-ordinate themes were as follows: (1) encountering a live person via patient monitoring systems; (2) deep empathic connection; (3) humanistic and compassionate care, and (4) accompanying the journey to the end. Study findings revealed that nurses in intensive care units experienced 'balancing emotions' and 'authenticity' in caring when entering human-to-human relationships with dying patients. The phenomenon of person-centered relational care in intensive care units was found to subsume intrinsic attributes of empathy, compassion, and trust, similar to the central concepts of Travelbee's theory. Conclusion: The interpretative findings in this study provide deeper understanding of Travelbee's human-to-human relationship model. The technological environment in intensive care units did not hinder experienced nurses from forming human-to-human relationships. These themes need to be emphasized in critical care nursing education as well as in nursing management. The results of this study will contribute to understanding nurse-patient caring relationships in depth, and help improve the quality of nursing care in intensive care units.