• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.269-277
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors which affect risk perception and attitude on government risk management over medications containing asbestos among parents of elementary school students. Methods: This research design was cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire. The survey subjects were parents of elementary school students in Seoul, total of 1,051 subjects. The survey period was from June through July of 2011. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0. Results: The subjects perceived high risk regarding medications containing asbestos. About 83.6% of the subjects perceived that the result taking of medications containing asbestos was fatal, 82.8% felt that medications containing asbestos was a very serious social problem, 79.5% agreed that medications containing asbestos was a new type of threat. The risk perception for medications containing asbestos was related to political affiliation, attitudes of dealing medicines, main use of media, and personal communication credibility. Those who did not believe that the current government policy was correct and the government was working toward the public's benefit and not its own had the higher level of negative attitudes towards the government's risk management over the case of medications containing asbestos. Conclusion: In implementing government policy, all information should be efficiently and accurately communicated through a transparent implementation process. Also, the government must have plans for countermeasures in case of an emergency and respond efficiently in order to maintain their credibility. Moreover, this highlights the need for health authorities to exert more effort in increasing public education/awareness, especially those concerning drug and dug-taking behavior, in order to harness positive attitude and trust towards the government's policy. For a more effective risk communication, the media, health experts, government representatives, and related industries should work together.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.147-165
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine various types and characteristics of masks and to consider what meanings they have in the recent fashion world. To this end, this study attempts to reflect on the internal meaning of masks exhibited in fashion designers' collections rather than functional meanings. It has an implication; in that it tries to help understand the expressive needs for variety and freshness pursued by modern fashion and use the unique design development to understand the internal meanings of masks. It, therefore, examines the existing domestic and foreign literature and data about masks from a theoretical perspective, and also attempts to draw findings from the data of fashion collections which have been held since the 2000s, as well as from literature research based on books about fashion and various other media. The meanings of masks in the field of fashion are as follows: First, they express identity, by criticizing the couture fashion, through the fashion. Second, they present a new concept of body, showing an illogical and ambiguous identity in which both feminine and masculine images coexist. Third, they are media externally communicating insights about human beings' inner world, through which various messages are transferred to modern people who are attached to external appearances, and the identities possessed by designers are revealed by the masks. Fourth, they ask about a boundary between gender and sexuality, as a means to make us concentrate on the important social issue, while expressing various and new identities, like the hybrid identity. In other words, they can be found to be used as effective media in communicating fashion massages intended by fashion experimental and creative designers.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.827-836
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to suggest improvement direction of the delivery system through researching the information accepter' recognition and use about warning delivery system. According to the survey, they listen to civil defence alert broadcasting on mass media more than personal media. The frequency of alert broadcasting is significantly very low and they listen to it below 5 times in a year. Also, nearly one in four people says its siren and contents are indistinct. Alert broadcasting's siren shows less memory retrieval and sorting capability than others and the result shows that they will act based on the broadcasting instead of reacting to prior knowledge in real situations. Finally, the result shows that improving public awareness through education and publicity more than social system buildup is important in civil defence alert system.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.209-233
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• 2016

Internet companies that utilize social network have increased in number. The introduction of diverse social media services facilitated innovative changes in e-business. Social network service (SNS), which is a domain of social media, is a web-based service designed to strengthen human relations in the Internet and build new social relations. The remarkable growth of social network services and the profit generation and perception of this service are the new growth engines of this digital age. Given this development, many global IT companies views SNS as the most powerful form of social media. Thus, they invest efforts to develop business models using SNS.2) This study verifies the impact of privacy exposure in SNS as a result of privacy invasion. This study examines the purpose of using the SNS and user's awareness of the significance of personal information, which are key factors that affect self-disclosure of personal information. This study utilizes theory of reasoned action (TRA) to provide a theoretical platform that describes the specific behavior and emotional response of individuals. This study presents a research model that considers negative attitude (negatude). In this model, self-disclosure in SNS is considered a TRA. TRA is a subjective norm, a behavioral intention, and a key variable of exposure behavior. A survey was conducted on college students at Y university in Seoul to empirically verify the research model. The students have experiences in using SNS. A total of 198 samples were collected. Path analysis was applied to analyze the relations of factors. The results of path analysis show the statistically insignificant impact of privacy invasion on negatude, subjective norm, behavioral intention, and exposure behavior. The impact of unrecognized privacy invasion was also considered insignificant. The impacts of intention to use SNS on negatude, subjective norm, behavioral intention, and exposure behavior was significant. A significant impact was also found for the significance of personal information on subjective norm, behavioral intention, and exposure behavior, whereas the impact on negatude was insignificant. The impact of subjective norm on behavioral intention was significant. Lastly, the impact of behavioral intention on exposure behavior was insignificant. These findings are significant because the study examined the process of self-disclosure by integrating psychological and social factors based on theoretical discussion.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.73-80
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• 2010

Since the Korean War, Korea has experienced modernization. The population increase by baby booming has asked for more space for educational facilities. In such a situation, the purpose of educational facilities was to accommodate continuously increasing students, rather than seeking for quantitative demands. In addition, in accordance with social changes, educational shifts were required. After the revision of the seventh national curriculum in education in 1997, the school buildings became varied. The design of buildings in accordance with educational curriculum has been improved, but still lack of forming comfortable environment and considering energy efficiency in school buildings. For the improvement of educational environments, educational media such as TV and computers have been provided, and energy systems, including heating and cooling systems, has been continuously increased. As a result, it appeared that energy use in school buildings and facilities has been steadily increased and that the structure of energy consumption has been also changed, especially with regard to electricity use. Living in the 21st century, human beings face global environmental issues, such as global warming, geographical climate changes, and ozone destruction that are the consequences of fossil energy use. Therefore, even in industrial areas, considering a counterplan for low energy use is being paid attention. Starting with Kyoto Protocol in 1992, people try to decrease carbon dioxide and to develop alternative energies (i.e. natural energy); for example, solar energy, wind force, terrestrial heat, and water power. Advanced countries already set up a criterion for $CO_2$ decrease ranging from office buildings to residential houses and also propose alternatives for the $CO_2$ decrease. However, there is no such a plan for low energy use and $CO_2$ decrease in school facilities, and any research on the actual conditions was not accomplished. Thus, this study examines energy demand in classrooms that take up a large portion of energy demand in school building structure.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to identify the effects of communication cues, anonymity, and social presence on group polarization in computer-mediated communication (CMC) settings. Extant literature has introduced some theoretical backgrounds of social presence and SIDE (Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects) to explain the effects of communication cues and anonymity. The concept of social presence emphasized the mediating role on communication cues and anonymity. However, most literature did not measure social presence and compare group polarization of all condition groups. This does not sufficiently explain the result of group polarization. Research design, data, and methodology - We believe that the direct impact of anonymity on group polarization can provide a more admissible and clearer explanation for the results. In addition, this study categorizes anonymity into two levels, as anonymity of group and anonymity of self. To justify the anonymity view, a laboratory experiment was conducted. The experiment was conducted in communication cues settings (visual cue; without visual cue) and anonymity settings (identified; anonymous). Each of the four settings has 10 groups consisting of five subjects each (total 200 subjects). The subjects are undergraduates from a large university, majoring in business. All experimental procedures and calculations of choice shift and preference change follow the literature. Results - First, the removal of visual cues does not produce a significant impact on group polarization, which cannot be explained by the social presence view. Second, the anonymous condition does not significantly affect group polarization, which also cannot be explained by the social presence view. However, the anonymous condition directly affects group polarization. Specifically, anonymity of self has a stronger effect on group polarization than anonymity of group. The result explains about the leading factor affecting group polarization. This study examines another view of how computer-mediated communication may be associated with group polarization. The process and outcome data from the experiment reveal that group polarization is not affected by level of social presence, but by level of anonymity. Group discussions conducted with visual cue CMC setting and identified CMC setting result in weaker group polarization. Conversely, group discussions conducted without visual cue CMC setting and anonymous CMC setting lead to stronger group polarization. The results of the study have the following implications. First, they provide clues for business organizations to design the most appropriate media conditions and preemptive social conditions to implement when making group decisions through CMC, to maximize achievements, generate amicable agreements, or actively share information. Second, this study can be useful in analyzing different adverse effects generated through Internet use. Conclusions - This research can help explain discussions and decision-making actions on Internet forums, which have recently increased, as well as providing a foundational basis in newly establishing policies for the forums. Finally, it should be noted that many other factors such as group size, topics, and group history may affect group polarization. These should be examined in future studies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.111-128
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze domestic research trends of social learning in higher education, and find out educational implications with regard to the effectiveness of social learning. The 63 articles on social learning were finally analyzed, which were published in KCI journals. The results are as follows: Firstly, in respect of research contents, the research area of utilization and the survey methods were most frequently used in those studies. Secondly, as to the use of SNS, the analyzed studies were centralized on Facebook and Formal Structured Learning. Thirdly, as for the effectiveness of SNS, the experimental studies showed that social learning has an effective impact on the learning outcomes, learning processes, and learners' characteristics. In addition, survey studies most frequently set the independent variables as learners' characteristics and the dependent variables as participation, satisfaction, and academic achievement. This research has a significance in terms of verifying the educational implications of social learning, and providing the preliminary data to facilitate the performance for the effective social learning.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.275-285
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to empirically identify the process of technology acceptance of the metaverse, a virtual world-based platform that has attracted attention due to the 4th industrial revolution and the COVID-19 pandemic. The technology acceptance model (TAM) was used to identify factors affecting the use of the metaverse platforms and to analyze the causal relationship among these factors. For research, a survey was conducted on ordinary adult men and women and was analyzed using a structural equation model. The study found that perceived pleasure, interactivity, self-efficacy, and social influence had a positive effect on perceived ease-of-use. Interactivity and social influence had a statistically significant effect on perceived usefulness. The relationship between perceived ease-of-use and perceived usefulness was not statistically significant, but both perceived ease-of-use and perceived usefulness had a significant effect on positively forming attitudes toward metaverse. Lastly, favorable attitudes toward the metaverse platform had a positive effect on the intention to continue using it. Through this study, it was possible to identify the factors affecting the intention to use the metaverse and to confirm the causal relationship between the factors. A deeper understanding of users may be obtained in future if the research subject can be expanded and investigated with various factors.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.67-75
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• 2020

Metonymy can be said to be the only language's meaning shifting technique that exists in the domain of a single human thought in order to obtain a transparent cognitive effect. The purpose of this study was to analyze the 'descriptive metonymy' of the advertising content language constructed by the cognitive principle and to find a way to use it in media language education for social and cultural interests and reflection of college students. The metonymy used in advertising media contrasts with the difficulty of the metaphorical interpretation of "opaque and distant" reasoning. Storyboards, mostly focused on human emotions and behaviors, used metonymy's 'transparent and easy meaning shifting technique'. I have found that I can expect the efficiency of media language education that contains the interest and sociocultural interest, self-reflection, and future imagination of college students. Now, there is less need to perform cognitive reasoning for advertisements with ambiguous metaphor techniques. Lastly, in order to produce successful advertising content, we expect to use the language technique of 'narrative metonymy' with warm feelings of humans, and acknowledge the lack of quantitative research and leave it as a task for the next research.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.379-400
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• 2017

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of ICT on multilevel marketing organizations (MLMs) whose members are both salespeople and consumers. This study explores the effects of the latest ICT convergence on the direct selling, which is the oldest sales method, and suggests the direction for the development of network marketing. Therefore, we will propose the changes in direct sales brought by ICT and predict the future direction of network marketing in preparation for the 4th Industrial Revolution era. Design/methodology/approach Exploratory case study was the methodology selected for this paper. The case study enables the use of multiple methods for data collection and analysis. This study applies qualitative case-study methodology on Amway Korea, which is the top seller of MLM organizations, to better understand the impact of ICT. This study conducted an in-depth interview with four different levels of MLM members (e.g. membership, ruby, emerald, diamond) which are based on the qualification system of MLM organizations and observed their behaviors. Findings This study revealed that the ICT impact on network marketing organizations(MLMs) could be summarized as follows : new membership growth, easier communication with customers, increase in work efficiency, increase in organizational trust, change in educational environment, and increase in the use of social media. Based on the interview, we propose the changes of network marketing organizations in the fourth industrial revolution era and the future strategy of Amway Korea as follows: (1) retention of royal ABOs, (2) harmony with SMEs, (3) utilization of Big Data, (4) creation of IoT business model, and (5) construction of successful O2O business platform.