• 미생물학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1994

광합성 세균과 비광합성 세균에 속하는 종들 사이의 유연관계를 파악하기 위해 DNA 혼성화 방법을 실시하였다. 혼성화도는 종내 균주들 사이와 Rhodobacter capsulatus와 Rhodopseudomonas blastica 사이를(72-88%) 제외하고는 전체적으로 낮게 나타났다(2-35%). 광합성 세균 Rhodopseudommonas Palustris와 비광합성 세균 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Bradyrhizobium japonicu, 사이의 D%는 광합성 세균 사이의 D%보다 약간 높게 나타났다(26-33%). Rhodopseudomonas blastica와 Rhodobacter capsulatus 사이의 D%는 72%로 유전적 유연관계가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.495-500
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• 1992

Photosynthetic bacteria which can utilize ferulate as a sole carbon source for their metabolic activities were isolated from soils by liquid enrichment culture technique. The strain P-1 was selected by the highest capability of degrading ferulate in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The strain P-1 was rod-shaped with its motility, strained gram negatively and could not utilize sulfur compounds. This strain has the bacteriochlorophyll a group I carotenoid and membrane structures like lamellae. As the results of physiological, morphological and cultural charactderistics, the isolate was identified as Rhodopseudomonas plaustris, one of the purple nonsulfer bacteria. The strain P-1 utilized 2mM/day in aerobic condition and 0.86 mM/day in anaerobic condition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1805-1810
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• 2007

Purple nonsulfur bacteria were isolated from river sediments and their growth promoting capabilities on tomato were examined. Isolated strains KL9 and BL6 were identified as Rhodopseudomonas spp. by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Rhodopseudomonas strain KL9 maximally produced 5.56 mM/min/mg protein and $67.2\;{\mu}M/min/mg$ protein of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), respectively, which may be one of the mechanisms of plant growth enhancement. The germination percentage of tomato seed, total length, and dry mass of germinated tomato seedling increased by 30.2%, 71.1%, and 270.8%, respectively, compared with those of the uninoculated control 7 days after inoculation of strain KL9. The lengths of the root and shoot of germinated seedling treated with 3 mM tryptophan, a precursor of IAA, increased by 104.4% and 156.5%, respectively, 7 days after inoculation of strain KL9. Rhodopseudomonas KL9 increased 123.5% and 54% of the root and shoot lengths of germinated seedling, respectively, treated with 15 mM glycine and succinate, precursors of ALA. This plant growth promoting capability of purple nonsulfur bacteria may be a candidate for a biofertilizer in agriculture.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.265-268
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• 1992

홍색 비유황 고아합성세균들중에 몇종을 선택하여 bacteriocin 생산실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, Rhodobacter capsulatus, Rhodobacter sphaeroides 그리고 Phodocylus gelatinosus의 세균들이 bacteriocin을 분비하는 것으로 나타났으며 특히 Rhodobacter capsulatus ATCC 17016은 cell-bound bacteriocin도 생산하는 것으로 나타났다. 대부분의 경우, 근연종들간에 bacteriocin이 분비되는 것으로 나타났으나, 비교적 우연관계가 먼 Phodocylus gelatinosus와 Rhodopseudomonas sulfoviridis간에도 bacteriocin이 분비되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.136-147
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• 2007

In an effort to identify possible microbes for seeking bioagents for remediation of herbicide-contaminated soils, seven species of phototrophic nonsulfur bacteria (Rhodobacter capsulatus and sphaeroides, Rhodospirillum rubrum, Rhodopseudomonas acidophila, blastica and viridis, Rhodomicrobium vannielii) were grown in the presence of the herbicide, butachlor, and bacterial growth rates and nitrogen fixation were measured with different carbon sources. Under general conditions, all species showed 17-53% reductions in growth rate following butachlor treatment. Under nitrogen-fixing conditions, Rb. capsulatus and Rs. rubrum showed 1-4% increases in the growth rates and 2-10% increases in nitrogen-fixing abilities, while the other 5 species showed decreases of 17-47% and 17-85%, respectively. The finding that Rp. acidophila, Rp. blastica, Rp. viridis and Rm. vannielii showed stronger inhibitions of nitrogenase activity seems to indicate that species in genera Rhodobacter and Rhodospirillum are less influenced by butachlor than those in Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodomicrobium in terms of nitrogen-fixing ability. Overall, nitrogenase activity was closely correlated with both growth rate and glutamine synthetase activity (representing nitrogen metabolism). When the carbon sources were compared, pyruvate (three carbons) was best for all species in terms of growth rate and nitrogen fixation, with malate (four carbons) showing intermediate values and ribose(five carbons) showing the lowest; these trends did not change in response to butachlor treatment. We verified that each of the 7 species had a plasmid ($12.2{\sim}23.5\;Kb$). We found that all 7 species could use butachlor as a sole carbon source and 3 species were controlled by plasmid-born genes, but it is doubtful whether plasmid-born genes were responsible to nitrogen fixation.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2010

광합성 자색비유황세균으로 동정된 균주들을 논 퇴적토와 분뇨처리장 슬러지로부터 분리하였고 그들의 식물생장촉진능을 조사하였다. 이 균주들의 배양액에서 대표적인 식물호르몬인 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)와 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 및 5'-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)의 생성을 측정하였다. 분리 균주 중 Rhodopseudomonas faecalis D15가 modified Biebl and Pfennig 배지에서 IAA는 769.8 ${\mu}g$/mg protein, IBA는 1323 ${\mu}g$/mg protein 그리고 ALA는 7.4 mM/mg protein의 가장 높은 생성률을 나타내었으며, R. faecalis C9는 20.8 ${\mu}g$/mg protein의 가장 높은 gibberellin 생성률을 나타내었다. 이 균주들을 토양에 파종한 토마토 종자에 접종하고 15일 후에 자라 난 유묘의 뿌리 길이와 건조중량은 비접종 대조군보다 더 컸으며 특히 C9 균주 처리 시료는 건조중량이 대조군에 비해 119.4% 증가하였다. 이 자색비유황세균 분리균주는 식물생장 촉진을 위한 친환경적 생물비료로 사용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 공업화학
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.640-648
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory effect of heavy metals [Cd(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II)] on the growth of Rhodobacter species (Rhodobacter blasticus, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, and Rhodobacter capsulatus) and their potential use for Cd(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) bioremoval from liquid media. The presence of toxic heavy metals prolonged the lag phase in growth and reduced biomass growth for all three Rhodobacter species at concentrations of Cd, Ni, and Zn above 10 mg/L. However, all three Rhodobacter species also had a relatively high specific growth rate against each toxic heavy metal stress test for concentrations below 20 mg/L and possessed a potential bioaccumulation ability. The removal efficiency by all strains was highest for Cd(II), followed by Ni(II), and lowest for Zn(II), with the removal efficiency of Cd(II) by Rhodobacter species being 66% or more. Among the three strains, R. blasticus showed a higher removal efficiency of Cd(II) and Ni(II) than R. capsulatus and R. sphaeroides. Results also suggest that the bio-removal processes of toxic heavy metal ions by Rhodobacter species involve both bioaccumulation (intracellular uptake) and biosorption (surface binding).

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2002

한국의 경기도 일대의 하천으로부터 광합성 박테리아 29균주를 분리하였다. 분리균주들은 Rhodopseudomonas blastica, Rhodocyclus gelationsus, Rhodocyclus tenuis, Rhodopseudomonas rutila로 동정되었다. 분리 동정된 광합성 박테리아들을 이용한 하수내 영양 염류 제거효율을 높이기 위한 고도처리 시스템을 연구하였다. 광합성 세균을 이용한 고도처리 시스템을 이용하여 합성폐수의 유기물 제거율 97∼99％, T-N 제거율 85∼97％, T-P 제거율 68∼99％을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한, 실폐수의 경우 유기물 제거율 96∼99％, T-N제거율 65∼95％, 및 T-P 제거율 63∼99％의 높은 폐수처리율을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.306-312
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• 2006

음식물쓰레기의 효과적인 처리를 위해 발효소멸기를 제작하고 유기물 분해능이 우수한 균주들을 접종하여 음식물쓰레기의 감량과 악취제거능을 조사하였다. 먼저 Bacillus subtilis (cellulase 생성), Bacillus cereus (amylase 생성), Sphingobacterium faecium (protease 생성)를 분리하여 효소의 활성을 조사한 결과 각각 최대 153, 219, 412 unit/ml의 우수한 활성을 나타냈다. 미생물에 의한 음식물쓰레기의 처리효과를 확인하기 위해 먼저 간헐적 통기시의 감량효율을 검토한 결과 15일 후 접종시료가 약 11%, 비접종시료가 3.4%의 분해율을 나타내었다. 간헐전 통기시 pH가 급격히 낮아지면서 처리효율이 낮아지는 문제를 해결하기 위해 지속적으로 통기시키면서 음식물 쓰레기 처리 효율을 측정한 결과 간헐적 통기에서의 처리 효율에 비해 약 10% 정도 분해율이 증가했고, 교반기 내부의 pH가 5$\sim$7 수준에서 유지되었다. 음식물 쓰레기 처리에 가장 적합한 조건을 찾기 위해 pH와 온도를 조절하면서 분해효율을 조사한 결과 pH 7, $30^{\circ}C$에서 15일 후 가장 우수한 35%의 분해효율을 나타냈다. 한편 음식물 쓰레기가 분해되면서 발생하는 악취를 저감시키기 위해 biofilter를 제작, 장착함으로써 제어하고자 하였다. 황 화합물을 산화시키는 홍색비유황세균을 함유한 biofilter를 장착함으로써 5$\sim$6배 정도로 복합악취를 저감시킬 수 있었으며, 악취 원인물질 중 중요한 황 화합물인 methylmercaptan은 213 ${\mu}g/L$에서 158.6 ${\mu}g/L$으로, hydrogen sulfide 또한 2473.8 ${\mu}g/L$에서 1262 ${\mu}g/L$로 크게 감소하였다. 이 연구 결과는 음식물쓰레기의 효율적인 처리 및 악취제거에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 음식물쓰레기 처리에 이용할 수 있는 미생물자원의 확보 측면에서도 큰 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.643-648
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• 2002

For wastewater treatment and utilization of the biomass, a photosynthetic bacterium was isolated based on its cell growth rate, cell mass, and assimilating ability of organic acids. The isolate was a Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium that contained a single polar flagellum and formed a lamellar intracytoplasmic membrane (ICM) system, including bacteriochlorophyll $\alpha$. The major isoprenoid quinone component was identified as ubiquinone Q-10, and the fatty acid composition was characterized as to contain relatively large amount of C-16:0 (18.74%) and C-18:1 (59.23%). Based on its morphology, phototrophic properties, quinone component, and fatty acid composition, the isolate appeared to be closely related to the Rhodopseudomonas subgroup of purple nonsulfur bacteria. A phylogenetic analysis of the isolate using its 16S rRNA gene sequence data also supported the phenotypic findings, and classified the isolate closely related to Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Accordingly, the nomenclature of the isolate was proposed as Rhodopseudomonas palustris KUGB306. A bench-scale photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) reactor using the isolate was designed and operated for the treatment of soybean curd wastewater.