• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 비접촉식 레이저 여기 표면파의 비선형성 계측을 통하여 소성 변형된 알루미늄 합금의 소성변형을 평가하고자 하는 데 있다. 슬릿마스크와 고출력 펄스 레이저를 통한 선배열 레이저빔을 이용하여 협대역의 표면파를 발생 시켰으며, 표면파의 음향 비선형 특성을 이용하기 위하여 슬릿 마스크의 열림 폭과 간격을 변화시킴으로써 레이저 여기 표면파의 주파수 특성을 제어하였다. 스트로크 제어를 통한 인장시험을 통하여 단계별 인장 소성변형 정도를 달리하는 시험편을 제작하였다. 실험결과 인장 소성 변형율이 커짐에 따라 음향 비선형 파라미터는 증가하였으며, 경도 및 EBSD 측정결과 손상의 정도와 매우 밀접한 관계를 보였다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서의 레이저 여기 표면파의 비선형 평가기법은 알루미늄 합금의 소성변형 평가에 매우 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2000

Sixty-eight clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from inpatients of 2 university hospitals in Taegu were epidemiologically analyzed by using the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25 antimicrobial drugs, biochemical reaction, pulsed-field gel elctropgoresis (PFGE), and PCR with enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences as primer (ERIC-PCR). 1. All the strains were susceptible to minocycline. More than 57% were susceptible to sulfisomidine (Su), ciprofloxacin (Ci), Ofloploxacin (Of), nalidixic acid (Na), and chloramphenicol (Cm), and $19{\sim}35%$ to ceftazidime (Cd), trimethoprim (Tp), Ticacillin-clavulanic acid, and cefoperazone-sulbactam. Most isolates were resistant to ${\beta}$-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (Ap), carbenicillin (Cb), cefotaxim (Ct), cefoxitin (Cx), and aminoglycosides including gentamicin (Gm), tobramycin (Tb), amikacin (Ak). 2. All the isolates were multiply resistant of 5 to 17 drugs and showed 40 different resistance pattern types. 3. All the strains showed very similar biochemical reactions except ${\beta}$-galactosidase and nitrate reduction test. Fourteen strains selected randomly were classified 10 different pattern type by PFGE and ERIC-PCR. These two methods showed identical result. Four strains isolated from wound in 1994 showed similar MIC pattern and identical API 20NE profile, PFGE, and ERIC-PCR pattern indicating episodes of cross-infection among patients. These results indicate that PFGE or ERIC-PCR profile has comparable discriminatory power for epidemiological typing of S. maltophilia.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.302-311
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• 2010

In this research, the refinement behavior of the coarse magnesium powders fabricated by gas atomization was investigated as a function of milling time using a short duration high-energy ball milling equipment, which produces fine powders by means of an ultra high-energy within a short duration. The microstructure, hardness, and formability of the powders were investigated as a function of milling time using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Vickers micro-hardness tester and magnetic pulsed compaction. The particle morphology of Mg powders changed from spherical particles of feed metals to irregular oval particles, then platetype particles, with increasing milling time. Due to having HCP structure, deformation occurs due to the existence of the easily breakable C-axis perpendicular to the base, resulting in producing plate-type powders. With increasing milling time, the particle size increased until 5 minutes, then decreased gradually reaching a uniform size of about 50 micrometer after 20 minutes. The relative density of the initial power was 98% before milling, and mechanically milled powder was 92~94% with increase milling time (1~5 min) then it increased to 99% after milling for 20 minutes because of the change in particle shapes.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2002

We have fabricated high-quality c-axis-oriented $MgB_2$ thin films by using a pulsed laser deposition technique. The thin films grown on (1 1 0 2) $Al_2$$O_3$ substrates show an onset transition temperature of 39.2 K with a sharp transition width of ~0.15 K. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate a c-axis-oriented crystal structure perpendicular to the substrate surface. We observed high critical current densities ($J_{c}$) of ~ 16 $MA/\textrm{cm}^2$ at 15 K and under self-field, which is comparable to or exceeds those of cuprate high-temperature superconductors. The extrapolation $J_{c}$ at 5 K was estimated to be ~ 40 MA/$\textrm{cm}^2$, which is the highest record for $MgB_2$ compounds. At a magnetic field of 5 T, the $J_{c}$ of~ 0.1 $MA/\textrm{cm}^2$ was detected at 15 K, suggesting that this compound is very promising candidate for the practical applications at high temperature with lower power consumption. As a possible explanation for the high current-carving capability, the vortex-glass phase will be discussed.d.d.d.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.409-409
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• 2011

All solid-state thin film lithium batteries have many applications in miniaturized devices because of lightweight, long-life, low self-discharge and high energy density. The research of cathode materials for thin film lithium batteries that provide high energy density at fast discharge rates is important to meet the demands for high-power applications. Among cathode materials, lithium manganese oxide materials as spinel-based compounds have been reported to possess specific advantages of high electrochemical potential, high abundant, low cost, and low toxicity. However, the lithium manganese oxide has problem of capacity fade which caused by dissolution of Mn ions during intercalation reaction and phase instability. For this problem, many studies on effect of various transition metals have been reported. In the preliminary study, the Sn-substituted LiMn2O4 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition have shown the improvement in discharge capacity and cycleability. In this study, the thin films of LiMn2O4 and LiSn0.0125Mn1.975O4 prepared by RF magnetron sputtering were studied with effect of deposition parameters on the phase, surface morphology and electrochemical property. And, all solid-state thin film batteries comprised of a lithium anode, lithium phosphorus oxy-nitride (LiPON) solid electrolyte and LiMn2O4-based cathode were fabricated, and the electrochemical property was investigated.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.333-333
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• 2011

We have investigated the breakdown properties in liquids by high voltage pulse system. High voltage pulse power system is consisted of the Marx-generator with two capacitors (0.5 ${\mu}F$, withstanding voltage is 40 kV), to which the charging voltage can be applied to maximum 30 kV DC, spark gap switch and charging resistor of 20 $M{\Omega}$. We have made use of tungsten pin electrodes of anode-cathode (A-K), which are immersed into the liquids. The breakdown voltage and current signals are measured by high voltage probe (Tektronix P6015A) and current monitor (IPC CM-1.S). Especially the high speed breakdown or plasma propagation characteristics in the pulsed A-K gap have been investigated by using the high speed ICCD camera. We have measured the electron temperature through the Boltzmann plot method from the breakdown spectrums. Here the A-K gap has been changed by 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm. The used liquids are distilled water and solution of salt (0.9 %). The output voltage and current signals at breakdown in distilled water are shown to be bigger than those in saline solution. The breakdown voltage and current characteristics in liquids will be discussed in accordance with A-K gap distances. It is also found that the electron temperatures and plasma densities in liquids are decreased in conformity with A-K gap.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.894-898
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• 2016

Solution plasma is a unique method which provides a direct discharge in solutions. It is one of the promising techniques for various applications including the synthesis of metallic/non-metallic nanomaterials, decomposition of organic compounds, and the removal of microorganism. In the context of nanomaterial syntheses, solution plasma has been utilized to produce carbon nanoparticles and metallic-carbon nanoparticle systems. The main purpose of this study was to synthesize nickel nanoparticles embedded in a matrix of carbon particles by solution plasma in one-step using waste vegetable oil as the carbon source. The experimental setup was done by simply connecting a bipolar pulsed power generator to nickel electrodes, which were submerged in the waste vegetable oil. Black powders of the nickel nanoparticles-embedded carbon (NiNPs/Carbon) particles were successfully obtained after discharging for 90 min. The morphology of the synthesized NiNPs/Carbon was investigated by a scanning electron microscope, which revealed a good dispersion of NiNPs in the carbon-particle matrix. The X-ray diffraction of NiNPs/Carbon clearly showed the co-existence of crystalline Ni nanostructures and amorphous carbon. The crystallite size of NiNPs (through the Ni (111) diffraction plane), as calculated by the Scherrer equation was found to be 64 nm. In addition, the catalytic activity of NiNPs/Carbon was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry in an acid solution. It was found that NiNPs/Carbon did not show a significant catalytic activity in the acid solution. Although this work might not be helpful in enhancing the activity of the fuel cell catalysts, it is expected to find application in other processes such as the CO conversion (by oxidation) and cyclization of organic compounds.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.276-280
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• 2009

Cr:YAG 결정을 포화흡수체로 사용하여 수동형 Q-스위치시킨 다이오드 레이저 여기 Nd:$YVO_4$ 레이저를 제작하였다. Cr:YAG 결정의 한 면에 여기 빛 파장(808 nm)에 대해 고반사 코팅을 한 후, Nd:$YVO_4$ 결정과 접촉시켜 공진기를 구성하였다. Cr:YAG의 한 면에 여기 다이오드 레이저를 반사시키는 코팅을 입혀 공진기의 광변환 효율을 높임과 동시에, 여기빔에 의한 포화흡수체의 표백현상을 방지하여 안정된 출력이 나오게 하였다. 레이저 이득 매질 및 포화흡수체의 온도는 열전 냉각기와 냉각수를 사용하여 안정화 시켰다. 온도안정화를 시킨 상태에서 발진되는 펄스의 첨두 출력 요동(peak to peak)은 4%였다. 다이오드 레이저의 출력이 1 W일 때, 출력 펄스의 반복률은 평균 9 KHz 였으며, 최소 펄스폭은 7.11 ns, 최고 출력은 16.27 mW였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.441-447
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• 2001

PACVD 방법으로 다이캐스팅용 금형에 적용할 수 있는 TiN 코팅막을 형성시키는 연구를 하였다. 직류 펄스전원을 사용하여 지름이 4 mm인 작은 동공내부에 최고 20 mm 깊이까지 균일한 TiN 코팅층을 형성할 수 있었다. 코팅공정시 발광분광분석기를 사용해 Ti와 $N_{2}$ 및 $Ar^{+}$의 분광선을 측정함으로써 TiN 코팅막의 형성기구에 대하여 고찰하였다. 듀티비율이 50% 이상인 경우는 Ti, $N_{2}^{+}$ 및 $Ar^{+ }$ 의 분광선이 나타났으나, 듀터비율이 28.6%이하인 경우 분광선이 전혀 나타나지 않았으며 TiN 코팅층의 형성도 불안정하였다. 펄스전원으로 Bipolar로 사용한 경우 Unipolar를 사용한 경우보다 지름이 4 mm인 구멍에서 2배 깊게 코팅되었다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

The five-year national project in Japan for R&D of coated conductors and applications, named as the Materials and Power Applications of Coated Conductors (M-PACC) project, was finished at the end of FY2013. The project consists of four sub-themes as cable, transformer, SMES and coated conductors. In the theme of coated conductors, the fabrication process had been developed to satisfy the requirements from the applications such as in-field $I_c$ performance, low AC loss in the long tapes etc. Through the project, the remarkable progress was achieved as follows; a high in-field minimum $I_c$ value over 54A/cm-width under 3T at 77K was realized in a 200m long EuBCO tape with artificial pinning centers of $BaHfO_3$ by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique on the IBAD template. On the other hand, the AC loss reduction was confirmed in the tapes fabricated by both PLD and the metal organic deposition (MOD) techniques by scribing 100m tapes into 10-filamments. Additionally, the mechanism of the delamination phenomenon was systematically investigated and the strength was improved by eliminating the origins of the weak points in the films. Through the development, all targeted goals were accomplished and the several results were appreciated as a world champion data.