• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.127-143
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• 2015

Steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) is an anisotropic material due to the random orientation of the fibres within the cement matrix. Fibres under different inclination angles provide different strength contribution of a given crack width. For that the pull-out response of inclined fibres is of great importance to understand SFRC behaviour, particularly in the case of fibres with hooked ends, which are the most widely used. The paper focuses on the numerical modelling of the pull-out response of this kind of fibres from high-strength cementitious matrix in order to study the effects of different inclination angles of the fibres to the load-displacement pull-out curves. The pull-out of the fibres is studied by means of accurate three-dimensional finite element models, which take into account the nonlinearities that are present in the physical model, such as the nonlinear bonding between the fibre and the matrix in the early stages of the loading, the unilateral contact between the fibre and the matrix, the friction at the contact areas, the plastification of the steel fibre and the plastification and cracking of the cementitious matrix. The bonding properties of the fibre-matrix interface considered in the numerical model are based on experimental results of pull-out tests on straight fibres.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
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• pp.762-765
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• 2004

The main objective of this study is to provide a parametric evaluation of the pull-out response of steel fibers embedded in cementitious matrices. The various parameters controlling the behavior of the bond stress versus end slip relationship are analyzed; their effects on the entire pull-out load versus end slip response and the corresponding pull-out energy up to total pull-out are investigated. Also discussed are the effects of the fiber length, the water/binder ratio of the mixtures and embedded length.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 push-pull 감지 회로 구조로 인해 load transient 특성을 개선시킨 LDO를 제안하였다. LDO 레귤레이터 패스 트랜지스터의 입력단과 내부 오차증폭기의 출력단 사이에 제안된 push-pull 감지 회로 구조로 인한 전압 델타 값의 응답 특성을 개선시켜 종래의 LDO 레귤레이터보다 load transient 특성에서 우수한 효과를 가진다. 기존의 LDO 레귤레이터보다 rising time에서는 약 244 ns, falling time에서는 약 90 ns 만큼의 향상된 응답속도를 가진다. 제안된 회로는 Cadence사의 Spectre, Virtuoso 시뮬레이션 tool을 사용하여 samsung 0.13um 공정으로 특성 및 결과를 시뮬레이션 하였다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.598-603
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 Push-Pull 패스 트랜지스터 구조로 인하여 향상된 Load Transient 특성을 향상시킨 LDO(Low Drop-Out)를 제안하였다. LDO 레귤레이터 내부의 오차증폭기의 출력단과 패스 트랜지스터의 게이트단 사이에 제안된 Push-Pull 회로와 출력단에 Push-Pull 회로를 추가하여 전압 라인에 들어오는 Overshoot, Undershoot를 개선시켜 기존의 LDO 레귤레이터보다 개선된 Load Transient 특성의 델타 피크 전압 값을 갖는다. 제안하는 회로는 Cadence의 Virtuoso, Spectre 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 삼성 0.13um 공정에서 특성을 분석하였다.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.49-62
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• 1996

인발시험은 보강토 구조물의 설계에 있어 보강재와 흙사이의 강도 정수를 결정하는데 사용된다. 그러나 이 시험의 해석시 보강재를 따라 발생하는 전단강도가 일정한 것으로 가정하는데 이는 인발시험중 흙과 보강재 사이의 점진성 전단으로 인해 흙과 보강재의 전단-변위 관계 계산시 오류가 발생하게 된다. 구과 보강재 사이의 shear stiffness계산시 점진성전단의 영향을 평가하기 위하여 유한요소법으로 인발시헙을 해석하였다. 흙과 보강재는 선형과 비선형거동으로 채석하였고 shear stiffnss는 일반적인 방법으로 계산하였는데 수정된 shear stiffness와는 많은 차이가 있었으며 그 차이로 인해 유한요소해석의 결과가 달라지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 유한요소해석결과와 시험치를 비교 분석하였으며 개선된 인발시험 해극방법에 대하여 논하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2019

Plate anchors are generally used for structures like transmission towers, mooring systems etc. where the uplift and lateral forces are expected to be predominant. The capacity of anchor plate can be increased by the use of geosynthetics without altering the size of plates. Numerical simulations have been carried out on three different sizes of square anchor plates. A single layer geosynthetic has been used as reinforcement in the analysis and placed at three different positions from the plate. The effects of various parameters like embedment ratio, position of reinforcement, width of reinforcement, frequency and loading amplitude on the pull out capacity have been presented in this study. The load-displacement behaviour of anchors for various embedment ratios with and without reinforcement has been also observed. The pull out load, corresponding to a displacement equal to each of the considered maximum amplitudes of a given frequency, has been expressed in terms of a dimensionless breakout factor. The pull out load for all anchors has been found to increase by more than 100% with embedment ratio varying from 1 to 6. Finally a semi empirical formulation for breakout factor for square anchors in reinforced soil has also been proposed by carrying out regression analysis on the data obtained from numerical simulations.

• Composites Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 Kevlar 직물에 전단농화 특성을 갖는 나노 실리카 입자를 함침시켜 저속충격 특성 및 마찰특성 실험을 수행하였다. 나노입자의 크기에 따른 영향력을 평가하기 위해 100nm, 300nm, 500nm 직경크기의 구형 실리카 입자를 충진한 전단농화유체를 제작하였으며 유변물성 시험을 통해 전단담화 현상 및 급격히 점성이 증가하는 전단농화현상을 확인하였다. 전단농화유체를 Kevlar 직물에 함침시켜 저속 낙하 충격시험을 수행한 결과 나노입자 처리를 한 Kevlar 직물에서 우수한 충격흡수 특성을 보였으며 특히 함침된 나노입자의 크기가 작을수록 충격흡수양이 증가하였고 변형의 양도 가장 적게 나타났다. Kevlar 직물 내에서의 얀의 Pull-out 실험과 직물간 마찰력 실험을 통해 나노입자의 크기가 작을수록 전단농화 현상으로 인한 마찰력의 증가가 더욱 크게 나타남을 확인하였다. 이러한 마찰력의 증가가 얀의 Pull-out 에너지를 증가시키게 되어 주요 충격흡수 메커니즘으로 작용하게 되는 것이다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2021

Rock-socketed drilled shafts are widely used to transfer the heavy loads from the superstructure especially in mountainous area. Extensive research has been done on the behavior of rock-socketed drilled shafts under compressive load. However, little attention has been paid to uplift behavior of drilled shaft in rock, which govern the overall behavior of the foundation system. In this paper, a series of centrifuge tests have been performed to investigate the uplift response of rock-socketed drilled shafts. The pull-out tests of drilled shafts installed in layered rocks having various strengths were conducted. The load-displacement response, axial load distributions in the shaft and the unit skin friction distribution under pull-out loads were investigated. The effects of the strength of rock socket on the initial stiffness, ultimate capacity and mobilization of friction of the foundation, were also examined. The results indicated that characteristics of rock-socket has a significant influence on the uplift behavior of drilled shaft. Most of the applied uplift load were carried by socketed rock when the drilled shaft was installed in the sand over rock layer, whereas substantial load was carried by both upper and lower rock layers when the drilled shaft was completely socketed into layered rock. The pattern of mobilized shaft friction and point where the maximum unit shaft friction occurred were also found to be affected by the socket condition surrounding the drilled shaft.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.445-455
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• 2022

Steel anchor bolts are installed in concrete using a variety of methods. One of the most common methods of anchor bolt installation is using epoxy resin as an infill material injected into the drilled hole to act as a bonding material between the steel bolt and the surrounding concrete. Typical design standards assume uniform stress distribution along the length of the anchor bolt accompanied with single crack leading to pull-out failure. Experimental evidence has shown that the steel anchor bolts fail owing to the multiple failure patterns, hence these design assumptions are not realistic. In this regard, the presented research work details the analytical model that takes into consideration multiple micro cracks in the infill material induced via impact loading. The impact loading from the Schmidt hammer is used to evaluate the bond condition bond condition of anchor bolt and the epoxy material. The added advantage of the presented analytical model is that it is able to take into account the various type of end conditions of the anchor bolts such as bent or U-shaped anchors. Through sensitivity analysis the optimum stiffness and shear strength properties of the epoxy infill material is achieved, which have shown to achieve lower displacement coupled with reduced damage to the surrounding concrete. The accuracy of the presented model is confirmed by comparing the simulated deformational responses with the experimental evidence. From the comparison it was found that the model was successful in simulating the experimental results. The proposed model can be adopted by professionals interested in predicting and controlling the deformational response of anchor bolts.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표회 제16권2호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2004

This paper aimed at the development of hydrophilic carbon fiber with improved tensile strength and ductility, numerous single fiber pullout tests from different cement matrices were performed. Fiber debonding and pullout have a large influence on the tensile stress - crack opening behavior of fiber concrete. Both debonding and pullout depend on the quality of the matrix, as well as on the embedded length of the carbon fiber. In this paper, all fiber pullout tests were carried out using high strength carbon fibers, both without fluorinationed and with fluorinationed carbon fiber.