• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2018

Objectives: In most countries around the world, sex work is an illegal activity. Female sex workers (FSWs) in Iran hide their identities, and they are known to be a hard-to-reach population. Despite free access to HIV testing, fewer than half of FSWs receive HIV testing. The purpose of this study was to characterize the reasons for which FSWs do not seek testing at drop-in centers (DICs) and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) centers in Iran. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2016. The participants were 24 FSWs who received services at VCT centers and DICs for vulnerable females in the north of Iran and 9 males who were the clients of FSWs. In this study, we made use of purposive sampling and carried out a thematic analysis. Results: We found 4 major and 6 minor themes. The major themes were: fear of being infected (with HIV), stigma, indifference, and knowledge. Conclusions: Despite the significant efforts made by the government of Iran to establish and expand DICs for vulnerable females, the number of FSWs receiving services at these centers has not been very considerable. Consequently, by introducing and implementing training programs for peer groups, it may be possible to take steps toward establishing strategic programs for the control and prevention of HIV/AIDS.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2017

Objectives : This study aimed to examine the status of public health promotion programs in Traditional Korean Medicine (PHPP-TKM) from program managing public officials. Methods : The survey was a self-administered questionnaires based on internet service, survey monkey. The survey included the conducting status, obstacles, and improvement points of PHPP-TKM. Results : A total number of 179 officials participated the survey (response rate 71.0%), comprising 92.8% female. The survey demonstrated that 70.3% of participants conducted PHPP-TKM. The most frequent PHPP-TKM were stroke and bone/joint program. The reasons for not conducting PHPP-TKM were lack of financial support and program contents. The obstacles during conducting PHPP-TKM were insufficient contents and assessment index in PHPP-TKM. To develop necessary program for local residents and to secure financial support were required for managing future PHPP-TKM. Conclusions : The results suggests that various contents, validated assessment index, stable funds are to promote PHPP-TKM.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2013

Objectives: This paper aims to explain principles of gist-based health message design and discuss their implications for health promotion and public health education. Methods: After reviewing Reyna and Brainerd's Fuzzy Trace Theory(FTT), the authors explicate how to transform FTT into a practical guidance of health message design. Our explication is based upon FTT's reasoning that human intuition, rather than analysis, takes a primary role in message recall and comprehension, followed by judgment and decision making. We expect gist-based message design to be appropriate to serve such intuition. Results: Four principles of gist-based message design are offered: (1) provision of qualitative, as well as quantitative, information of gist, (2) inclusion of visual images corresponding to gist, (3) use of effective message formats to emphasize the gist (4) inclusion of relevant reasons and contextutal information. Conclusions: Gist-based message design has theoretical and practical implications for health promotion, specifically in the field of public health education, the press and governmental communication toward the public, and provider-patient communication in medical settings.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.461-480
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• 2017

본 연구는 공공도서관 공간에 대한 청소년의 인식, 이용 및 요구 사항을 알아보고 향후 공공도서관의 효율적인 청소년자료실 공간구성 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 청소년자료실이 별도로 설치된 공공도서관 두 곳을 선정하여 중 고등학생 이용자 126명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과 전체 응답자의 86.5%가 청소년자료실을 이용하며, 주요 이용목적은 여가독서, 개인학습, 정보이용인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 설문 응답자의 64.8%는 청소년자료실 별도 설치를 중요 이유로 대답하였다. 청소년자료실에서 가장 개선해야 할 점으로 열람석 확대, 정보활용기기 이용 공간 부족, 휴게 공간 부족, 그룹학습 및 모임 공간 확대 등이 나타났다. 이를 통해 청소년 요구를 반영한 공간구성 정책 마련, 물리적 시설 및 청소년서비스가 균형을 이룬 도서관 환경 조성, 열람석 확충을 위한 자료실 개방시간 연장, 다른 공간의 유연성 있는 열람 공간 활용 등의 공공도서관의 공간 활용 방안을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.258-264
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• 2019

Objectives: The perceptions of family-planning (FP) acceptors regarding contraception influence the reasons for which they choose to switch their method of contraception. The objective of this study was to analyze the perceptions of contraception and rationales for switching contraceptive methods among female FP acceptors in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Methods: This study involved the analysis of secondary data from the Improve Contraceptive Method Mix study, which was conducted in 2013 by the Center for Health Research, University of Indonesia. The design of the study was cross-sectional. We performed 3 stages of sampling using the cluster technique and selected 4819 women who were FP acceptors in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia as the subjects of this study. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: The predominant pattern of switching contraceptive methods was switching from one non-long-term method of contraception to another. Only 31.0% of the acceptors reported a rational pattern of switching contraceptive methods given their age, number of children, and FP motivations. Perceptions of the side effects of contraceptive methods, the ease of contraceptive use, and the cost of the contraceptives were significantly associated (at the level of ${\alpha}=0.05$) with rational patterns of switching contraceptive methods. Conclusions: Perceptions among FP-accepting women were found to play an important role in their patterns of switching contraceptive methods. Hence, fostering a better understanding of contraception through high-quality counseling is needed to improve perceptions and thereby to encourage rational, effective, and efficient contraceptive use.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the mediating effect of subjective unmet healthcare needs on poor health. The mediating effect of unmet needs on health outcomes was estimated. Methods: Cross-sectional research method was used to analyze Korea Health Panel data from 2011 to 2015, investigating the mediating effect for each annual dataset and lagged dependent variables. Results: The magnitude of the effect of low income on poor health and the mediating effect of unmet needs were estimated using age, sex, education level, employment status, healthcare insurance status, disability, and chronic disease as control variables and self-rated health as the dependent variable. The mediating effect of unmet needs due to financial reasons was between 14.7% to 32.9% of the total marginal effect, and 7.2% to 18.7% in lagged model. Conclusions: The fixed-effect logit model demonstrated that the existence of unmet needs raised the likelihood of poor self-rated health. However, only a small proportion of the effects of low income on health was mediated by unmet needs, and the results varied annually. Further studies are necessary to search for ways to explain the varying results in the Korea Health Panel data, as well as to consider a time series analysis of the mediating effect. The results of this study present the clear implication that even though it is crucial to address the unmet needs, but it is not enough to tackle the income related health inequalities.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.323-335
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• 2010

Purpose: This study identified sociodemographic characteristics, health status, health care utilization and related factors of Asian immigrant women in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from 465 immigrant women from China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and other Asian countries using standardized questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and $X^2$-test were performed utilizing SPSS version 17. A p-value <.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Subjects had relatively good subjective health. The most prevalent conditions were, in order, anemia, gastrointestinal diseases, gynecological diseases, and depression. Subjects utilized mostly hospitals or clinics when sick. There were significant relationships between health care utilization and factors including residence, time since immigration and economic status. The rate of non-treatment in hospitals or clinics was 30.1% during the previous year, with significant relationships between non-treatment and factors including time since immigration and economic status. The major reasons for non-treatment were the burden of hospital expenses followed by communication difficulty. Conclusion: Public health efforts should be targeted to Asian immigrant women to improve their health status and support health care utilization.

• 기록학연구
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• 제57호
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• pp.137-163
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• 2018

기록관리는 기록의 생산 시점부터 시작된다. 공공기관이 기록을 제대로 생산하거나 관리할 수 있도록 하는 통제의 방안과 정책이 필요하다. 우리나라는 공공기록물법 제정 시점부터 기록의 생산 시점부터 생산 통제를 위해 생산현황통보제도를 도입하였고, 현재까지 운영 중에 있다. 그러나 생산현황통보 제도는 목적에 부합하는 운영이 되지 않고 있으며, 실제 제도를 실행하는 기록물관리전문요원들 사이에서 무용론이 제기될 만큼 그 실효성이 의심받고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 제도를 관장하는 국가기록원 내에서도 제도의 존폐여부에 대해 이견이 존재한다. 이에 본 제도가 존재하여야 하는 이유에서부터 운영의 문제점, 나아가 대안에 대한 의견까지 실제 기록전문가들의 면담을 통해 정리해보았다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.364-367
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• 2011

The levels of unemployment and poverty are extremely high and two of South Africa's most pressing problems. There is also a widely acknowledged need for housing and municipal infrastructure (water supply, sewerage, streets, storm water drainage, and electricity, refuse collection). From a theoretical perspective supported by experience elsewhere in Africa, there are reasons for considering that properly formulated employment creation programmes based on the use of labour-intensive methods could be established to construct and maintain the required physical infrastructure, thus creating employment, skills and institutional capacities. Over the past 30 years several projects have been initiated in South Africa to counter unemployment and poverty. Given the socio-economic conditions and political objectives (regarding development, employment creation and alleviation of poverty), it is anticipated that future large-scale construction projects will be proposed by the public sector (National, Provincial and Local Government). The paper will first examine the main tenets of the implementation of development projects through the use of labour-intensive construction and a description of progress elsewhere in Africa and their potential contribution which public works programmes could make to alleviate the poverty and unemployment problems. The research will then analyse the successes and challenges that have been experienced in South Africa in relation to the implementation of development projects over the past 30 years. The paper closes with recommendations and lessons for the future.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.17-41
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• 1992

During the month of October, 1990, 676 practicing physicians in Taegu City were surveyed by mail questionnaires about their general characteristics and the reasons why they chose Taegu as a practice location and 331 out of them responded completely. Collected data were analyzed to provide basic reference data for future health manpower policy which intends to solve the problem of geographical maldistribution of physicians, The major findings are as follows: For the question asking why Taegu area is favored, following lists are as the order of their magnitude of the reasons replied by more than 20% of the respondents: 1) Taegu is a foundation of life until now(81.3%) 2) Better educational environments are available for their offsprings(73.7%) 3) They can have intimate relationship with acquaintances or friends sharing same or similar interests(61.0%) 4) Due to characteristics of their specialty, metropolitan seems to fit better(52.0%), 5) They graduated from the medical school in Taegu(49.8%) 6) Never thought of selecting practice location in other area than Taegu without any specific reasons(45.9%) 7) Intelligent communications are available with other physicians(39.9%) 8) More opportunities to participate in social life, such as medical, or alumni association etc., can be given(33.2%) 9) No specific knowledge or relationships with other area are available(32.6%) 10) They finished internship or residency training in Taegu area(31.4%) 11) Facilitation of transferring patients including emergent patients can be obtained (30.8%) 12) Continuing medical educational programs are available(29.9%) 13) Sufficient medical demands are provided because of the large population(28.1%) 14) More chances to be grown up as a medical professionals can be achieved(25.7%) 15) More leizure time can be utilized for cultural activities(23.9%) 16) They had experiences to work in hospitals or facilities in Taegu area(23.3%) 17) Medical facilities of fellow physicians or alumni can be used(20.5%) In addition, 37% of female physicians answered that their spouse strongly influenced them to choose Taegu, and 33.3% of physicians with age of thirty replied that parents did so. Physicians of specialty in radiology, clinical pathology, anatomical pathology, and anesthesiology considered that patients from other hospitals and medical facilities would be referred often to them and that less competition seemed to be expected in their specialty (30.8%). In contrast, general practitioners anticipated that larger population would increase the medical demand(62.5%). 28.6% of medical practitioners who graduated medical schools in other are than Taegu and 22.0% of medical practitioners who were trained in hospitals of other area than Taegu were influenced to choose Taegu by their spouses. In consideration of above findings, we may conclude that long term and rational manpower policies should be implemented to solve the problem of geographical maldistribution of physicians as well as short term physician-inducing policies, and they have to be incorporated with equitable community development.