• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.25-47
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• 2017

The present study investigates how communication styles of leaders affect job performance and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) through followers' positive psychological capital. While previous studies have examined the relationships among positive psychological capital, job performance, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), much less known about the effect of communication styles of leaders. This study divides leaders' communication patterns into dogmatic communication and sociable communication. To verify hypotheses of this study, we used data collected from the fashion companies. 191 surveys were distributed and 142 responses were used for the analysis. Empirical results show that sociable communication of leaders has positive impact on followers' positive psychological capital, job performance, and OCB, while dogmatic communication style didn' t have a significant impact on positive psychological capital, job performance, and OCB. In addition, job performance is influenced strongly by followers' positive psychological capital than OCB in sociable communication condition. The results of this study suggest implications for understanding the important role of communication styles on the relationship between followers' psychological mind-set and job behavior. Future studies are required to solve the problems on the inconsistent results between dogmatic communication and followers' job attitudes. The theoretical and managerial contributions and the limitations were discussed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.194-201
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• 2021

Amputation changes the lives of patients and their families. Consequently, the patient must adapt to altered body function and image. During this adaptation process, psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder, can occur. The psychological difficulties of patients with amputation are often accepted as normal responses that are often poorly recognized by patients, family members, and their primary physicians. Psychological problems can interfere with rehabilitation and cause additional psychosocial problems. Therefore, their early detection and treatment are important. A multidisciplinary team approach, including mental health professionals, is ideal for comprehensive and biopsychosocial management. Mental health professionals could help patients set realistic goals and use adaptive coping styles. Psychiatric approaches should consider the physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and spiritual functions and social support systems before and after amputation. The abilities and limitations of physical, cognitive, psychological, and social functions should also be considered. To improve the patient's adaptation, psychological interventions such as short-term psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness meditation, biofeedback, and group psychotherapy can be helpful.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.123-137
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• 2005

The present study examined the effectiveness and communications functions of mothers' touch on the responses of their 6-month-old infants using the Still-Face (SF) situation. Participants were 67 infant-mother dyads from Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Positive and negative responses of infants were measured by SF interactions and by three different touch conditions. Touch types were measured by a coding scheme based on Suchung Kim and Keumjoo Kwak (2003; 2(04). Results showed that mothers' touch affected baby's responses by increasing positive responses and decreasing negative responses. The positive and negative responses of infants differed by the three different touch conditions, indicating that mothers use different touch types according to touch conditions; these variations in touch function as an important channel of communications.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 2015

Objectives: To examine the medical effectiveness of meditation programs ($\alpha$ version) by psychological types. Methods: MBTI, which was created by Katharine Cook Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers, was used as the Psychological Type test and to investigate psychological temperament and functions and psychological preferences. Heart rate variability was used to test the effectiveness of meditation by investigating time domains (mean HR, SDNN, PSI) and frequence domain parameters (TP, LF, HF, LF or HF norm, Ln (TP or VLF or LF or HF). Results: 1. The autonomic nervous system became active, and both time domains and frequency domains showed positive responses to meditation in heart rate variability tests, without distinction of Psychological Types. 2. In Psychological Types using sensing over intuition for perception, there were positive responses as well as an increase of the parasympathetic nervous system's activeness to meditation for heart rate variability tests, depending on psychological temperaments and psychological functions. 3. In heart rate variability tests by preferences, there was no difference. Extroversion and Introversion types, Sensing over Intuition Types, Thinking over Feeling Types, Judging over Perception Types had an increase of activeness of the parasympathetic nervous system. Therefore, meditation has a positive physical and psychological relaxing effect. Conclusions: A complex meditation program has a positive effect on overall meditation. Especially in the MBTI test, sensing was superior to intuition when people recognized objects. The Sensing, Thinking and Judging type was more advantageous than Intuition, Feeling and Perception, respectively. In the future, a well-designed control study is needed, to develop a suitable meditation for each personality type.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.93-101
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• 2016

Purpose - Due to the heavy reliance on the human dependence, several factors such as attitude, behavior, emotional status and the quality of the service by the employees have been a decisive effect on the existence of a business in service industry. This study made use of the cases from the beauty salons in Korea, and tried to find out the meaningful results with following purposes. The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of psychological ownership with focusing on the employees in service industry. Therefore, this study is based on the literature reviews in the fields of psychological ownership, regulatory focus, and customer satisfaction. In particular, this study focuses on the regulatory focus with two parts. The two parts are composed of the promotion focus and prevention focus. Also, the relationship between the regulatory focus on employee and customer satisfaction was identified through empirical study. Mediating effects of regulatory focus were also studied, that is, the regulatory focus was on the relationship between psychological ownership and customer satisfaction. In conclusion, practical and intellectual implications were discussed for the growth and development in service industry. Research design, data & methodology - The survey for this study was conducted from November 15th to December 15th in 2015. The same amount of survey was given to both, the service providers and customers. For both of them, such as the service providers and customers, 260 questionnaires were distributed to them in total. After excluding the missing and unreliable responses for the exact analysis and process, 250 responses were collected and used in the research analysis. This study conducted a survey questionnaires, and the confirmatory analysis was used for the reliability and validity in this study. SPSS & AMOS programs were used for the analysis. Results - The first variable that was looked at from this study is the psychological ownership. The psychological ownership had positive effects on the performance both in improving focus and prevention focus. It indicates that this study supports the results from the previous studies. Second, the effects on the performance in improving focus and prevention focus for customer satisfaction were studied. As a result, the performance in improving focus had positive effect on customer satisfaction, but prevention focus did not have any positive effect. Third, this study looked at the mediating effect of regulatory focus on the relationship between the psychological ownership and the customer satisfaction, and only partly, they had positive effects on customer satisfaction. Conclusions - The results of this study showed that the psychological ownership has positive effects on regulatory focus both in performance improving focus and prevention focus. However, the mediating effects had partial positive effects on customer satisfaction and these results indicate that the service enterprises should focus on the employees' psychological ownership in order to maximize the customers' satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.497-508
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• 2012

Occupants' visual perception, psychological responses and spatial satisfaction under various indoor lighting environments were analyzed in this study. Field measurements and surveys were conducted in four coffeeshop space where different lighting conditions were used. Results imply that worse visual comfort was reported under direct lighting conditions that exposed light sources to occupants. To improve spatial satisfaction in space, lighting environments should lessen visual thresholds and distraction. Also, necessary illuminance levels should be kept with appropriate color of light that occupants prefer. Worse spatial satisfaction was reported under direct lighting environments, and spatial satisfaction was strongly relevant to visual comfort. Psychological comfort for space was positive in space where visual thresholds were minimized and visual comfort was positively evaluated. Psychological and spatial satisfaction was relevant each other. Occupants preferred to stay longer in space where psychological and spatial satisfaction was positively achieved due to less visual thresholds and improved visual comfort. Better psychological and spatial satisfaction was achieved in space where temporary mood and visual perception were favorably evaluated under indirect lighting environments.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 2024

This study was conducted to identify the differences in physiological and psychological effects between artificial and natural plants. Artificial and natural plant pots consisting of the same species and forms were prepared, and 40 subjects were asked to look at these plants for 3 min, and psychological responses were measured. Semantic differential, profile of mood states, and positive and negative affect schedule were used as psychological response measurement scales. As a result, regardless of the difference in plant material, as plants were viewed, negative emotions decreased in psychological terms. This result suggests that artificial plants can replace natural plants and that the use of artificial plants can be improved if planting natural plants is difficult because there is no difference in the psychological effects provided by artificial and natural plants.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.207-225
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• 2008

This study used content analysis to explore how experience and coping style affect burnout in child-counselors. Data were self-reports collected by interviews of with 30 child counselors. The contents of the interviews showedthe cause of, psychological and physical responses to, and the ways the subjects coped with burnout. The summarized results are that (1) they experience burnoutwhen they feel incompetent, when counseling is ineffective, when they are under-compensated and when they are poorly supervised, (2) The psychological and physical responses to burnout are diminished self-esteem, depression, incompetence, chilling effect on other fields, and digestive problems. (3) Child-counselorscope with burnout mostly by centering on the problems and by searching for social support.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2011

This paper reviewed the relationship between superior leadership and job stress responses, and the moderating effect of age in maintenance area of air force. Based on the responses from 450 air force maintenance persons, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that transactional leadership has negative relationship with physiological stress response, charisma has negative relationship with psychological stress, and individual consideration has negative relationship with behavioral stress. In moderating effects, age has negative effect on the relationship between transactional leadership and physiological stress response, and age has positive effect on the relationship between charisma and psychological stress response.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.298-310
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the laughter therapy program on perceived stress and psycho-neuro-endocrine-immune responses in obese women. Methods: A nonequivalent control group with a pretest-posttest design was used. The participants (n=60), whose age ranged from 30 to 50 years (pre-menopausal and body mass index of over $25kg/m^2$), were assigned to the experimental group (n=24) or control group (n=26). The experimental group was provided with the laughter therapy program (12 sessions) for 6 weeks. Results: There were significant differences in perceived stress, psychological stress response, fasting blood sugar, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha between the two groups after the program. However, there were no significant differences in normalized low frequency (norm LF), normalized high frequency (norm HF), LF/HF ratio, and cortisol between the two groups after the program. Conclusion: It was found that the laughter therapy program had positive effects on some variables in terms of perceived stress and psycho-neuro-endocrine-immuno responses. It is suggested that the laughter therapy in this study can provide the direction for developing a program for obese women.