• 한국노년학
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.459-472
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• 2007

본 연구는 지역사회 내에 거주하는 재가노인의 신체적, 심리적, 사회·환경적 상황을 종합적으로 평가하고 그에 적합한 서비스를 제공하기 위한 욕구 중심의 사정도구를 개발하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 사정도구는 총 200문항으로 구성되어 있으며, 재가노인의 신체, 심리, 사회·환경적 상황을 통합적으로 사정한다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 또한 노인이 현재 생활하며 느끼는 실제적인 욕구를 적극적으로 반영할 수 있는 주관적 호소를 포함시킴으로써 전문가적 입장에서 관찰되는 객관적 측면뿐만 아니라 노인의 주관적인 삶의 모습을 표현하게 하였다. 본 도구의 개발은 2004년 7월부터 2006년 3월까지 21개월에 걸쳐 이루어졌으며, 크게 그 과정을 세 단계로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 1단계에서는 문헌고찰, 외국자료 조사 및 분석을 통해 욕구 중심의 통합적 사정을 위한 문항들을 수집하였으며, 2단계에서는 1차적으로 개발된 도구를 노인장기요양보험제도 시범사업에 적용하였다. 이 과정에서는 시범사업에서 선정된 250명의 재가노인과 본 연구팀이 자체적으로 선정한 재가노인 200명의 대상자에게 본 도구를 적용한 후, 도구의 미흡한 점을 수정, 보완하였다. 3단계에서는 개발된 도구의 신뢰도와 타당도를 확보하기 위해 포커스 집단 활용과 전문가 집단의 자문을 활용하여 최종적으로 도구를 완성하였다. 본 도구는 13개의 하위영역에 총 200문항이 구성되었다. 그 하위영역은 기본정보, 주관적 호소내용, 주수발자의 기본정보, 현재 이용하고 있는 서비스, 주거환경, 건강상태, 재활상태, 일상생활(ADL, IADL, 배변, 배설, 조력), 사회적 지지, 행동장애, 의료건강, 생활습관, 강점으로 구성되었다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.386-394
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing suicidal ideation in middle school students. Methods: Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ) results, personal characteristics, child abuse experiences, and stress were obtained from a sample of 657 middle school students from 3 conveniently selected schools in S city. Results: Suicidal ideation of participants was positively correlated with child abuse experience, stress, psychosomatic symptoms, antisocial personality and depressive tendencies, whereas sociability and self-esteem were negatively correlated with suicidal ideation. Significant factors influencing suicidal ideation included an antisocial personality tendency, stress related to the family environment, mental abuse, gender (female), depressive trend, running away from home, sociability, and stress related to academic performance. These factors explained 39.9% of the variance. Conclusion: These results suggest that earlier screening and intervention programs for depression and stress in middle school students will be helpful in reducing suicidal ideation. Further studies are needed in which other strategies that could prevent suicidal ideation in middle school students are examined.

• 대한간호
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.49-69
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• 1997

The urgent needs to establish hospice care systems in Korea arise from the following reasons: 0) a drastic increase in chronically ill patients with the increase of aged population: (2) rapid changes in living environment from the traditional habitation (e. g., Many Koreans living in apartment complexes, which is the most popular form of modern residence in recent years, prefer to die in the hospital.): the overall increase in patients with advanced cancer: (4) recent trends in early discharge of terminally ill patients from the limited hospital facilities to accomodate other medical insurance beneficiaries; (5) easy acceptance of euthanasia owing to the recent social atmosphere that belittles the dignity of human life; (6) medical and nursing care of AIDS patient in terminal stage; (7) and the problem associated with inhumane medical care system, overtreatment, and groundless fears against narcotics. Terminally ill patients were used to be treated in the hospital in the past. In these days, however, they are forced to have home cares with little assistance from the qualified medical personnel because of insufficient hospital facilities, which are even short for the need of emergency patients and provide priority cares to medical insurance beneficiaries with other acute problems. And yet, neither are there any administrative organizations nor systematic medical studies that deal with the level of terminally ill patient's need, their family's problems and resources of hospice care systems in Korea. Thus, most patients are not able to get appropriate medical care at the terminal stage of their lives. The objective of this study is to make comprehensive database for various hospice care organization currently in operation, link them through medical information system, and develop an easily accessible hospice care model that meets the need of most Korean people. Our survey results may be summarized as follows: Nationally there are 40 organizations that provide partial or full hospice care. However, these organizations are not linked to any formal medical service network. Furthermore, the objective of hospice care, care principles, personnel with appropriate training, educational programs, standard for care, costs, consulting service to patients' family members, the extent of medical care from professional staff members, status of hospice facility, and management of those institutions are neither clearly defined nor organized compared to the international hospice care standards. The surveys on patients of terminal stage. grouped in hospice and non-hospice care patients. reveal what they want visiting nursing care to help their pain control. psychological. social and spiritual demands. While the more than 90% of hospice care patients want to reduce their pains. the non-hospice care patients. in addition to their desire for pain control. demanded more psychological. social and spiritual helps as well. The results of this research could be utilized to 0) define the standard of hospice care. (2) provide the guidance for hospice medical care costs. (3) establish the database of hospice care systems. (4) develop softwares. (5) build communication network through Medinet. and (6) provide an organized visiting home nursing care system. These information should be a valuable resource to many medical staffs who are involved in cancer therapy. nursing care. and social welfare programs.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.132-146
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• 1998

This Study was attempted to provide the basic data necessary in the development and introduction of Home Health Nursing System by investigating the recognition and attitude level of Home Health Nursing System. The data were collected by means of questionaires presented to 74 patients who had been admitted in C general hospital in Chon Ju, from June 30, 1997. As the tool for this study, the questionares developed by Kim Yong. Soon, et al (1990) and Han Bok Hee(1993) were modified and supplemented for the aim of this study. The computer was used for data analysis. The items about the charateristics of the subjects and the attitude to the management plan of Home Health Nursing System were represented as the frequency and percentage. The standard deviation and calculation average were produced on the items related to definition, recognition, necessity, expected effect of the attitude of Home Health Nursing System and the items related to admission. The ANOVA test was .used according to the characteristics of variables to analyze the necessity and difference of Home Health Nursing System. The results of this study were as follows 1) The general characteristics of the subjects were as follows ; for sex, man, $58.1\%$ ; for age, 50-59 years, $29.7\%$ ; for the level of education, high school, $51.4\%$ ; $79.7\%$ of them were married; for the family forms, small family, $73.0\%$ ; and $68.9\%$ of them take the monthly income over 100 million won. 2) The characteristics related to admissions of the subjects were as follows ; for clinic, surgical department, $78.4\%$ ; addmission not more then 7days, $47.3\%$ ; for the operation-performance $71.6\%$ of them were experienced; for the admission route, via outpatients clinic, $54.1\%$ ; for waiting period to the admission day, 1-2 days, $71.6\%$. 3) The difficulties comming from the hospitalization were related mostly to the factor that they felt hospital life more inconvenient than home.(3.66) The reasons for the difficulties in the admission which was due to insufficient beds in the hospital was related to the concentration to the general hospital because of 'The Whole National Medical Insurance System'(4.05). 4) On the previous informations about the Home Health Nursing System, those who have heard of only the name were 42 $(56.8\%)$, and on the recognition of it, they thought that it is periodic treatment by the licenced nurses for the recovering pateints after early discharge(3.73). On the attitude about the necessity of Home Health Nursing System, they thought that it is necessary because of the increasing trend of a psychological disease by the change of environment and complexity of the social structure(4.24). On the expected effect of Home Health Nursing System, they answered that it is convinient for the family of the patient to take care of them(4.l8). 5) On the attitude to the management plan of the Home Health Nursing System, those who had intention to participate in the system in the case of systemic support were 42(56.8). In the visiting time, 'visit periodically' and 'visit when the patient needs' were $28(37.8\%)$ respectively. For the application of medical insurance, if possoble, they will use $(91.9\%)$; for the method of payment for the treatment, 'pay by the time required' was $23(31.1\%)$, for the subject of management, 'National public institute must operate' was $33(44.6\%)$. 6) The relationship between the general characteristics of the subjects and the necessity of Home Health Nursing System showed the notable difference in the age (F=3.508, P<0.05) and marrage state (F=5.402, P<.023).

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.267-277
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• 2019

본 연구는 통합적 문헌고찰 방법을 통해 국내 요양시설에 노인을 입소시킨 주 돌봄 제공자의 돌봄 부담감을 파악하기 위한 연구이다. 문헌은 1990년 1월부터 2018년 12월까지 게제된 문헌으로 검색 데이터베이스를 이용하여 총 23편의 연구를 선정하여 분석하였다. 주 돌봄 제공자의 개인의 생리사회적 요소에 따른 부담감으로는 돌봄 제공자가 효의식과 죄책감이 높을수록, 노인이 2가지 이상의 질환을 앓고 있을 경우 돌봄 부담감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 신체적 부담감은 노인의 연령이 많을수록, 돌봄 기간이 1-3년인 경우가 높았다. 경제적 부담감은 주 돌봄 제공자의 나이가 많을수록, 노인의 병력기간이 길수록 높게 나타났고 심리적 부담감은 돌봄 제공자가 아들인 경우와 노인이 고령일수록, 요양시설 입소 초기에 높은 것으로 나타났다. 환경적 특성에 따른 부담감은 노인의 기능상태가 나쁠 때 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 요양시설에 노인을 입소시킨 주 돌봄 제공자의 돌봄 부담감에 관심을 갖는 것이 필요하다. 앞으로 본 연구의 결과들은 돌봄 부담감을 낮추기 위한 중재 프로그램 개발에 기여할 것이다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.89-109
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to analyze and understand the life of mothers rearing children with Down syndrome and to present basic data for overcoming the difficulties of those families. For these purposes, this study made use of the phenomenological analysis and approach with a qualitative research method. The subjects of this study are 4 mothers rearing children with Down syndrome who are beyond school age. The results were as follows. First, the reason why mothers with Down syndrome children went through psychological shock and horror was the social stigma due to the unusual appearance of children with Down syndrome. Second, the isolation with in the public education system was disclosed as a factor causing much sorrow and pain. Through this, we can recognize the importance of ensuring the equal right to receive education of children with Down syndrome. Third, the period which the mother experienced most shock and confusion was right after finding out about the disability that her child has. So, we can identify the importance of early intervention providing psychotherapy and rearing service to the parents. Fourth, the crucial factor that relieved pain and pressure from mothers was social support including family. Therefore, the social support system for mothers with Down syndrome children has to be developed and strengthened. Fifth, the crucial factor that made mother grow up during rearing experience was the reestablishment of cognition about the desired role of mothers. Through this, we can identify the importance of the mental transition process to independent thinking.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.269-290
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• 2000

This study was conducted to inquire about the view on childrearing of university women for the purpose of building up the positive parent- child relationship and setting up preliminary parenting education program. The subjects were 137 university women who were freshmen to junior in one women's university in Seoul. Using the self-report questionnaire, data were collected from December in 1998 to March in 1999 and the contents which subjects wrote down were categorized by content analysis method. The results were as followed: 1. The age range of subjects were 20-22 years and main rearer was her mother(71.5%) 2. The view of subjects were revealed by 374 statements and then tied together 34 themes: 'exemplary parent model as a guider'(8.6%), 'determination for oneself' (8.0%), 'expression of love'(6.2%), 'humanity education'(4.8%), 'carrot and stick'(4.5%), 'respect of personality'(4.3%), 'sound living habit'(4.1%), 'conversation'(3.7%), 'regulation of greediness' (3.7%), 'supply of live experience'(3.7%), 'supply of broad and substantial vision'(3.5%), 'free choice'(3.5%), 'broad-mindedness'(3.5%), 'consideration'(3.0%), 'doing together'(3.0%), 'propriety education' (2.4%), 'pursuit of naturalness'(2.4%), 'looking for one's life'(2.4%), 'confidence'(2.1%), 'rearing by oneself'(2.1%), 'encouragement'(2.1%), 'cultivation of right sexual senses'(2.1%), 'desirable home environment'(1.9%), 'doing one's best'(1.9%), 'understanding'(1.6%), 'psychological intimacy'(1.6%), 'treat fair'(1.6%), 'pursuit of physical, psychological health' (1.6%), 'concerning'(1.3%), 'religious life'(1.3%), 'respect of individuality'(1.3%), 'cooperation' (1.1%), 'often-minded family'(0.8%), 'positive attitude'(0.8%). 34 themes were categorized by 12 categories once more: 'mature parenthood'(15.5%), 'acceptance' (11.5%), 'autonomy'(11.5%), 'pursuit of healthy life style'(9.4%), 'eagerness'(9.1%), 'making efforts'(8.8%), 'education'(8.8%), 'emotional bonding' (7.8%), 'respect'(7.2%), 'corporal punishment' (4.5%), 'supporting'(3.2%), 'composition of environment'(2.7%). In conclusion, we could expect that university women had a democratic view on childrearing with love and autonomy for a base. So we need to offer them nursing implementations such as preliminary parenting programs and parenting consulting in order to promote positive and interactional parent-child relationship by strengthening their desirable view on childrearing.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.63-79
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• 2015

본 연구는 어머니의 취업여부에 따른 가족환경의 제반여건이나 심리적, 물리적 환경이 어떻게 다른지 살펴보고, 어떤 요인들이 취업모와 비취업모의 결혼만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인인지 살펴보았다. 첫째, 어머니의 취업여부에 따른 가정환경 변인을 분석한 결과, 먼저 양육환경에서는 비취업모가 취업모에 비하여 양육스트레스가 높으며 남편의 양육협조를 받지 못했다. 또한, 어머니의 개인변인에서 취업모의 자아존중감이 비취업모에 비해 높은 편인 반면, 비취업모는 우울감 수준이 유의하게 높았다. 또한, 아버지 개인 변인에서 남편이 지각하는 부부갈등 수준이 아내가 취업한 경우에 높았다. 아동변인에서는, 비취업모가 자신의 자녀가 좀 더 부정적인 정서를 보이며 까다로운 편이라고 지각하는 것으로 나타났다. 취업모의 자녀가 발달 상태에 있어서는 정상발달 범주에 포함되는 비율이 더 높았다. 둘째, 부인의 취업여부와 관계없이 부부갈등은 결혼만족도에 유의한 부적영향을 미쳤으며, 남편의 양육협조와 남편의 결혼만족도는 부인의 결혼만족도에 정적영향을 미쳤다. 취업여성의 결혼 만족도에 영향을 미치는 변인으로 부인의 최종학력이 유의한 변수로 나타났다. 이 연구는 영아기 가정의 가정환경을 어머니의 취업여부를 중심으로 비교 모색하였고, 어떤 변수들이 영아기 자녀의 어머니의 결혼만족도에 영향을 미치는지 규명했다는 점에서 의의를 찾을 수 있겠다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.597-615
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• 1994

This study is designed to facilitate the creation of home environment conducive to the family taking care of chronic bed-ridden patients with more effective method. The need for this study has emerged against the background of marked changes in the structure of ailments and causes of death, resulting in the number and plights of chronic bed-ridden patients as well as of a rapid increase in demand for medical care and resulting premature discharge. Keeping these in mind, this study focused on home-wards where the majority of chronic bed-ridden patients are being cared for. Despite. their overriding importance, home-words are less than efficient in caring (or chronic bed-ridden patients. These circumstances require the designing of home-wards that can offer greater comfort to patients and at the same time make things easier for caregivers, on the basis of an overall analysis of patients' life and home - ward situation. According1y this study adopted a Participant Observation Method derived cultural anthropology, Toward this end, 3 patients were chosen as subjects of this study for intensive interviewing and participant observation. In the process of this field re-search efforts were made to collect emprical data, that is, to faithfully record the words of the subjects and their caregivers for analysis and interpretation. The findings of these analyses are as follows. Firstly, the chronic bed-ridden patients are mostly being taken care by close family members. Secondly, a room for the exclusive use of the patient, floor, kitchen, bathroom and multipurpose space were found to be necessary for proper caring of the patient. These spaces were respectively used with a view to 1) accomodating the patient as well as caregivers' activities, 2) keeping general and medical supplies and other appliances for patient's care and drying the patient's washing, 3) preparing and keeping the patient's foods and beverages, 4) keeping the supplies necessary for cleaning the patient's body and treating the patient's eliminations, 5) washing the patient's clothes, underwears and bedclothes. The patient's room in turn is subdivided into six portions in terms of uses : specifically the places for accomodating 1) the patient, 2) medical supplies, 3) medicines, 4) linens St clothes, 5) bedclothes and, 6) diapers. Thirdly, the activities of the caregiver are subdivided into seven key areas : hygiene, exercise, diet, elimination, therapeutic nursing, prevention of sore, and other activities. Each area is further classified into several different activities of caring. These activities we mainly carried out in the patient's room. Fourthly, the supplies for caring the chronic bed-ridden patient is divided into two large domains : medical and general supplies. Finally, three main problems areas were found in this study on the part of caregivers, that is, sore prevention, hygiene problem related frequent urination / defecation, the caregiver's physical, psych ological and emotional burden. In consideration of the aforesaid problem areas, a model home-ward was developed in this study. The newly-developed model has been found to have the following six advantages. Firstly, the time and effort required for maintaining the patient's hygiene are reduced, thus relievins the caregiver's physical and psychological bur-den. Secondly, the patient's hygiene can be maintained in satisfactory conditions, because the patient's eliminations are more easily removed. Thirdly, skin irritations caused by the patient's eliminations were remarkably reduced and so were the patient's sores due to moisture and bacteria. Fourthly, the home-ward have a tilt-table ef-fect thanks to the inclining room floor. This improves the patient's cardiovascular function as well as constantly changes pressed skin areas and thus prevents sores. Fifthly, improved shelf arrangements help make the best use of patient's supplies. Sixthly, the trouble of continuously changing clothes, underwears, diapers & bedclothes is remarkably reduced simply by covering the patient with cotton sheets when laid in bed. This is espected to cut down expenses by reducing the comsumptions of diapers and other disposable supplies.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.6722-6742
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• 2015

본 연구는 유아의 기질과 부모의 양육행동과 관련하여 유아의 문제행동변화를 종단적 탐색연구를 통해 그 시사점을 모색하고자 연구하였는데 결과를 보면 1970~1990년도 전체 41개 요인에서 1990~2000년대 62개요인 2000~2010년에 93개 요인으로 나타내 초기 연구에 비해 관련 영향요인이 2000년대 이후 두 배 이상 증가된 것으로 나타내 그만큼 세분화되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 관련요인의 비중에 있어서도 부모의 도덕적 사고관이 가장 높고 그리고 유아에 대한 부정적 사고나 정서가 더 높아 유아자신의 기질이나 태도보다 부모의 유아에 대한 양육 태도에 따른 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 유아의 문제행동 영향요인과 원인 규명에 있어 초기연구들은 유아 개인에 정신 건강적 측면에서 문제행동의 원인을 찾으려는 경향이 높았으나 2000년대 이후 들어 유아 개인뿐만 아니라 가족, 관계, 가정환경, 어린이집 이용환경이 급격히 증가하면서 사회적 환경과 또래, 교사관계 등의 비중이 높아져 이에 따른 대체 자원 또한 시대적 환경에 따라 달리 적용되어야 할 것을 시사한 것으로 평가할 수 있다.