• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.185-192
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of the seeding dates on the yield and feed value in cultivating Italian rye grass on paddy soil. The field experiment was designed in a randomized block design of 3 repetitions with seeding dates of Oct. 19 (T1), Oct. 26 (T2), Nov. 2 (T3), Nov. 9 (T4), and Nov. 16 (T5) treatments. Plant length, fresh yield, dry matter yield and TDN yield were increased with early seeding dates (p<0.05). Crude protein, Crude fat and crude ash were increased with early seeding dates (p<0.05). On the other hand, NDF, ADF and Crude fiber were decreased with early seeding dates (p<0.05). Total mineral contents were higher in the order of T4 > T3 > T5 > T1 > T2 (p<0.05). The total composition amino acid content was decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the seeding dates delayed. Total free sugar content was highest in T1, whereas the lowest in T5 treatment (p<0.05). Nutrition yields (crude protein, crude fat, amino acid and free sugar) were increased significantly with early seeding dates (p<0.05). The above result indicated that it is favorable to seed soon after rice harvest to increase dry matter yield and nutrition yield of Italian ryegrass in the midlands.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.16 no.1_2
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• pp.30-38
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• 1973

To study the response to plant growth by the environmental factors, the effects of application of nitrogen on changes in the yield, crude protein, amino acids, chlorophyll, carotene, total phosphorus, acid-soluble phosphorus, phospholipids, RNA, and DNA were investigated with westerworlds 9Lolium sublatum) and perennial rye-grasses (Lolium perenne). The amounts of dry weight, crude protein, amino acids, chlorophyll, carotene, total phosphorus, acid-soluble phosphorus, phospholipids, RNA and DNA of both rye-grasses increased with adequately increasing nitrogen, and reached a maximum with an adequate application of nitrogen. The relationships between yields and crude protein contents, crude protein and RNA contents, and yields and RNA contents of westerworlds and perennial rye-grasses were found to be positively correlated, respectively. Therefore, in general, the response to plant growth by the environmental factors such as nitrogen nutrient may be summarized as follows: Environmental factors\longrightarrowDNA\longrightarrowRNA\longrightarrowProtein\longrightarrowPlant growth

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.256-260
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• 2015

This study investigated the optimum pH condition for the efficient extraction of protein from Gastrodia elata Blume. Five extraction pH values (8, 9, 10, 11, and 12) and three precipitation pH values (2, 4, and 6) were used. The protein content, browning degree, and recovery yield of the protein obtained under each pH condition were determined. Most of the G. elata Blume was made up of carbohydrates, and its protein content was also high. The amount of the extracted protein increased according to the increase in the extraction pH, but did not significantly differ between pH 8 and pH 9. The browning degree of the protein significantly increased as the extraction pH increased. The greatest amount of protein was precipitated at pH 4, the recovery yield of which was also the highest. As a result, it was found that the combination of extraction pH 9 and precipitation pH 4, which resulted in a 38.7% recovery yield and a low browning degree, is the optimum condition for the efficient extraction of protein from G. elata Blume.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.2-11
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of polymorphic loci and other factors on milk performance and the technological properties of milk. Methods: The analysis was performed on Simmental and Holstein cows in field conditions (n = 748). Milk yield in kg, fat and protein percentage and yield were evaluated. Technological properties were evaluated by milk fermentation ability, renneting, and an alcohol test. Polymorphisms in the acyl-CoA diacylgycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1), leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), casein beta (CSN2), casein kappa (CSN3), and lactoglobulin beta genes were genotyped, and association analysis was performed. Results: The DGAT1 AA genotype was associated with higher milk, protein and fat yields (p<0.05). The MM genotype in the LEP gene was associated with a lower protein percentage and the W allele with a higher protein percentage (p<0.05). In cows with the FASN GG genotype, the protein percentage was higher, but the A allele was associated with higher milk, protein and fat yields than the G allele. The TT genotype in SCD1 was associated with the lowest milk, protein and fat yields and with the highest milk protein percentage (p<0.01). The T allele had higher values than the C allele (p<0.05) except for fat percentage. The genotype CSN3 AA was associated with a significantly heightened milk yield; BB was associated with a high protein percentage. The effect of the alleles on the technological properties was not significant. The CSN2 BB genotype was associated with the best alcohol test (p<0.01), and the renneting order was inverse. Milk from cows with the CSN2 A1A1 genotype was best in the milk fermentation ability. CSN3 significantly affected the technological properties. Conclusion: The findings revealed the potential of some polymorphic loci for use in dairy cattle breeding and for the management of milk quality. In field research, the pivotal role of farms in milk yield, composition and technological properties was confirmed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.123-123
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• 2022

In order to evaluate the effect of nitrogen application levels on yield and protein content of rice varieties, a field experiment was conducted at National Institute of Crop Science of Korea in 2020. Five levels(0, 3, 5, 7, and 9 kg·10a^-1) of nitrogen fertilizer were treated to six Korean rice varieties. The nitrogen uptake amount, soil nitrogen content before and after rice cultivation, milled rice yield, and protein content in head rice were analyzed. As the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer increased, the nitrogen uptake amount of plants increased significantly. However, changes in nitrogen content in the soil before and after rice cultivation were different for each cultivar. The amount of nitrogen change in the soil decreased as the amount of nitrogen application increased in the three cultivars of Haepum, Gopum, and Odae, and the other three cultivars showed the opposite trend. As a result of correlation analysis of nitrogen application amount, nitrogen uptake amount, milled rice yield, and protein content of head rice, the five varieties except for Haepum showed a high correlation between these factors. The amount of nitrogen application and nitrogen uptake of plant showed a positive correlation about the milled rice yield and protein content of head rice. In particular, the protein content in head rice appeared to be more affected by nitrogen uptake amount than nitrogen application amount. As a result of this study, the yield and protein content of rice had positive correlations with the level of nitrogen fertilizer, and had a high correlation with the nitrogen absorption of plants.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.301-306
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• 1993

Effects of pressure and pressing time of soyprotein-CaSO4 coagulates on the yield, water holding capacity and textural characteristics of SPI (soy protein isolated) tofu were investigated. The tofu was prepared by addition of CaSO4 into SPI suspension at 9$0^{\circ}C$ and then compressed. As the compressing pressure increased from 8.66g /cm2 to 49.43g /cm2, the volume yield and moisture absorbed on filter paper were decreased and the textural properties of hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness and gumminess were increased. Increase in hardness and gumminess were more significant at high pressure than those at low pressure.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 1983

This experiment was carried out to find the effect of seeding rates and herbicides on the weed control, yield and crude protein of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The variety used in the present study was Pioneer 988. Two different seeding rates were 25 kg/ha and 50 kg/ha and five weed control treatments were weedy check, hand weeded check, alachlor, alachlor+simazine, and simazine of preemergence application. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Forage yield was not influenced by seeding rates. There was no significant difference between forage yield from 25 kg/ha and from 50 kg/ha of seeding rates. But weedy plots showed higher yield from the high seeding rate. Alachlor+simazine treatment showed the greatest yield among the weed control treatments. But there was no difference among the hand weeded treatment, simazine treatment, and alachlor+simazine treatment. 2. Seeding rates did not affect weed yield, but weedy plots showed the tendancy toward higher weed yield from the low seeding rate. Alachlor+simazing preemergence application showed the most effective weed control. But there was no significant difference in weed yield among the treatments of the hand weeded, alachlor+simazine and simazine. The weed yield in alachlor treatment was significantly higher than other three treatments. 3. The height of plant was shortest on the weedy plots and the longest height was obtained from the alachlor+simazine application. But in the first harvest the height was reduced by herbicides. Seeding rates did not affect the plant height. But the height was slightly taller under the low seeding rate than under the high seeding rate. 4. The percent crude protein of the forage did not affected by two seeding rates. Simazine treatments increased the percent crude protein and total crude protein yield. Simazine and alachlor+simazine application showed the significantly higher percent crude protein than hand weeded and alachlor treatments. Simazine increased the percent crude protein without reduction of forage yield. 5. Whereas the number of original stand was greater in the high seeding rate, the number of tillers per stand was higher in the low seeding rate. Weed reduced the number of stands and tillers. There was no significant indifference among the weed control treatments. It is concluded from above results that when sorghum-sudangrass hybrids are broadcasted for forage, 25 kg/ha rate of seeding is appropriate and alachlor+simazine treatment is most effective on weed control, maximum forage yield, and high percent crude protein.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.9-17
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• 2002

Renaturation of Lysozyme by size exclusion chromatography(SEC) to improve yield as well as the initial and final protein concentration has been studied in detail, Although urea decreases the rate of proteins refolding, it can suppress protein aggregation to sustain pathway of correct refolding at high protein concentration, and there existed an optimum urea concentration in renaturation buffer. Lysozyme was successfully refolded from initial protein concentration of up to 100mg/m1 by SEC, the yield was more than 40%. And the refolding of Interferon-${\gamma}$ was further investigated.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.1026-1031
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• 2006

The optimization of the production of a fusion protein containing the antigenic domain 1 (AD-1) is of a great importance, considering its use in diagnostic tests. The fusion protein is produced by the fermentation of a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli containing the plasmid Mbg58, which expresses the AD-1 (aa 484-650) of human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B as a fusion protein together with aa 1-375 of ${\beta}-galactosidase$. An important characteristic of promoters (lac and derivatives) used in recombinant protein production in E. coli is their inducibility. Induction by IPTG is widely used for basic research; however, its use in large-scale production is undesirable because of its high cost and toxicity. In this work, studies using different inducers and carbon sources for the production of a fusion protein containing the AD-l were performed. The results showed that lactose could be used as an inducer in the fermentation process for the production of this protein, and that expression levels could exceed those achieved with IPTG. The use of lactose for protein expression in E. coli should be extremely useful for the inexpensive, large-scale production of heterologous proteins in E. coli. Addition of sucrose to the fermentation medium improved the yield of recombinant protein, whereas addition of fructose or trehalose decreased the yield.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.217-224
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• 2001

In order to identify the growth characterization, the yield and chemical composition of Jeju barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli var. fiurnentacea(Roxb) Wight) based on seeding date in Jeju region, seeding carried out the 10-day intervals from March 27 to September 30 in 2000, respectively. Plant height was 143.2 cm, showing the highest on seeding date, April 6 among that of any other seeding date. On the other hand, those of early and late seeding gradually decrease. Plant height was 119.2 an in May 16 seeding. The results of stem diameter, number of withering leaves, number of leaves and fresh weight per plant were similar to those of the plant heights. The yield of fresh, dry matter forage, crude protein and TDN found the highest on April 6 seeding, 63.5 MT/ha, 13.9 MTha, 1.1 MT/ha, and 7.6 MT/ha, respectively. In early and late seeding, the yield was gradually decreased. In seeding May 16, the yield found .38.2 MTIha in fresh forage, 6.2 MTha in dry matter forage, 0.7 MT/ha in crude protein and 3.7 MTha in TDN, respectively. According to delaying the seeding date, March 27 to May 16, the contents of crude protein (from 7.9 to 10.8%), ether extract (from 4.6 to 6.0%), nitrogen free extract (from 45.1 to 46.5%), and TDN (from 54.2 to 60.8%) were gradually increased, respectively. On the other hand, those of crude fiber (from 28.9 to 25.6%) and crud ash (from 13.5 to 11.2%) were decreased. These results showed that April 6 was the optimum seeding date with the sole object of feed production of Jeju barnyard grass under the environmental condition like as atmospheric phenomena and soil in Jeju region. (Key words : Jeju barnyard grass, Seeding date, Forage yield, Chemical composition)