• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.445-451
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• 2005

As a selective ${\alpha}_{1A}-adrenoreceptor$ antagonist, tamsulosin has been used clinically for urinary obstructed patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The single and multi-layered pellets containing tamsulosin hydrochloride were prepared in an effort to control the drug release, avoiding dose-dependent side effects of tamsulosin hydrochloride upon oral administration. The drug release from multi-layered pellets was substantially controlled, compared with single layered pellets. The drug release from coated pellets with single or multi layer was affected by the nature of coating agent, the percentage of coating level and the presence of hydrophilic material in coating layer. In conclusion, the controlled release oral delivery system using multi-layered pellet is very useful for tamsulosin hydrochloride, resulting in improvement of patient compliance and therapeutic drug levels for a longer period of time.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9841-9846
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• 2014

Objectives: To compare the metabolic indices, lipid profile, androgens, and prostate specific antigen between prostate cancer and BPH and between grades of prostate cancer in a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 95 cases of prostate cancer and 95 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate gland volume was measured using transrectal ultrasound. We compared insulin, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, prostate specific antigen levels and lipid profile between prostate cancer of different grades and BPH. Further, prostate cancer patients were classified into low grade and high grade. Unpaired t-test for normally distributed variables and Man-Whitney U test for non-normal variables were used to assess differences. Results: We found that prostate cancer patients had significantly higher levels of insulin, testosterone, PSA, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in comparison to their BPH counterparts. Higher levels of these parameters also correlated with a higher grade of the disease. Conclusions: We conclude that higher levels of insulin, testosterone, PSA, and cholesterol correlate with a higher risk of prostate cancer, and also with a higher grade of the disease.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 학술발표 논문집 제15권 제1호
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• pp.386-389
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• 2005

우리나라는 노령화사회로 진행되어 감에 따라 노인성 만성질환이 증가하는 추세이다. 특히 노인성 만성질환 중 전립선비대증 질환의 경우 지속적인 관리가 필요한 질환이다. 전립성비대중의 경우 생명에 큰 지장이 없으면서 주기적으로 자주 의사를 찾아야 하는 번거로움이 있고, 또한 진단 및 투약결정이 상대적으로 복잡하지 않은 질환이다. 이 논문에서는 모바일 단말기를 이용하여 환자가 자신의 관찰데이터를 병원에 전송하도록 하고, 병원의 환자관리시스템에서 분석을 통해 환자를 모니터링하면서 의사의 직접진찰 시기를 조정할 수 있도록 설계된 전립선만성질환 환자에 대한 관리시스템에 대해서 소개한다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.324.1-324.1
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• 2002

Human 5-reductase type II(5AR2) is an important target for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In this study we describe the establishment of cell line which stably expressed 3X FLAG tagged human 5AR2. We used this cell line as a cell based assay tool and source for 5AR2 enzyme. First a plasmid (3XFLAGpCMVl0-5AR2) for the expression of 5AR2 was constructed by the use of the vector 3XFLAGpCMV10 and transfected into the HEK 293. By selection with G418 sulfate. ten HEK 293 single cell clones were obtained of which three stably exhibited high 5AR2 activity. (omitted)

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.550-558
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• 2021

양성 전립선 비대증(BPH)의 발병은 노화에 따른 남성 호르몬 수치의 변화와 연관된 내분비 기능 저하와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 현재 BPH 치료를 위해 임상적으로 사용되는 약물은 다양한 부작용을 나타내므로 효과적인 대체 식의약 소재의 개발을 시급히 요구된다. 산수유나무의 열매인 산수유(Fructus Corni)는 오랫동안 다양한 질병의 예방 및 치료에 사용되어왔으며 최근 BPH의 진행을 억제할 수 있음이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구에서는 BPH에 대한 산수유 열수 추출물(CF)의 추가 효능을 평가하기 위해 비거세 및 거세 동물 모델에서 TP에 의한 BPH 유도에 미치는 효과를 조사하였으며, BPH 억제를 위한 양성대조군으로 FINA를 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 CF 투여는 대조군 및 FINA 처리 그룹에 비하여 비거세 및 거세군 모두에서 전립선의 과도한 발달을 억제하였다. BPH에 대한 CF의 억제 효과는 BPH 유도에 관여하는 testosterone과 DHT의 발현 감소뿐만 아니라 HIF-1α, 5α-reductase type 2, SRC1, AR 및 PSA 발현의 과도한 발현 억제와 관련이 있었다. 또한, 스트레스 호르몬인 cortisol의 혈청 수준은 비거세 및 거세군 모두에서 TP에 의한 BPH 유도 동안 증가하였지만 CF 투여에 의하여 유의하게 감소되었다. 그러나 BPH 유도군에서 insulin 및 IGF-1은 증가되지 않았으며 CF에 의한 효과적인 결과는 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 AR 신호 전달 경로 활성의 억제를 통해 BPH에 대한 CF의 유익한 효과를 시사하며, 산수유가 BPH의 예방과 치료에 잠재적인 가능성을 가지고 있음을 시사한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.1943-1948
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• 2012

Introduction: Prostate cancer in Indonesia is the $3^{rd}$ ranking cancer among males and the $5^{th}$ rank for their cancer mortality. Prognostic markers that can identify aggressive prostate cancer in early stages and help select appropriate therapy to finally reduce the mortality are therefore urgently needed. It has been suggested that stem cells in the prostate gland have a role in initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer, although controversy continues to exist. Maintenance of normal stem cell or reserve cell populations in several epithelia including prostate has been shown to be regulated by p63 and alteration of p63 expression is considered to have an oncogenic role in prostate cancer. We hypothesize that the expression of cytoplasmic aberrance of p63 is associated with high ALDH1A1 expression as a cancer stem cell marker, thus leading to progression of prostate cancer. Methods: Using a cross-sectional study during two years (2009-2010), a total of 79 paraffin embedded tissues of benign prostatic hyperplasia, PIN prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, low and high Gleason score prostate cancer were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Associations between cytoplasmic p63 and ALDH1A1, as well as with pathological diagnosis, were analyzed by Chi-Square test using SPSS 15.0. Links of both markers with cell proliferation rate (KI-67) and apoptotic rate (cleaved caspase 3) were also analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The mean age of patient at the diagnosis is 70.0 years. Cytoplasmic aberrance of p63 was associated with ALDH1A1 expression (p<0.001) and both were found to have significant relationships with pathological diagnosis (including Gleason score), (p=0.006 and p<0.001 respectively). Moreover, it was also found that higher levels of cytoplasmic p63 were significantly associated with the frequency of proliferating cells and cells undergoing apoptosis in prostate cancers (p=0.001 and p=0.016 respectively). Conclusion: p63 cytoplasmic aberrance is associated with high ALDH1A1 expression. These components are suggested to have an important role in prostate cancer progression and may be used as molecular markers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2835-2838
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• 2013

Background: Prostate cancer features a substantial incidence and mortality burden, similarly to breast cancer, and it ranks among the top ten specific causes of death in males. Objective: To explore the situation of prostate cancer in a healthy population cohort in Eastern Nepal. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal from July 2010 to June 2011. Males above 50 years visiting the Surgical Outpatient Department in BPKIHS were enrolled in the study and screening camps were organized in four Teaching District Hospitals of BPKIHS, all in Eastern Nepal. Digital rectal examination (DRE) was conducted by trained professionals after collecting blood for assessment of serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA). Trucut biopsies were performed for all individuals with abnormal PSA/DRE findings. Results: A total of 1,521 males more than 50 years of age were assessed and screened after meeting the inclusion criteria. The vast majority of individuals, 1,452 (96.2%), had PSA ${\leq}4.0$ ng/ml. Abnormal PSA (>4 ng/ml) was found in 58 (3.8%). Abnormal DRE was found in 26 (1.72%). DRE and PSA were both abnormal in 26 (1.72%) individuals. On the basis of raised PSA or abnormal DRE 58 (3.84%) individuals were subjected to digitally guided trucut biopsy. Biopsy report revealed benign prostatic hyperplasia in 47 (3.11%) and adenocarcinoma prostate in 11 (0.73%). The specificity of DRE was 66.0%with a sensitivity of 90.9% and a positive predictive value of 38.5%. The sensitivity of PSA more than 4ng/ml in detecting carcinoma prostate was 100% and the positive predictive value for serum PSA was 19.0% Conclusions: The overall cancer detection rate in this study was 0.73% and those detected were locally advanced. Larger community-based studies are highly warranted specially among high-risk groups.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• 제33권47호
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• pp.303.1-303.10
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• 2018

Background: Cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) is an essential regulator of DNA replication and plays important roles in the activation and maintenance of the checkpoint mechanisms in the cell cycle. CDC6 has been associated with oncogenic activities in human cancers; however, the clinical significance of CDC6 in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether the CDC6 mRNA expression level is a diagnostic and prognostic marker in PCa. Methods: The study subjects included 121 PCa patients and 66 age-matched benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. CDC6 expression was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical (IH) staining, and then compared according to the clinicopathological characteristics of PCa. Results: CDC6 mRNA expression was significantly higher in PCa tissues than in BPH control tissues (P = 0.005). In addition, CDC6 expression was significantly higher in patients with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (> 20 ng/mL), a high Gleason score, and advanced stage than in those with low PSA levels, a low Gleason score, and earlier stage, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high expression of CDC6 was significantly associated with advanced stage (${\geq}T3b$) (odds ratio [OR], 3.005; confidence interval [CI], 1.212-7.450; P = 0.018) and metastasis (OR, 4.192; CI, 1.079-16.286; P = 0.038). Intense IH staining for CDC6 was significantly associated with a high Gleason score and advanced tumor stage including lymph node metastasis stage (linear-by-linear association, P = 0.044 and P = 0.003, respectively). Conclusion: CDC6 expression is associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics in PCa. CDC6 may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in PCa patients.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1729-1739
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• 2012

발효 한약의 안전성과 유효성을 평가하기 위하여 CNKI, PubMed, 국내 한의학 저널에서 2000년부터 2011년까지 이루어진 관련 연구를 검색하였다. 발효 한약에 대한 유효성을 검증하기 위한 11개의 무작위 대조군 임상 연구로 국내에서는 면역 기능과 심혈관 기능에 대한 연구가 있었고, 중국에서는 만성 천표성 위염을 비롯한 각종 질환에 대한 임상 연구가 이루어졌다. 그 외의 국가에서는 식도암이나 국소 면역 반응에 대하여 검증하였다. 결과, 발효 한약은 특정 질환에 있어 명백한 효과를 보이고 있으며 부작용 또한 발견되지 않았다. 따라서 발효 한약에 대한 지속적인 관심과 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.280-287
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to identify effects of lumbar curve support on back pain and comfort during bed rest after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Method: A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was used. All patients were diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia and underwent TURP. Twenty participants were assigned to the experimental group and twenty to the control group. After TURP, the lumbar curve of patients in the experimental group was supported using gel pads for 6 hours while the control group received the usual care with the both leg straight. The intensity of back pain and comfort levels were assessed on immediate return to the unit and for six hours following TURP. Bleeding complications were detected from hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Results: Support of lumbar curve was found to be significantly effective in reducing back pain. the need for analgesics was significantly less in the experimental group. Comfort levels were not significantly different between the two groups. There were no bleeding complications in either group. Conclusion: These results suggest that supporting of lumbar curve ameliorates back pain without causing an increased incidence of bleeding complications after TURP and this nursing intervention should help TURP patients to be more comfortable.