• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.14 no.2 s.42
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• pp.105-111
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• 2005

In this study, the photocatalytic degradtion of D-glucose with the micro channel reactor was performed on the various experimental conditions. To apply the $TiO_2$ coating on the micro channel reactor, $TiO_2$ solution was synthesized by hydrolysis of titanium oxysulfate. The feeding rate was proportional to degradation rate of D-glucose solution over the micro channel reactor. Also, the reaction rate constant and Langmuir adsorption coefficient were calculated under various experimental conditions. And the results of these system photonic efficiencies were calculated. This study aims to understand the photocatalytic degradation characteristics on $TiO_2$ coating in the micro channel reactor experimented by the feed batch reaction system.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.582-590
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• 2010

Garment design needs an iterative manipulation of 2D patterns to generate a final sloper. Traditionally there have been two kinds of design methodologies such as the flat pattern method and the pattern draping method. But today, it is possible to combine the advantages from the two methods due to the realistic cloth simulation techniques. We devised a new garment design system which starts from 3D initial drape simulation result and then modifies the garment by editing the 2D flat patterns synchronously. With this interactive methodology using real-time pattern deformation technique, the designer can freely change a pattern shape by watching its 3D outlook in real-time. Also the final garment data were given relative coordinates with respect to the human anthropometric feature points detected by an automatic body feature detection algorithm. Using the relative human body coordinate system, the final garments can be re-used to an arbitrary body data without repositioning in the drape simulation. A female shirt was used for an example and a 3D body scan data was used for an illustration of the feature point detection algorithm.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.161-165
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• 2001

The dietary fiber was extracted from apple pomace with various concentrations of acidic, alkaline solvents and water in $24.4{\sim}29.3%$ yield. The extractions of water-soluble dietary fiber with acidic(6.85%) and alkaline solvent(6.55%) were more effective than the water extraction(6.0%). The higher extraction yield was obtained with increased concentration of acidic or alkaline solvents. The content of galacturonic acid was higher in the order, 0.01 M HCl(77.5%)>0.05 M HCl(76.8%)>$H_2O(76.1%)$>0.05 M NaOH(73.8%)> 0.01 M NaOH(69.0%) and the extraction with acidic solvent showed the highest pectin yield. The color value increased by extraction with solvent in higher concentration. And at equal concentration, the color value of alkaline extract was higher than that of acidic exctract. There was no relationship between the color value and the extraction yield of dietary fiber. In the investigation on the rheological properties, the shear stress increased in proportion to galacturonic acid contents. While water-soluble dietary fiber extracted with acid and water represented Newtonian rheological properties, the alkaline extract was inclined to have converting property from pseudoplastic to Bingham pseudoplastic with increment of alkaline concentration. In the studies on the time-dependence of apparent viscosity, the thixotropic property with hysteresis loop was observed in alkaline extract.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.20-25
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• 2011

In this paper, two dimensional concrete slabs for a railroad bridge were analyzed by the specially orthotropic laminates theory. Both the geometrical and material property of the cross section of the slab was considered symmetrically with respect to the neutral surface so that the bending extension coupling stiffness, $B_{ij}$ = 0, and $D_{16}=D_{26}=0$ Bridge deck behaves as specially orthotropic plates. In general, the analytical solution for such complex systems is very difficult to obtain. Thus, finite difference method was used for analysis of the problem. In this paper, the finite difference method and the beam theory were used for analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

The 1R(Infra-Red) spectrum and PL(Photoluminescence) of the antiferromagnetic pure $MnF_2$ and the single crystal $MnF_2(1.5%\;EuF_3)$ with the rutile structures were measured. The detailed analysis of the measured PL data showed the differences of the optical property between the single crystal $MnF_2(1.5%\;EuF_3)$ and the pure $MnF_2$. It was found that the additional PL peak by the doping of the $EuF_3$ in $MnF_2$ is originated from the f-d transition of $Eu^{3+}$ from the temperature dependent intensity measurement.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.45-53
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• 2013

Many cases of strategically designed groundwater remediation have lack of information of hydraulic conductivity or permeability, which can render remediation methods inefficient. Many studies have been carried out to minimize this shortcoming by determining detailed hydraulic information either through direct or indirect measurements. One popular method for hydraulic characterization is the pilot point method (PPM), where the hydraulic property is estimated at a small number of strategically selected points using secondary measurements such as hydraulic head or tracer concentration. This paper adopted a D-optimality based pilot point method (DBM) developed previously for hydraulic head measurements and extended it to include both hydraulic head and tracer measurements. Based on different combinations of trials, our analysis showed that DBM performs well when hydraulic head is used for pilot point selection and both hydraulic head and tracer measurements are used for determining the conductivity values.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.23-29
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• 2014

Less power consumption, lower cost, smaller size and more functionality are the increasing demands for consumer electronic devices. The three dimensional(3-D) TSV packaging technology is the potential solution to meet this requirement because it can supply short vertical interconnects and high input/output(I/O) counts. Cu(Copper) has usually been chosen to fill the TSV because of its high conductivity, low cost and good compatibility with the multilayer interconnects process. However, the CTE mismatch and Cu ion drift under thermal stress can raise reliability issues. This study discribe the thermal stress reliability trend for successful implementation of 3-D packaging.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1996.09a
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• pp.117-124
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• 1996

When navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility it is necessary to be heard the whistle bell and/or the siren of lighthouses or ships at times. Even though we can get the brief informations about the property of sound the direction and range of a sound radiator it is not easy to get the accurate informations for decision making. generally the audio frequency is known as 16-20,000Hz but the earshot is shorten and discrimination of sound is more difficult when there is some noise. The sound pressure is 60dB at the moment when human speaks 1 meter away. Usually the noise pressure in a silent room is 40dB and 60dB on the quiet street. In this study we suggest the basic algorithm to trace the direction and range of the source radiator using the signal received through not a physical sense but the microphone sensors and a series of signal of signal processing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.71-79
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• 1996

When navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility, it is necessary to be heard the whistle, bell and/or the siren of lighthouses or ships at times. Even though we can get the brief informations about the property of sound, the direction and range of a sound radiator, it is not enough to get the accurate informations for decision making. Generally the audio frequency is known as 16~20, 000Hz, but the earshot is shorten and discrimination of sound is more difficult when there is some noise. The sound pressure is 60dB at the moment when human speaks 1 meter away. Usually the noise pressures are 40dB in a silent room and 60dB on the quiet street, respectively. It this study, the basic algorithm and a method of signal processing are suggested to trace the direction and range of the source radiator using the signals received through not a physical sense but the microphone sensors.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.902-914
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to provide useful information by analysis on mathematic classes for improve interactions between teacher and student using the Flanders Category System. For this, mathematic classes were observed by videotapes and recorded, 10 recorded videotapes were selected for analysis the property of linguistic interaction. The collected videotapes and records materials were transcribed by Advanced Flanders(AF) analysis program version 3.54. The detail investigated topics for studying are as follows. 1) What is the property of the Flanders 10 code analysis results? 2) What is the property of main and subsidiary linguistic flow of interaction? 3) What is the property of the Flanders index analysis results? The results of this study are as follow: 1) In Flanders 10 code analysis results, teacher's non-directive speaking is 12.76%, teacher's Indicative speaking is 50.28%, student's reactive speaking is 4.07%, student's voluntary speaking is 9.66%. 2) Among the 10 classes, 5 classes' main flow is 'ask convergent question ${\rightarrow}$ student's reactive speaking ${\rightarrow}$ lecture ${\rightarrow}$ ask convergent question', 2 classes' main flow is 'lecture ${\rightarrow}$ ask convergent question ${\rightarrow}$ student's reactive speaking ${\rightarrow}$ lecture', 3 classes' main and subsidiary flow is 'lecture ${\rightarrow}$ ask convergent question ${\rightarrow}$ lecture ${\rightarrow}$ work'. 3) In indices results, revised I/d ratio, student's speaking ratio, student question, wide answer ratio are higher than analysis standard and indirect ratio, teacher's question ratio are lower than analysis standard.