• BMB Reports
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.391-398
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• 2005

3-hydrogenwadaphnin (3-HK) is a new daphnane-type diterpene ester isolated from Dendrostellera lessertii with strong anti-tumoral activity in animal models and in cultures. Here, prolonged effects of this new agent on proliferation and viability of several different cancerous cell lines were evaluated. Using [$^3H$]thymidine incorporation, it was found that the drug inhibited cell proliferation and induced G1/S cell cycle arrest in leukemic cells 24 h after a single dose treatment. The cell viability of Jurkat cells was also decreased by almost 10%, 31% and 40% after a single dose treatment (7.5 nM) at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The drug-treated cells were stained with acridine orange/ethidium bromide to document the chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. These observations were further confirmed by detection of DNA laddering pattern in the agarose gel electrophoresis of the extracted DNA from the treated cells. Treatment of K562 cells with the drug at 7.5, 15 and 30 nM caused apoptosis in 25%, 45% and 65% of the cells, respectively. Exogenous addition of $25-50\;{\mu}M$ guanosine and/or deoxyguanosine to the cell culture of the drug-treated cells restored DNA synthesis, released cell arrest at G1/S checkpoint and decreased the apoptotic cell death caused by the drug. These observations were not made using adenosine. However, the drug effects on K562 cells were potentiated by hypoxanthine. Based on these observations, perturbation of GTP metabolism is considered as one of the main reasons for apoptotic cell death by 3-HK.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2005

국내의 NaCl 함유한 부존자원중 버섯배지화 하기 위하여 내염성 느타리버섯 균주를 선발하고, 선발된 균주를 NaCl 함유 톱밥배지에서 재배하여 생장 및 형태적 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가. 느타리 버섯 64품종중 NaCl이 3% 첨가한 PDA 배지에서 김제 10호, 농기2-1호, 명월, 병느타리1호, 부평소엽1호, 삼복, 춘추2호 등이 다른품종에 비해 균사생장 및 균사밀도가 양호하였다. 나. 명월은 NaCl 0.5%, 김제10호, 부평소엽1호는 1.0%, 농기2-1호, 병느타리1호, 삼복, 춘추느타리 2호는 1.5%까지 자실체 형성이 가능하였다. 다. 톱밥배지에서 염농도가 높아질수록 배양기간이 길어졌으며 대가 짧아지고 가늘어졌으며 수량이 감소했다. 라. 배지내에 NaCl 함량이 높아질수록 버섯의 $K_2O$, CaO 흡수능은 감소되었으며 자실체내의 NaCl함량은 배지내 NaCl농도가 높을수록 증가하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1487-1494
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• 2015

Background: To investigate the clinical efficacy of expanded activated autologous lymphocytes (EAAL) in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Materials and Methods: A total of 32 SCLC patients were selected and randomly divided into EAAL treatment and control groups, 16 cases in each. EAAL were obtained by proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients followed by phenotype determination. Clinical data of all patients were recorded. Patients of both groups were followed up and the overall survival (OS) were compared retrospectively. Results: After culture and proliferation in vitro, the percentages of $CD3^+$, $CD3^+CD8^+$, $CD45RO^+$, $CD28^+$, $CD29^+$, $CD8^+CD28^+$ and $CD3^+CD16^+/CD56^+$ cells increased markedly (p<0.05). The OS of the EAAL treatment group was longer than that of control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.060, HR=0.487, 95%CI 0.228~1.037). 1- to 3-year survival rates in EAAL treatment group were longer than those in control group, but there was still no significant difference (p>0.05). COX multivariate regression analysis showed that the number of chemotherapy cycles and the application of EAAL immunotherapy were independent prognostic factors for SCLC patients. The OS in females and chemotherapy${\leq}6$ cycles were obviously prolonged after EAAL immunotherapy. Conclusions: In vitro induction and proliferation of EAAL is easy and biologically safe. Generally, EAAL adoptive immunotherapy can evidently prolong the OS of SCLC patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.987-991
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• 2013

Aim: To study anti-tumor effects of exosomes from class II transactivator (CIITA) gene transfected CT26 cells. Methods: In this study, we established an MHC class II molecule-expressing murine colon cancer cell line (CT26-CIITA) by transduction of the CIITA gene. Immune effects in vitro and tumor protective results in vivo were tested and monitored. Results: Exosomes from CT26-CIITA cells were found to contain a high level of MHC class II protein. When loaded on dendritic cells (DCs), exosomes from CT26-CIITA cells significantly increased expression of MHC class II molecules, CD86 and CD80, as compared to exosomes from CT26 cells. In vitro assays using co-culture of immunized splenocytes and exosome-loaded DCs demonstrated that CIITA-Exo enhanced splenocyte proliferation and IFN-${\gamma}$ production of CD4+T cells, while inhibiting IL-10 secretion. In addition, compared to exosomes from CT26 cells, CT26-CIITA-derived exosomes induced higher TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-12 mRNA levels. A mouse tumour preventive model showed that CT26-CIITA derived exosomes significantly inhibited tumour growth in a dose-dependent manner and significantly prolonged the survival time of tumour-bearing mice. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that CT26-CIITA-released exosomes are more efficient to induce anti-tumour immune responses, suggesting a potential role of MHC class II-containing tumour exosomes as cancer vaccine candidates.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2018

Objectives We analyzed the trends of government-funded research on Kampo medicine in Japan to provide advanced evidence to R&D support policy for Korean medicine, and to introduce new research fields and trends to the researchers. Methods We reviewed the researches on Kampo medicine through 'research-er.jp' and 'KAKEN' database which contain R&D status in Japan and scientific research funding project issued by the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Results Since 1976, government-funded research on Kampo medicine has been continuously announced, and now 533 tasks have been completed or are in progress. The average duration of the study is 2.54 years, but it has been prolonged to 3.52 years in recent years. 4~5 million yen was supported per project for laboratory research, and an average of 44,342 thousand yen was supported per project for specialized laboratory research and clinical research. Conclusions Despite the absence of systematically supporting departments, the researches on Kampo medicine in Japan were qualitatively superior since they focused on providing the scientific basis for clinical application. As competition in the world's traditional medicine market becomes more intense, it is necessary to improve the competitiveness of Korean medicine. Therefore, a keen interest in Korean medicine and active support from the government is needed.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Objective: We examined the antimetastatic effect of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe (CZ) on pulmonary metastasis of B 16 cells. Methods: For 6 weeks, Zedoariae Rhizoma made from dried CZ were dissolved in distilled water and administered to mice 2 weeks before they were injected with B]6 melanoma cells. Mice were given CZ at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, and were compared for lung weight, survival days, and NO production. Results: Intake of CZ throughout the experiment extended the average survival time. Intake after B16 cell injection slightly prolonged survival time, but intake before B]6 cell injection did not influence life span. We examined the effect of CZ on macrophage function by measuring NO production. After the macrophages were given CZ for 6 weeks, the amount of NO generated by the macrophages stimulated with LPS in culture medium increased. NO generated by the macrophages also served as a cytotoxic factor against B16 melanoma cells. B16 melanoma-conditioned medium reduced NO production by macrophages. However, CZ treatment reversed the reduction in NO production by the conditioned medium significantly. Conclusion : These findings may suggest that macrophage function-modulating activity by CZ appears to underlie its antimetastatic activity, which leads to a decrease in the number of lung metastatic surface nodules and the extension of life span.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.334-340
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• 2003

In order to fabricate new sustained delivery device of nerve growth factor (NGF), we developed NGF-loaded biodegradable poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA, the mole ratio of lactide to glycolide 75:25, molecular weight: 83,000 and 43,000 g/mole, respectively) film by novel and simple sandwich solvent casting method for the possibility of the application of neural tissue engineering. PLGA was copolymerized by direct condensation reaction and the molecular weight was controlled by reaction time. Released behavior of NGF from NGF-loaded films was characterized by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and degradation characteristics were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The bioactivity of released NGF was identified using a rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cell based bioassay. The release of NGF from the NGF-loaded PLGA films was prolonged over 35 days with zero-order rate of 0.5-0.8 ng NGF/day without initial burst and could be controlled by the variations of molecular weight and NGF loading amount. After 7 days NGF released in phosphate buffered saline and PC-12 cell cultured on the NGF-loaded PLGA film for 3 days. The released NGF stimulated neurite sprouting in cultured PC-12 cells, that is to say, the remained NGF in the NGF/PLGA film at 37 $^{\circ}C$ for 7 days was still bioactive. This study suggested that NGF-loaded PLGA sandwich film is released the desired period in delivery system and useful neuronal growth culture as nerve contact guidance tube for the application of neural tissue engineering.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2010

Ischemic stroke, a major cause of death and disability worldwide, is caused by occlusion of cerebral arteries that, coupled with or without reperfusion, results in prolonged ischemia (hypoxia and hypoglycemia) and, ultimately, brain damage. In this study, we examined whether methanol extract of the whole plant of Cassia mimosoides var. nomame Makino that grows naturally in Korea, as well as Japan and China, and some of its fractions obtained by partitioning with organic solvents could protect human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) under hypoxic condition by inhibiting apoptosis. We also investigated if these extracts could attenuate brain damage in a rat model of 2 hr of ischemia, generated by middle cerebral artery occlusion, and 22 hr of reperfusion. The whole extract ($100{\mu}g$/mL) maintained the cell number at more than half of that initially plated, even after 24 hr of cell culture under hypoxic condition (3% $O_2$). In the absence of the whole extract, almost all of the cells were dead by this time point. This improvement of cell viability came from a delay of apoptosis, which was confirmed by observing the timing of the formation of a DNA ladder when assessed by gel electrophoresis. Of fractions soluble in hexane, ethyl acetate (EA), butanol and water, EA extracts were selected for the animal experiments, as they improved cell viability at the lowest concentration ($10{\mu}g$/mL). The whole extract (200 mg/kg) and EA extract (10 and 20 mg/kg) significantly reduced infarct size, a measure of brain damage, by 34.7, 33.8 and 45.2.0%, respectively, when assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. The results suggest that intake of Cassia mimosoides var. nomame Makino might be beneficial for preventing ischemic stroke through inhibition of brain cell apoptosis.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.209-217
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• 1990

Aspergillus niger에 있어서 여러가지 섬유질 기질이 세포내외의 섬유질 분해효소계의 생합성 및 동질효소의 양상에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Cellulase 및 xylanase 효소계의 생합성은 사용된 기질에 따라 큰 차이가 있었으며, 특히 cellulase 효소계의 CMCase와 ${\beta}-glucosidase$는 혼합기질의 사용시 효소활성이 증진되는 기질의 공조효과를 보였다. 또한 기질에 따라 섬유질분해효소계 동질효소의 생성 양상이 다르게 나타났으나 세포내외간 동질효소 양상의 차이는 발견되지 않았으며 배양시간에 따른 동질효소의 변화도 없었다. 이러한 결과들은 A. niger의 cellulase 및 xylanase효소계의 생합성은 기질에 의한 효소의 유도 수준에서 상호 연관적으로 조절되어짐을 보여주며, 세포외 효소에서 나타나는 multiple-isozyme의 형성이 합성되어진 효소의 post-secretional modification에 의한 결과라기 보다는 각각의 유전자 발현 결과에 의한 것임을 시사한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.595-608
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• 2021

본 연구는 장기화된 팬데믹 상황에서 COVID-19관련 환자를 돌보는 간호사들의 직무스트레스와 회복탄력성이 소진에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 간호사 162명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 배포하여 분석하였고, 직무스트레스의 보상부적절, 직무요구, 직장문화, 회복탄력성의 철학적 패턴, 관계적 패턴이 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다. 직무스트레스와 회복탄력성이 소진에 미치는 효과를 단계적다중회귀분석 방법으로 파악한 결과 최종적으로 유의한 변수는 직무스트레스였다. 간호사의 소진은 간호서비스 질 저하, 병원 경쟁력의 감소, 나아가 방역체제에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 이에, 본 연구는 간호사의 처우 및 근무환경 개선 등 적절한 보상의 정책적인 지원이 필요함을 제언한다.