• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2006

The issue with the drainpipe now a day is that they are laid underground. Causing us to perform additional work to repair, such as digging up the ground and peeling off the insulator that surrounds the pipe. And such series works are difficult that concession appears from government and municipal office. However, if we can save time and money. Performance of piping robot that we are studied in existing session through fixing unit and improvement of cutting bit shorten and wished to heighten work efficiency. And we are trying to develop a unit that can cut up the projecting parts which connects with the interior part of the drainpipes.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to classify the body types based on the side view. The subjects are 404 Korean and Mongolian women within the 18 to 24 age group. From the results of comparing 28 items of indirect photometric measurements, 15 items were shown to have significant differences. Mongolian women were larger in values for 13 items than were Korean women except two items, which are back projecting point height and abdominal projecting point height. The silhouette of Korean women's front body looks completely different from Mongolian women's. Especially, Mongolian women's fore-breast part is much thicker than that of Korean women. The result of analysing the indirect photometric measurement of 4 types which were previously classified by the direct measurements and index values is as follows; Type 1 is normal type, type 2 is lordosis type, type 3 is swayback type, and finally type 4 is flatback type. The groups of each of the 4 types are further divided into Korean and Mongolian women. Judging from their body types based on the side view, it seems clear that significant differences exist between Korean and Mongolian women's side body shapes in the thickness of their breast part.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2003

This experimental studies was to investigate the location of PNS and CNS labeled neurons following injection of 2% WGA-HRP and pseudorabies virus (PRY), Bartha strain, into the ductus deferens of rats. After survival times 4-5 days following injection of 2% WGA-HRP and PRV, the rats were perfused, and their brain, spinal cord, sympathetic ganglia and spinal ganglia were frozen sectioned ($30{\mu}m$). These sections were stained by HRP histochemical and PRY inummohistochemical staining methods, and observed with light microscope. The results were as follows ; 1. The location of sympathetic ganglia projecting to the ductus deferens were observed in pelvic ganglion, inferior mesenteric ganglion and L1-6 lwnbar sympathetic ganglia. 2. The location of spinal ganglia projecting to the ductus deferens were observed in T13-L6 spinal ganglia. 3. The PRY labeled neurons projecting to the ductus deferens were observed in lateral spinal nucleus, lamina I, II and X of cervical segments. In thoracic segments, PRY labeled neurons were observed in dorsomedial part of lamina I, II and III, and dorsolateral part of lamina IV and V. Densely labeled neurons were observed in intermediolateral nucleus. In first lumbar segment, labeled neurons were observed in intermediolateral nucleus and dorsal commisural nucleus. In sixth lumbar segment and sacral segments, dense labeled neurons were observed in sacral parasympathetic nuc., lamina IX and X. 4. In the medulla oblongata, PRV labeled neurons projecting to the ductus deferens were observed in the trigeminal spinal nuc., A1 noradrenalin cells/C1 adrenalin cells/caudoventrolateral reticular nuc., rostroventrolateral reticular nuc., area postrema, nuc. tractus solitarius, raphe obscurus nuc., raphe pallidus nuc., raphe magnus nuc., parapyramidal nuc., lateral reticular nuc., gigantocellular reticular nuc.. 5. In the pons, PRV labeled neurons projecting to the ductus deferens were ohserved in parabrachial nuc., Kolliker-Fuse nuc., locus cooruleus, subcooruleus nuc. and AS noradrenalin cells. 6. In midbrain, PRV labeled neurons projecting to the ductus deferens were observed in periaqueductal gray substance, substantia nigra and dorsal raphe nuc.. 7. In the diencephalon, PRV labeled neurons projecting to the ductus deferens were observed in paraventricular hypahalamic nuc., lateral hypothalamic nuc., retrochiasmatic nuc. and ventromedial hypothalamic nuc.. 8. In cerebrum, PRV labeled neurons projecting to the ductus deferens were observed in area 1 of parietal cortex. These results suggest that WGA-HRP labeled neurons of the spinal cord projecting to the rat ductus deferens might be the first-order neurons related to the viscero-somatic sensory and sympathetic postganglionic neurons, and PRV labeled neurons of the brain and spinal cord may be the second and third-order neurons response to the movement of smooth muscles in ductus deferens. These PRV labeled neurons may be central autonomic center related to the integration and modulation of reflex control linked to the sensory and motor system monitaing the internal environment. These observations provide evidence for previously unknown projections from ductus deferens to spinal cord and brain which may be play an important neuroanatornical basic evidence in the regulation of ductus deferens function.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.89-102
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• 2003

Objective: The expression of CRF(corticotropin releasing factor), CRF-R(receptor) and CRF-BP(binding protein) in CNS neurons projecting to the stomach and ST36 using the pseudorabies virus in the rat was investigated. Methods: After survival times of 5 days following injection of PRV-Ba-Gal, The thirty rats were perfused, and their brain were frozen sectioned($30{\mu}m$). These sections were stained by PRV-Ba-Gal histochemical staining method and(or) CRF, CRF-R and CRF-BP immunohistochemical method. The common expressed areas of the brain projecting to the stomach and zusanli(ST36) following injection of PRV-Ba-Gal were observed with light microscope. Results: 1) The dense accumulation of CRF-immunoreactive terminals is seen in the area postrema, n. tractus solitarius, external zone of the median eminence, with some immunoreactive CRF also present in the internal zone. 2) Aggregates of CRF-R immunoreactive perikarya are found in area postrema, n. tractus solitarius, lateral reticular n., gigantocellular reticular n., locus coeruleues, paraventricular n. of hypothalamus, median eminence, preoptic n., arcuate n. and hind limb area of cerebral cortex. 3) Aggregates of CRF-BP immunoreactive perikarya are found in area postrema, n. tractus solitarius, lateral reticular nucleus, gigantocellular reticular n., locus coeruleues, paraventricular n. of hypothalamus, median eminence and arcuate n.. Conclusions : These results suggest that PRV-Ba-Gal labeled areas projecting to stomach and ST36 may be related to the central autonomic pathways. A part of CNS neurons projecting to the stomach and ST36 were related to expression of CRF, CRF-R and CRF-BP related to the stress in central autonomic center.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1166-1169
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• 2003

The issue with the drainpipe now a day is that they are laid underground Causing us to perform additional work to repair, such as digging up the ground and peeling off the insulator that surrounds the pipe. And such series works are difficult that concession appears from government and municipal office. However, if we can save time and money. Performance of piping robot that we are studied in existing session through fixing unit and improvement of cutting byte shorten and wished to heighten work efficiency. This is why we aye trying to develop a unit that can cut up the projecting parts which connects with the interior part of the drainpipes.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.143-148
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• 2003

The issue with the drainpipe now a day is that they are laid underground. Causing us to perform additional work to repair, such as digging up the ground and peeling off the insulator that surrounds the pipe. And such series works are difficult that concession appears from government and municipal office. However, if we can save time and money. Performance of piping robot that we are studied in existing session through fixing unit and improvement of cutting byte shorten and wished to heighten work efficiency. This is why we are trying to develop a unit that can cut up the projecting parts which connects with the interior part of the drainpipes.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.15-35
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop brassiere pattern designed to fit the breast shapes based on ESMOD pattern. It has three quarters cup round shape and also consists of three parts; upper cup, lower cup, and wings. Breast types are classified into five shapes; ideal breast, flat breast, upper developed breast, lower developed breast, and projecting breast. Two subjects for each breast type wore the brassiere, and they evaluated the appearance and wearing twice. Type I for research pattern designed to fit into the breast shape reflecting details of breast size were assessed as superior to the divided commercial type. However, wings' tightness of Type I for research pattern brassiere was high. Thus, to improve wearing satisfaction, extra was added to wing. Based on the results of wearing experiments of Type I for research, we adjusted and modified Type II for research pattern. Subsequently, its appearance and wearing were evaluated, in order to be improved. For upper developed breast pattern, we extended the length of lower part to balance upper and lower part, as the upper part was somewhat long. The lower developed breast has the closest feature to the ideal breast, suggestive that implies it does not require much improvement Projecting breast pattern has minimal space in the lower part, so we added the support to lift them to be similar to the ideal breasts. For all the breast shapes, we reduced the wings' tightness from 8% to 7% so that we could extend the length of the wings.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.805-817
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• 2009

This study was to investigate central localization of neurons projecting to the urinary bladder and urinary bladder-related acupoints(Wijung, $BL_{40}$) and neurons of immunoreactive to hormones and hormone receptors regulating urinary bladder function by using peudorabies virus(PRV). In this experiment, Bartha's strain of pseudorabies virus was used in rats to trace central localization of urinary bladder-related neurons and urinary bladder-related acupoints($BL_{40}$) which can regulate urinary system. PRV was injected into the urinary bladder and acupoints($BL_{40}$) related urinary system. After six days survival of rats, mainly common labeled neurons projecting to the urinary bladder and urinary bladder-related acupoints were identified in spinal cord, medulla, pons and diencephalon by PRV immunohistochemical staining method. First-order PRV labeled neurons projecting to urinary bladder and urinary bladder-related acupoints were found in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral spinal cord. Commonly labeled preganglionic neurons were labeled in the lumbosacral spinal cord and thoracic spinal cord. They were found in the lateral horn area(sacral parasympathetic nucleus and intermediolateral nucleus), lamina V-X, intermediomedial nucleus and dorsal column area. The area of sensory neurons projecting to urinary bladder and Wijung($BL_{40}$) was L5-S2 spinal ganglia and T12-L1 spinal ganglia, respectively. In the brainstem, the neurons were labeled most evidently and consistently in the nucleus of tractus solitarius, area postrema, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve, reticular nucleus, raphe nuclei(obscurus, magnus and pallidus), C3 adrenalin cells, parapyramidal area(lateral paragigantocellular nucleus), locus coeruleus, subcoeruleus nucleus, A5 cell group, Barrington's nucleus and periaqueductal gray matter. In the diencephalon, PRV labeled neurons were marked mostly in the paraventricular nucleus and a few ones were in the lateral hypothalamic nucleus, posterior hypothalamic nucleus, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, arcuate nucleus, median eminence, perifornical nucleus, periventricular nucleus and suprachiasmatic nucleus. In cerebral cortex, PRV labeled neurons were marked mostly in the frontal cortex, 1,2 area, hind limb area, agranular insular cortex. Immunoreactive neurons to Corticotropin releasiing factor(CRF), Corticotropin releasiing factor-receptor(CRF-R), c-fos and serotonin were a part of labeled areas among the virus-labeled neurons of urinary bladder and Wijung($BL_{40}$). The commonly labeled areas were nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema, reticular nucleus, raphe nuclei(obscurus, magnus and pallidus), locus coeruleus, A5 cell group, Barrington,s nucleus, arcuate nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, frontal cortex 1, 2 area, hind limb, and perirhinal(agranular insular) cortex. These results suggest that overlapped CNS locations are related with autonomic nuclei which regulate the functions of urinary bladder-relate organs and it was revealed by tracing PRV labeled neurons projecting urinary bladder and urinary bladder-related acupoints. These commonly labeled areas often overlap with the neurons connected with hormones and hormone receptors related to urination.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.58-71
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• 1997

In order to the location and local arrangement of nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers projecting to the meridian points related to facial nerve paralysis in the rat using the neural tracers, CTB and WGA-HRP, labeled neurons the were investigated by immunohistochemical and HRP histochemical methods following injection of 2.5% WGA-HRP and 1% CTB into Hyopko$(S_6)$. Chichang$(S_4)$, Sugu$(GV_{26})$, Sajukkong$(TE_{23})$ and Yangbaek$(G_{14})$. Following injection of Hyopko$(S_6)$, Chichang$(S_4)$, labeled motor neurons were founded in facial nucleus, trigeminal motor nucleus, reticular nucleus and hypoglossal nucleus. labeled sensory neurons were founded in trigeminal ganglia and $C_{1-2}$ spinal ganglia. sympathetic motor neurons were found in superior cervical ganglia. Sensory fibers labeled in brainstem were found in mesencephalic trigeminal tract, sensory root of trigeminal nerve, oral, interpolar and caudal part of trigeminal nucleus, area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarius, lateral reticular nucleus and $C_{1-2}$ spinal ganglia. Following injection of Sugu$(GV_{26})$, labeled motor neurons were founded in facial nucleus. Labeled sensory neurons were founded in trigeminal ganglia and $C_{1-2}$ spinal ganglia. Sympathetic motor neurons were found in superior cervical ganglia. Sensory fibers labeled in brainstem were found in spinal trigeminal tract, trigeminal motor nucleus, mesencephalic trigeminal tract, oral. interpolar and caudal parts of trigeminal nucleus, area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarius, lateral reticular nucleus, dorsal part of reticular part and $C_{1-2}$ spinal ganglia. Following injection of Sajukkong$(TE_{23})$ and Yangbaek$(G_{14})$, labeled motor neurons were founded in facial nucleus, trigeminal motor nucleus. Labeled sensory neurons were founded in trigeminal ganglia and $C_{1-2}$ spinal ganglia. sympathetic motor neurons were found in superior cervical ganglia. Sensory fibers labeled in brainstem were found in oral, interpolar and caudal parts of trigeminal nucleus, area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarius, inferior olovary nucleus, medullary reticular field and lamina I-IV of $C_{1-2}$ spinal cord. Location of nerve cell body and nerve fibers projecting to the meridian points related to the facial nerve paralysis in the rats were found in facial nucleus and trigeminal motor nucleus. Sensory neurone were found in trigeminal ganglia and $C_{1-2}$ spinal ganglia. Sympathetic motor neurons were found in superior cervical ganglia. Sensory fibers labeled in brainstem were found in mesencephalic trigeminal tract, oral, interpolar and caudal parts of trigeminal nucleus, area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarius. lateral reticular nucleus, medullary reticular field.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2021

We propose a wheel screen type Lamina 3D display, which realizes a 3D image that can satisfy the accommodation cue by projecting volumetric images encoded by varying polarization states to a multilayered screen. The proposed system is composed of two parts: an encoding part that converts depth information to states of polarization and a decoding part that projects depth images to the corresponded diffusing layer. Though the basic principle of Lamina displays has already been verified by previous studies, those schemes suffered from a bottleneck of inferior resolution of the 3D image due to the blurring on the surfaces of diffusing layers in the stacked volume. In this paper, we propose a new structure to implement the decoding part by adopting a form of the wheel screen. Experimental verification is also provided to support the proposed principle.