• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.161-170
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• 2019

Multi-product mass production small and medium enterprise factories have a wide variety of products and a large number of products, wasting manpower and expenses for inventory management. In addition, there is no way to check the status of inventory in real time, and it is suffering economic damage due to excess inventory and shortage of stock. There are many ways to build a real-time data collection environment, but most of them are difficult to afford for small and medium-sized companies. Therefore, smart factories of small and medium enterprises are faced with difficult reality and it is hard to find appropriate countermeasures. In this paper, we implemented the contents of extension of existing inventory management method through character extraction on label with barcode and QR code, which are widely adopted as current product management technology, and evaluated the effect. Technically, through preprocessing using OpenCV for automatic recognition and classification of stock labels and barcodes, which is a method for managing input and output of existing products through computer image processing, and OCR (Optical Character Recognition) function of Google vision API. And it is designed to recognize the barcode through Zbar. We propose a method to manage inventory by real-time image recognition through Raspberry Pi without using expensive equipment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.263-269
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• 2021

Growth and fruit characteristics of 'Duke' highbush blueberry by mixture of different organic matters in soil were investigated. The soil acidity was 4.2 to 4.8, sawdust treatment was the highest, and peat soil and peatmoss treatments were similar. The organic matter content of the soil was 2.5% for sawdust and 4.1% for soil with peatmoss and peat soil. The soil hardness of all treatment was found to be about 1 ~ 5 kgf cm^-2 which was suitable for growing crops. The number of suckers and main stems were high in the order of peat soil, peatmoss, sawdust treatment. In addition, the blueberry plants in the peatmoss and peat soil treatments had thicker and longer suckers and more shoots than those in the sawdust treatment. Among the characteristics of fruit, there was no statistical difference between the organic materials treatment in weight, diameter, length, and hardness of fruit. However, the total soluble solid and fruit yield were high in the order of peat soil, peatmoss, sawdust treatment. Therefore, as a result of comprehensively reviewing the characteristics of growth and fruits according to the soil environment, it was determined that peatmoss could be replaced with peat soil for stable production in domestic blueberry cultivation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

Unlike conventional online shopping malls that handle simple product sales, customization services have to be provided with a user-centered and smooth customizable work environment because of differences that buyers have to customize themselves. To study the ease of use of T-shirt customization web GUI, three websites that provide T-shirt customization services were selected to analyze the current status of T-shirt customization websites. Through prior research, we establish the evaluation principle as consistency and clarity, operability, feedback, coping with errors, sharing and ease of search. Based on this, the T-shirt customization web GUI design guidelines were drafted and three delphi surveys were conducted on GUI-related experts to prove the validity of the web GUI guidelines evaluation items that are effective in customizing T-shirts. This study is expected to contribute to increasing the production and usability of the T-shirt customization web and to be used as an effective reference for customization web GUI design.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1819-1826
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• 2020

Increasing evidence suggests a potential role of microbial colonization in the inception of chronic airway diseases. However, it is not clear whether the lung and gut microbiome dysbiosis is coincidental or a result of mutual interaction. In this study, we investigated the airway microbiome in interleukin 13 (IL-13)-rich lung environment and related alterations of the gut microbiome. IL-13-overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice presented enhanced eosinophilic inflammatory responses and mucus production, together with airway hyperresponsiveness and subepithelial fibrosis. While bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and cecum samples obtained from 10-week-old IL-13 TG mice and their C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) littermates showed no significant differences in alpha diversity of lung and gut microbiome, they presented altered beta diversity in both lung and gut microbiota in the IL-13 TG mice compared to the WT mice. Lung-specific IL-13 overexpression also altered the composition of the gut as well as the lung microbiome. In particular, IL-13 TG mice showed an increased proportion of Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria and a decreased amount of Bacteroidetes in the lungs, and depletion of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in the gut. The patterns of polymicrobial interaction within the lung microbiota were different between WT and IL-13 TG mice. For instance, in IL-13 TG mice, lung Mesorhizobium significantly affected the alpha diversity of both lung and gut microbiomes. In summary, chronic asthma-like pathologic changes can alter the lung microbiota and affect the gut microbiome. These findings suggest that the lung-gut microbial axis might actually work in asthma.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.210-221
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• 2020

This research was executed to select beneficial antagonists from digestive organ of Allomyrina dichotoma larva that can be put on environment friendly control against phytopathogenic fungi. We screened 38 bacterial strains inhibiting mycelial growth against eight plant pathogens through dual culture assay. The 10 strains among 38 bacterial strains were selected as beneficial microbes showing antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Colletotrichum acutatum and Phytophthora capsici through under greenhouse pot trials. The 10 bacterial strains that shown strongest antifungal activity were classified into 3 genera and 10 species, and identified as the genus Bacillus (DM146, DM152, DH2, and DH16), Paenibacillus (DF30, DH14, and DM142) and Streptomyces (DF137, DM48, and DH92) by morphological characteristics and 16s rRNA gene sequence. The 10 bacterial strains had solubilizing activity of insoluble phosphates, production of IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), β-1,3-glucanase and protease. Among the 10 bacterial strains, DM152 strain was produced significant enhancement of all growth parameters of chili pepper and tomato seedlings under greenhouse condition. Thus, this study demonstrated that gut microbes of Allomyrina dichotoma larva will be useful as a potential biocontrol agent against plant pathogens and biofertilizer.

• Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.744-753
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• 2018

The Stockholm Convention, which was adopted in Sweden in 2001 to protect human health and the environment, includes regulations for Persistent Organic Pollutant Rotors such as toxic and bioaccumulatives. Currently, there are 28 types of materials. This prohibits and limits the production, use, and manufacture of products. Korea is a member of the Convention, and it is necessary to prepare management and treatment plans to address the POP trends. Thus, we experimentally investigate whether the environmentally stable incineration is achieved when the sample is thermally treated using the Lab-scale (1 kg/hr). The target samples is pesticides in liquid phase and solid phase. In this study, organic chlorinated pesticides and their thermal characteristics were analyzed. We calculated the theoretical air volume based on the element analysis results. Because the interior of the reactor is small, more than 10 times of the air ratio was injected. The retention time was set to at least 4 seconds using a margin. The incineration temperature was $850^{\circ}C$ and $1100^{\circ}C$. Thus, we experimentally investigated whether the environmentally stable incineration was achieved when the sample was thermally treated using the Lab-scale (1 kg/hr). We analyzed five types of exhaust gas; the 02 concentration was high, but the CO amount decreased. Complete combustion is difficult because of the small size of the furnace due to the nature of Lab-scale. The organic chlorine-containing pesticide had an average decomposition rate of 99.9935%. Considering the decomposition rates of organic chlorine-containing pesticide in this study, the incineration treatment at over 2 ton/hour, which is typical for a conventional incinerator, is possible. Considering the occurrence of dioxins and unintentional persistent organic pollutants, it can operate at more than $1,100^{\circ}C$.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.59
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• pp.359-386
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• 2015

To date, the study of the $jh{\bar{a}}peti$ is small. "Osamnanyasinhakbiyoung" was found in the Gumamodo University in 2006, research has gained a new opportunity. The '연약(練若)' of "Osamyunyaksinhakbiyoung(오삼연약신학비용)" is an abbreviation of ara?ya should be unified in "Osamnanyasinhakbiyoung(五衫練若新學備用)". The second volume contains the following information. Since the Buddhist ritual of ordinary people, this made according to fit the rules in accordance with the environment(隨方毗尼). Obok(五服) is called according to the meaning Osam(五衫) of dressed standard. Gamguhyodangdo is to install one incense and one lanterns to illuminate their own buddha, is where enshrines the relics(śarīra). Back to the article, which should show the face bitter and sad hearts. Over white paper it should represent an article. Posts containing the meaning of the sacrifice must necessarily meant to inform heaven as articles for the dead. Such "Osamnanyasinhakbiyoung" of structure and contents of the second volume was reflected in "Sungmoonsanguicho(釋門喪儀抄)". "Osamnanyasinhakbiyoung" written intent is reflected in the prolegomena of the "Sungmoonsanguicho" it influenced $Jh{\bar{a}}peti$-Rites during the Joseon Dynasty. "Osamnanyasinhakbiyoung" of prepare after death and "Sunksiyoram(釋氏要覽)" of funeral was incorporated as "Sungmoonsanguicho". It built the $st{\bar{u}}pa$ is a symbol of tranquility achieved a kind of enlightenment. Human life ends with death, and it completed the $Jh{\bar{a}}peti$-Rites in "Sungmoonsanguicho". The significance here is in. Tying the funeral and burial in one enshrine the relics will be shown on the top by the completion of life. In particular, Kankyungdogam(刊經都監) published in the $Jh{\bar{a}}peti$-Rites "Osamnanyasinhakbiyoung" were engraved production and dissemination. That it will have another significance.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.525-532
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• 2021

Objective: Old World camels are a valuable genetic resource for many countries around the world due to their adaptation to the desert environment. At present, Old World camels have encountered the challenge of unprecedented loss of genetic resources. Through our research, we would reveal the population structure and genetic variation in Old World camel populations, which provides a theoretical basis for understanding the germplasm resources and origin and evolution of different Old World camel populations. Methods: In the present study, we assessed mtDNA control region sequences of 182 individuals from Old World camels to unravel genetic diversity, phylogeography, and demographic dynamics. Results: Thirty-two haplotypes confirmed by 54 polymorphic sites were identified in the 156 sequences, which included 129 domestic and 27 wild Bactrian camels. Meanwhile, 14 haplotypes were defined by 47 polymorphic sites from 26 sequences in the dromedaries. The wild Bactrian camel population showed the lowest haplotype and nucleotide diversity, while the dromedaries investigated had the highest. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that there are several shared haplotypes in different Bactrian camel populations, and that there has been genetic introgression between domestic Bactrian camels and dromedaries. In addition, positive values of Tajima's D and Fu's Fs test demonstrated a decrease in population size and/or balancing selection in the wild Bactrian camel population. In contrast, the negative values of Tajima's D and Fu's Fs test in East Asian Bactrian camel populations explained the demographic expansion and/or positive selection. Conclusion: In summary, we report novel information regarding the genetic diversity, population structure and demographic dynamics of Old World camels. The findings obtained from the present study reveal that abundant genetic diversity occurs in domestic Bactrian camel populations and dromedaries, while there are low levels of haplotype and nucleotide diversity in the wild Bactrian camel population.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.319-331
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• 2021

Heat stress (HS) causes adverse impacts on pig production and health. A potential biomarker of HS is required to predict its occurrence and thereby better manage pigs under HS. Information about the saliva metabolome in heat-stressed pigs is limited. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of acute HS on the saliva metabolome and identify metabolites that could be used as potential biomarkers. Growing pigs (n = 6, 3 boars, and 3 gilts) were raised in a thermal neutral (TN; 25℃) environment for a 5-d adaptation period (CON). After adaptation, the pigs were first exposed to HS (30℃; HS30) and then exposed to higher HS (33℃; HS33) for 24 h. Saliva was collected after adaptation, first HS, and second HS, respectively, for metabolomic analysis using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Four metabolites had significantly variable importance in the projection (VIP > 1; p < 0.05) different levels in TN compared to HS groups from all genders (boars and gilts). However, sex-specific characteristics affected metabolites (glutamate and leucine) by showing the opposite results, indicating that HS was less severe in females than in males. A decrease in creatine levels in males and an increase in creatine phosphate levels in females would have contributed to a protective effect from protein degradation by muscle damage. The results showed that HS led to an alteration in metabolites related to energy and protein. Protection from muscle damage may be attributed to the alteration in protein-related metabolites. However, energy-related metabolites showed opposing results according to sex-specific characteristics, such as sex hormone levels and subcutaneous fat layer. This study had shown that saliva samples could be used as a noninvasive method to evaluate heat-stressed pigs. And the results in this study could be contributed to the development of a diagnostic tool as a noninvasive biomarker for managing heat-stressed pigs.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2020

Five varieties of mushrooms, including Sae-do, were examined using farm field tests to determine their morphological characteristics and quality by performing harvest flush. Considering the cultivation characteristics of the varieties studied, the parts related to mushroom generation and production showed almost similar characteristics. Overall, the mycelial forces were similar; however, in the evaluation of plantation tests performed by farmers, "saedo" was found to be the strongest and "saehan" was considered to be the weakest. Weights of fruiting bodies were related more for compost status and regimen of use than for breeding, and it was difficult to distinguish between the weights of fruiting bodies of the varieties studied. Regardless of the variety, pileus diameter, pileus thickness, and stem length of Dalseong-gun, Yongin-si, and Boryeong-si decreased as the harvest flush progressed. However, stem thickness tended to increase in the second and third flush compared to that in the first flush, regardless of the variety. However, the Gyeongju-si farms could not identify any trends attributable to varieties and harvest flushes. The pileus size and stem length of the fruiting bodies of varieties from Buyeo farms decreased with the progression of the harvest flush. However, pileus thickness and stem thickness did not show any specific tendency of growth among the varieties studied. The differences in the morphological characteristics of mushroom varieties in each harvest cycle are expected to be caused by differences in the supply of nutrients in the medium, the quality of the compost used, and the cultivation environment rather than the variety.