• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.715-722
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• 2004

The social culture critics say that the current situation of the boom in pretty men happened because stereotyped notions of sex roles have changed. However, no scientific study has been done as yet to support this theory. Therefore, this study analyzed the present situation and examined it from many different points of view. I asked 600 men to fill out the questionnaire: 300 from Daegu and the other 300 from Seoul. I analyzed four 461 of them. The inner/outer image of Korean males in their 20s was analyzed into seven factors, a positive image, a progressive image, an affirmative image, a sensible image, an exemplary image, a conscious image, and an active image. The demographic result based on the inner/outer image factors showed a significant difference in ages for a sensible image, a conscious image, and an active image.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 1999

The purpose of this thesis is to review the costume and symbolism of the English novelist Jane Austen's novel "Emma" which was produced as a movie in 1996. The novel "Emma" 's periodical background is from 1814 to 1815 in neo-classical age of costume. The English woman's costumes in 1810 were high-waisted empire style dress and redingote, pelisse, spencer jacket for going out. Man's costumes were frock coat, tail coat, shirts, vest and bottoms were breeches, pantaloons and trousers. In this literature, Harriet's naive and immature image was shown in the name of 'pretty'. Elegant and graceful way of talking and attitude was expressed in the 'beauty' of Emma. The costume is symbolically expressing the character's personality ; white is for Emma's intelligent and elegant image, pastor Elton's black suit symbolized his profession and ambitions for success. The analysis of the costumes from the movie "Emma" is following ; women wore empire dress and outer garment, redingote and spencer jacket. The fabrics were muslin, gauze, satin, lace and velvet. Men's costume were frock coat, tail coat with the shirts, vest, and pantaloons. The fabric was brown, black and dark color of wool. With an analysis of the movie "Emma", I would like to present '99 S/S collection, targeted for 21-25 aged woman by use of Emma's elegant and Harriet's pretty image as a main subject. As a second subject, I have chosen neo romantic memory, sophisticate feminine and pretty Harriet.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.225-238
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• 2001

This study investigated the relationships of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality to gender and sex role identity in young adults. The subjects of this study were 42 males and 46 females, the age of 30 to 39 years old. Care-oriented morality was assessed by the Ethic of Care Interview(ECI) and justice-oriented morality was assessed by the Korean Defining Issues Test(DIT) while sex role identity was assessed by the Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI). Care-oriented morality of most of the subjects was on level 2. The P(%) score of justice-oriented morality of most of the subjects was found to be pretty high. Sex differences were found both in the levels of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality. That is, women were higherthan men both in care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality. However, no significant difference in sex role identity types was found both in the levels of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제39권
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• pp.180-209
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• 1999

이 연구는 아내강간이란 단독주제로는 선구적 연구로 아내강간의 발생정도, 관련 사회계층적 배경, 성장시 가정폭력 배경, 그리고 아내강간에 대한 인식조사에 연구의 초점을 두었다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 우리나라 기혼남성들 중 약 42.4%가 아내강간을 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 가계의 월수입이 적고, 어릴 때 부모로부터의 학대경험이 많은 남성이 아내강간 경향이 높고, 아내가 신앙생활에 열심일수록 남편의 아내강간 행동이 다소 감소되는 경향이 발견되었다. 한편 아내가 남편으로부터 강간을 당하는 중요한 변수가 경제생활 수준으로 확인되어, 아내강간 발생을 예측하는 데 현재 부부의 재정상황이 상당히 중요하게 관련되어 있음을 시사해 주고 있다. 남녀 성별간에는 아내강간에 대한 수용정도와 처벌의 필요성에 뚜렷한 차이를 보이고 있다. 아내강간의 행동에 대해 많은 기혼남성과 기혼여성이 부정적인 시각을 가지고 있으나, 여전히 상당수의 기혼남성과 여성이 아내강간에 대해 수용적이었다. 특히 아내강간을 상대적으로 많이 경험한 남성보다 남편으로부터 강간을 상대적으로 더 많이 경험한 여성이 아내강간에 대한 문제의식이 약해져 아내강간을 훨씬 더 수용하고 있는 현상은 심각한 문제로 제기되고 있으며, 사회사업실천을 위한 중요한 함의를 던져 주고 있다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권11호
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• pp.137-150
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of clothing color and exposure on stereotype formation of female appearance. The subjects for the research survey were 418 male and female university students in Taejon, Korea. The measuring instruments were a self-administered questionnaire and six written scripts which described a woman wearing clothing manipulated by clothing color and exposure variables. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis, T-test, crosstabs analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study were as follows. First, three dimensions (global image, appearance inference, and appearance evaluation) emerged from the subject responses. Clothing exposure had the greatest impact upon the stereotype formation of female appearance. The woman wearing exposed clothing was rated as 'sexy', 'confident', and 'glamorous' whereas the same woman wearing unexposed clothing was rated as 'slim', 'humdrum', 'ladylike', and 'neat'. Second, the gender of the subject played a role in forming stereotypes of women's appearance. The male subjects rated the woman wearing exposed clothing as 'sexy' and 'glamorous' whereas the 1em81e subjects rated the same woman as 'slim' and 'pretty'. Third, the male subjects evaluated the woman wearing expend clothing in much more negative terms than the female subjects did, indicating that men tended to use 'modesty' to evaluate the woman whereas women tended to use 'fashion trend' in addition to 'modesty' as the important criteria when assessing women dressed in exposed clothing. Fourth, the subjects judged the woman wearing exposed clothing to be an entertainer or prostitute in her early 20s. On the other hand, the subjects judged the woman wearing unexposed clothing to be either a university student or a professional business women in her mid 20s.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.541-548
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• 2020

감성에 대한 관심도는 한국을 포함하여 전 세계적으로 계속 높아지고 있으며 사회관계망서비스(SNS) 세대의 감성을 가리키는 신조어인 갬성과 더불어 최근에는 복고에 새로움을 더한 뉴트로(New-tro)와 같은 새로운 스타일이 나타났다. 감성의 특성이 시간과 환경에 대한 영향이 강하다는 점을 고려해 보면 현재의 새로운 스타일에 대한 일반인들의 감정을 알아보는 것이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 9개의 뉴트로 스타일이 적용된 제품에서 '갖고 싶다, 귀엽다, 기분이 좋다, 기쁘다, 독특하다, 멋있다, 세련되다, 예쁘다, 재미있다, 좋아하다, 즐겁다, 특별하다' 12개의 감정 어휘를 선정하였다. 설문조사의 분석 결과 남성은 '재미있다-귀엽다-기분이 좋다', 여성은 '독특하다-귀엽다-재미있다' 등의 순으로 감정의 강도가 높았고 연령대별로는 40대, 30대, 50대, 20대의 순으로 감정의 강도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 추출된 감정 어휘는 뉴트로 스타일이 적용된 대상의 감성을 평가하기 위해 사용될 수 있으며 제시된 분석 방법을 활용하여 구체적인 감성 평가 자료를 확보할 수 있다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 1986

Our report refers to occidental vocal techniques from Greece until today. It is remarkable that even with poor anatomy knowledge, there were advices on styles given from very early periods, for both church and secular singing. During the 18th century, the names of "vox pectoris", "vox guturris" and "vox capitis" appear, nominations that somehow remain nowadays with great confusion about source of sound production and results of resonance. Vocal occidental styles developed different kinds of requirements from the singers, that had to adapt their vocal Possibilities to them. The same happened with "pop" song. Nowadays, all kinds of singers must have a conscious knowledge of its voice management to prevent vocal disturbances. We consider that the technique is the same, even when the singer has to sing Wagner, Debussy, Sconberg, Piazzola or Gershwin. The big changes occured at resonance levels, and because these different use of the vocal resonators the effects are quite different. In summary, the big differences on classical the effects are quite different. In summary, the big differences on classical and pop song are done on the different use of the resonators and its effects on the vocal tract. "Pop" singers, men and women, should be taught to use both registers, "modal" and "falsetto" to be able to reach the complete range of their songs without any harm to their larynxes. In our opinion, a good singing technique means that it could be adapted to every stylistic need. The same technique is adapted to the popular singer as well. The main difference lays on the use of resonators, pretty strong in the classic singer, weaken in the popular singer, on the volume and on the total extension of the voice. Breathing control, effortless emission and the use of "passage" at the right point should be taught to all singers, regardless of their style. (omitted)

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.531-541
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the semantic structure about the image shown on the product, brand and advertisement and figuring out its features through the correlation among brand images. For the study, nine brands(Guess, Bangbang, ONG, NIX, TBJ, Levi's, OPT, FRJ, Jambangee) as subjects for investigation has been selected and divided into the image of brand(9 brands), product(108 products, 12 pieces for each product) and advertisement(9 points) by the measure of 26 adjective pairs. The survey has been collected on the subject of 540 men and women who live in around Busan city areas and has been taken the statistics. The results on investigating the semantic structures of the product images about jean brands, there are five main factors, such as, individuality, attractiveness, activeness, modernity, hardness & softness. The results on examining the semantic structures of the brand images about jean brands, the factors are attractiveness, activeness, vitality, hardness & softness, fadness. The results on investigating the semantic structure of the advertisement images about jean brands, the factors are attractiveness, individuality, modernity, activeness. The results on the classification of brand images are presented as four groups, the first group is that brand and advertisement image are pretty similar but product image is differential according to brand and the second group, product and advertisement image are similar but brand image is differential. The third group is that product and brand image are similar but advertisement is differential and the fourth group, product, brand and advertisement are similar.

• 영어영문학
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.339-365
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• 2011

Charlotte $Bront{\ddot{e}}^{\prime}s$ novel Jane Eyre has long been doted on as one of the canonized texts of British literature since its publication. Seemingly, this romantic novel has nothing to do with plantation based on slave trade. However, paying a keen attention to the fact that Jane's enormous inheritance results from wine plantation at a colony, this essay re-interprets Bertha's drinking and madness as evidence of imperialism. For the porter/jin Bertha and Grace Poole enjoy might have some suspicious connection with wine, the very root of Jane's great expectations. Jean Ryes' Wide Sargasso Sea, writing Jane Eyre back, records Bertha as "a white resident of the West Indies, a colonizer of European descent" (326). However, Jane Eyre, in my interpretation, describes Bertha pretty much as a black Creole. At any rate, the view that the white West Indians are tainted by miscegenation proves contemporary racism and is reflected in the text through Bertha and her mother's intemperate drinking and madness. Drinking and madness are stigmatized as the evidence of the so-called "bad blood"; embodying the stereotypes of drinking, madness, and sexual corruption, Creoles, the very inescapable product of imperialism, provide a convenient excuse for justifying imperialism for purity, civilization, and moral cleanness. In this way, Jane Eyre needs to be re-interpreted politically and historically in the context of colonialism. British imperialism pursues a tremendous amount of profits through grape plantation and wine trades; however, it cleverly leaves in the colony the associated images such as intemperate drinking and madness. Bertha, transferred from Jamaica to Britain, takes in these negative images of "savageness." Transcending the narrow confines of feminist criticism obsessed with doubling between Bertha and Jane, this essay, accordingly, reads Bertha the prisoner in the attic as the captive for perpetuating imperialism. This reading hinges upon interpreting Rochester and St John as colonizers bearing the so-called "white men's burden" to cultivate and civilize savages much like crops such as grapes and sugarcane in the colonial plantation.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권44호
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• pp.57-84
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• 2016

그동안 보수적 성향을 고수하던 디즈니가 애니메이션 <겨울왕국>에서 보여준 여성상은 파격이었다. <겨울왕국>의 두 공주는 전통적 성역할과 남성 의존에서 벗어난 주체적 여성으로 그려졌다. 이러한 이유로 <겨울왕국>을 페미니즘 작품으로 해석하는 경향이 있다. 주체적 여성상의 캐릭터는 페미니즘 작품을 규정하는 데에 중요한 지표가 될 수 있으나 이것만으로 작품 성향을 규정하는 것은 무리가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 <겨울왕국>이 페미니즘 작품으로서 타당한가를 검토하였다. 우선, <겨울왕국>의 주제의식인 '자매애'에는 자매간의 우정 이외에 '여성 연대'라는 페미니즘적 개념이 내포되어 있었다. 여성연대의 핵심 개념인 차이, 공감과 연대를 중심으로 <겨울왕국>을 분석했을 때, <겨울왕국>은 서사와 캐릭터, 이미지 등에서 '차이'를 반영하고 있었다. 그리고 진정한 사랑으로 오해와 갈등의 원인이 된 자매의 차이를 인정하자 공감과 연대가 형성되는 과정을 그리고 있었다. 공감과 희생으로 맺어진 엘사와 안나의 연대는 적대자를 물리치는 힘이 되었을 뿐 아니라, 다시 봄을 찾아 재 건립된 아델렌처럼 상생의 공동체를 이룬다는 페미니즘적 가치를 반영하고 있었다. 따라서 <겨울왕국>을 페미니즘 작품으로 해석하는 것이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.