• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2022

PURPOSE: The functional limitations in stroke survivors promote sedentary lifestyles and quality of life inadequacies, but there is increasing evidence that this could be minimized by physical exercise. Therefore, this study examined the effects of physical exercise on the quality of life (QoL) and functional capacity (ability to stand up from a sitting position) among stroke survivors drafted from two tertiary hospitals in Osogbo, Nigeria. METHODS: A purposive sampling technique was used to select 21 registered right or left outpatient hemiplegic stroke survivors in a pre- and post-test experimental research design. The research questions were presented using descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, while an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the study hypothesis at the .05 alpha level for significance. RESULTS: Compared to the baseline (week 0), there were significant increases in the general quality of life, healthy well-being, physical exercise, pain perception, and environmental domains of QOL among the survivors in week four. Moreover, a significant increase was observed in these indices in week eight, compared to week four, except for the pain perception domain. Compared to the baseline, there was a significant decrease in the time it took the stroke survivors to stand up from a sitting position in week four. A significant decrease was observed in this index in week eight compared to week four. CONCLUSION: Marked corridor 20 meters brief walking exercise for eight weeks significantly improved the quality of life and ability to stand up from a sitting position in stroke survivors in Osogbo, Nigeria.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.3C
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• pp.159-166
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• 2008

The stress-strain behavior of soils can usually be regarded as non-linear, while it is also known that the soil exhibits the linear-elastic behavior at pre-failure state (very small strain range, $<10^{-3}%$). This study aims to analyze the variation of anisotropic elastic shear moduli of granular soils in various stress conditions. The stress probe experiments with the triaxial testing device equipped with local strain gages and multi-directional bender elements were conducted. When the stress ratio exceeds the range between -0.5 and 1.5, the elastic shear stiffness in the axial direction deviates from the empirical correlation with current stresses, which indicates that the yielding of soils alters the internal pathway through which the elastic shear wave propagates. The experimental results show that the variation of elastic shear moduli in the horizontal direction closely relates to the volume change of soils.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.4C
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• pp.193-200
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• 2010

This study suggests a method predicting at-rest coefficient of earth pressure ($K_0$) in order to evaluate the effect of stress history of granular soil. The method is based on the relation $K_D/K_0={\chi}(E_D/{\sigma}_m{^{\prime}})^{\delta}$, which is developed by combining two previously published relations such as $E_D/{\sigma}_m{^{\prime}}-{\psi}$ and $K_D/K_0-{\psi}$. As $K_D$ and $E_D$ are observed to be sensitive to the pre-stress, both indices are adopted for the estimation of $K_0$ value of granular soil. It is shown that the proposed $K_D/K_0-E_D/{\sigma}_m{^{\prime}}$ relation is insignificantly affected by the stress history. It is concluded from the comparative study that the proposed method, which uses only dilatometer test results to predict the $K_0$ of granular soil, provides more convenient and reliable prediction than other methods which use both CPT and DMT results.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.792-799
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• 2022

Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology is a key component of modern construction engineering and project management workflows. As-is BIM models that represent the spatial reality of a project site can offer crucial information to stakeholders for construction progress monitoring, error checking, and building maintenance purposes. Geometric methods for automatically converting raw scan data into BIM models (Scan-to-BIM) often fail to make use of higher-level semantic information in the data. Whereas, semantic segmentation methods only output labels at the point level without creating object level models that is necessary for BIM. To address these issues, this research proposes a hybrid semantic-geometric approach for clutter-resistant floorplan generation from laser-scanned building point clouds. The input point clouds are first pre-processed by normalizing the coordinate system and removing outliers. Then, a semantic segmentation network based on PointNet++ is used to label each point as ceiling, floor, wall, door, stair, and clutter. The clutter points are removed whereas the wall, door, and stair points are used for 2D floorplan generation. A region-growing segmentation algorithm paired with geometric reasoning rules is applied to group the points together into individual building elements. Finally, a 2-fold Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm is applied to parameterize the building elements into 2D lines which are used to create the output floorplan. The proposed method is evaluated using the metrics of precision, recall, Intersection-over-Union (IOU), Betti error, and warping error.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.195-204
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• 2022

As a brittle failure mode, punching-shear failure can be widely found in traditional RC slab-column connections, which may lead to the entire collapse of a flat plate structure. In this paper, a novel RC slab-column connection with inner steel truss was proposed to enhance the punching strength. In the proposed connection, steel trusses, each of which was composed of four steel angles and a series of steel strips, were pre-assembled at the periphery of the column capital and behaved as transverse reinforcements. With the aim of exploring the punching behavior of this novel RC slab-column connection, a static punching test was conducted on two full-scaled RC slab specimens, and the crack patterns, failure modes, load-deflection and load-strain responses were thoroughly analyzed to explore the contribution of the applied inner steel trusses to the overall punching behavior. The test results indicated that all the test specimens suffered the typical punching-shear failure, and the higher punching strength and initial stiffness could be found in the specimen with inner steel trusses. The numerical models of tested specimens were analyzed in ABAQUS. These models were verified by comparing the results of the tests with the results of the analyzes, and subsequently the sensitivity of the punching capacity to different parameters was studied. Based on the test results, a modified critical shear crack theory, which could take the contribution of the steel trusses into account, was put forward to predict the punching strength of this novel RC slab-column connection, and the calculated results agreed well with the test results.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.44-64
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• 2017

Russia's push in the Asia-Pacific region stems from its interests that have the national, regional and global dimensions. In their turn, the aims of this policy are civilizational, geopolitical, economic and prospective, with a long-term outlook. In the course of their achievement, cooperation with Northeast Asia's countries will play one of the key roles owing to the factors of geographic proximity, Northeast Asia's economic potential, risk hedging and a growing influence Northeast Asia exerts upon the global development. A new cooperation paradigm between Russia and the states of Northeast Asia should be based upon establishing and cementing self-reproducing ties. This is the central aim of Russian initiatives in relations, with Japan, the Republic of Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mongolia and China. However, numerous obstacles ranging from Russia's absence in the regional free trade agreements and supply-production chains of value-added production to the permanent international instability generated by Pyongyang's missile-nuclear developments hamper the practical implementation of this task. Realizing the necessity to give an additional impetus to this new cooperative paradigm, Russia has to develop directions with an apparent consolidating effect. The most promising may be the establishment of a permanent security forum based upon Northeast Asia Peace and Security Mechanism chaired by the Russian Federation. The urgency of this measure and its expected support stem from the necessity to strengthen security in Northeast Asia, a task neither the US-led hub-and-spoke system nor ASE-AN-led multilateral dialogue venues have been able to resolve. The issues addressed at the security forum must include the unification of approaches to North Korean nuclear issue and producing a document specifying actions of the claimants on the disputed maritime territories in the "direct contact" situations. At the expert level, Russia has elaborated on the idea to establish such a forum outlining the spectrum of the key directions of cooperation. With the urgency in the establishment of this dialogue venue, its agenda has to be coordinated with the agendas of the existing security systems presented by the US alliances and the ASE-AN-led multilateral negotiations. The practical implementation of this initiative will strengthen security in Northeast Asia as its challenges will be resolved in the pre-emptive way based on coordinated approaches. Therefore, Russia as the Eurasian state will be one of the role players in the advent of the Asian century.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.1021-1031
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• 2023

State-sponsored cyber attacks are highly impactful because they are carried out to achieve pre-planned goals. As a defender, it is difficult to respond to them because of the large scale of the attack and the possibility that unknown vulnerabilities may be exploited. In addition, overreacting can reduce the availability of users and cause business disruption. Therefore, there is a need for a response policy that can effectively defend against attacks while ensuring user availability. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method to collect the number of processes and sessions of defense assets in real time and use them for learning. Using this method to learn reinforcement learning-based policies on a cyber attack simulator, the attack duration based on 100 time-steps was reduced by 27.9 time-steps and 3.1 time-steps for two attacker models, respectively, and the number of "restore" actions that impede user availability during the defense process was also reduced, resulting in an overall better policy.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.154-160
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• 2023

Recently, with the activation of eBook services, books are being published simultaneously as physical books and digitized eBooks. Paper books are more expensive than e-books due to printing and distribution costs, so demand for relatively inexpensive e-books is increasing. There are cases where previously published physical books cannot be digitized due to the circumstances of the publisher or author, so there is a movement among individual users to digitize books that have been published for a long time. However, existing research has only studied the advancement of the pre-processing process that can improve text recognition before applying OCR technology, and there are limitations to digitization depending on the condition of the book. Therefore, support for book digitization services depending on the condition of the physical book is needed. need. In this paper, we propose a method to support digitalization services according to the status of physical books held by book owners. Create images by scanning books and extract text information from the images through OCR. We propose a method to recover text that cannot be extracted depending on the state of the book using BERT, a natural language processing deep learning model. As a result, it was confirmed that the recovery method using BERT is superior when compared to RNN, which is widely used in recommendation technology.

• Advanced Industrial SCIence
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.11-16
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• 2023

The subway is a means of public transportation that plays an important role in the transportation system of modern cities. However, congestion often occurs due to sudden breakdowns and system outages, causing inconvenience. Therefore, in this paper, we conducted a study on failure prediction and prevention using machine learning to efficiently operate the subway system. Using UC Irvine's MetroPT-3 dataset, we built a subway breakdown prediction model using logistic regression. The model predicted the non-failure state with a high accuracy of 0.991. However, precision and recall are relatively low, suggesting the possibility of error in failure prediction. The ROC_AUC value is 0.901, indicating that the model can classify better than random guessing. The constructed model is useful for stable operation of the subway system, but additional research is needed to improve performance. Therefore, in the future, if there is a lot of learning data and the data is well purified, failure can be prevented by pre-inspection through prediction.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.26-36
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• 2024

Functional brain imaging techniques have been used to diagnose psychiatric disorders such as dementia, depression, and autism. Recently, these techniques have also been actively used to study hearing loss. The present study reviewed the application of the functional brain imaging techniques in auditory research, especially those focusing on hearing loss, over the past decade. EEG, fMRI, fNIRS, MEG, and PET have been utilized in auditory research, and the number of research studies using these techniques has been increasing. In particular, fMRI and EEG were the most frequently used technique in auditory research. EEG studies mostly used event-related designs to analyze the direct relationship between stimulus and the related response, and in fMRI studies, resting-state functional connectivity and block designs were utilized to analyze alterations in brain functionality in hearing-related areas. In terms of age, while studies involving children mainly focused on congenital and pre- and post-lingual hearing loss to analyze developmental characteristics with and without hearing loss, those involving adults focused on age-related hearing loss to investigate changes in the characteristics of the brain based on the presence of hearing loss and the use of a hearing device. Overall, ranging from EEG to PET, various functional brain imaging techniques have been used in auditory research, but it is difficult to perform a comprehensive analysis due to the lack of consistency in experimental designs, analysis methods, and participant characteristics. Thus, it is necessary to develop standardized research protocols to obtain high-quality clinical and research evidence.