• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to propose a standardized guideline for clinical training courses among dental hygiene departments of colleges in Korea. This study comparatively evaluated periods and durations of the curricula and specific domains, credits and hours of clinical training classes, and institutions providing practical lessons, and calculated the total credits and hours. Methods: From August 15 to September 15, 2017, a literature review was conducted in dental hygiene departments of 82 schools around the country in order to investigate the current conditions of clinical training in each educational system. Furthermore, 5 colleges were selected from each type of educational system, and their credits and hours for clinical training were analyzed in subjects of practical training for clinical dental hygiene, practical training for dental clinic, practical training for local community dental health, clinical training, and pre-clinical level practical training. The total credits and hours were calculated on the basis of analysis results. Results: The findings revealed that the hours of clinical training classes and hours per credit for practical training in the dental hygiene departments as well as the practical training institutions varied between the colleges. In some cases, the hours of practical training were not indicated. Standardized clinical training in the dental hygiene department was allotted 675 hours, whereas practical training in local community dental health studies was allotted 105 hours, which totaled to 780 allotted hours. Conclusions: There was a significant difference among the colleges in terms of the current conditions of clinical training in the dental hygiene department. The literature review revealed that a total of 780 hours was allotted to clinical training, and this was significantly more than the standard (500 hours) set by the. Moreover, these clinical training hours were lower than in advanced countries or other health and medical treatment occupations. Therefore, efficient improvement is required in order to provide a timely guideline for clinical training.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2015

Mongolia is suffering from the inadequate capacity of medical doctors due to a poor education and training system. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of a clinical training program for capacity building of medical doctors in Mongolia, and to suggest an effective model for continuing professional development in developing countries. Based on the results of a needs assessment, Korean and Mongolian medical experts developed a clinical training program and trained the trainers on 32 topics regarding major clinical problems in 6 specialties, including cardiology, endocrinology, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, neurology, and emergency medicine. Surveillance survey and pre/post-test were used on every topic to evaluate the satisfaction and achievement, respectively, of the trainees. Six months after the clinical training program, we interviewed a sample of medical professionals to evaluate the change and impact. A total of 612 (person-year) medical doctors participated in the training, and the average score for satisfaction was 7.69 out of 8. The average score of the pre-test was 46.9 out of 100, while the post-test was 82.4. After the training, the medical doctors were applying their new knowledge and skills to their practice, and using the materials as guidelines, which improved their practice and increased patient satisfaction. They also started their own training program and adopted new equipment at their hospitals. The satisfaction and achievement of the trainees were very high, and there was significant change in the medical practice, education system, and infrastructure after the training program. This training program can be an effective model for capacity building of medical doctors in developing countries.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of electrical stimulation applied in dominant forearm on autonomic nervous system response of both hands. Methods : Fourteen healthy subjects (women) received low frequency-high intensity electrical stimulation to one forearm. The subjects assigned to two groups; a ipsilateral stimulation group (n=7) and a contralateral stimulation group (n=7). The electrode attachment was arranged on the forearm of the dominant arm and the electricity stimulus time was set as 15 minutes. Measuring items were the skin conduction velocity, the blood flow, and the pulse rate, which were measured total 3 times (pre, post, and post 10 min.). Results : The skin conduction velocity showed a significant difference according to the change of the time in both hands, but there was no significant difference according to time in the blood flow, and the change of the pulse frequency regardless of stimulus side. Conclusion : These results demonstrate that the low frequency-high intensity electrical stimulation applied dominant forearm can increase selectively only with the skin conduction velocity, which may be helpful for the activation of the sudomotor function of both hands by the activation of sympathetic nerve.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제44권11호통권450호
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• pp.739-747
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• 2006

Objectives. The standardization of connection between fixture and abutment has not been defined. The success of dental implants was not always depends on connection. However, the connection mechanism is one of the most important things for dental implant treatment success. Most implant systems are very comparable in their design and engineering. They share many common characteristics and have similar strengths and weaknesses. Their significant weaknesses are connection, microgap and the resulting micromovement allowing bacterial contamination and bone loss. In the present study, we investigated the clinical performance of Ankylos implant (conical connection implant) Patients and Methods. The clinical performance of conical connection implant was studied under well-controlled clinical conditions. A total of 133 conical connection implants were placed in 50 patients from April 2005 to March 2006. The mean follow-up loading period of implants which was considered successful was 220$\pm$29 days. We recorded the age, sex, installation site, reason of edentulous region, bone density of installation site, diameter and length of dental implants and periods from installation to uncovering surgery using patients medical chart. Results Four Ankylos implants were lost during pre-loading period. 129 implants provided excellent clinical performance during 220$\pm$29 days on an average. The short-term success rate of this conical connection implant system was 96.99%.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2014

Teeth that have short clinical crown, which are not alone enough to support the definitive restoration can be best treated using the post and core system. The advantages of fiber post over conventional metallic post materials have led to its wide acceptance. In addition to that the combination of aesthetic and mechanical benefits of fiber post has provided it with a rise in the field of dentistry. Also the results obtained from some clinical trials have encouraged the clinicians to use the fiber posts confidently. Fiber posts are manufactured from pre-stretched fibers impregnated within a resin matrix. The fibers could that be of carbon, glass/silica, and quartz, whereas Epoxy and bis-GMA are the most widely used resin bases. But recently studies are also found to be going on for polyimide as possible material for the fiber post resin base as a substitute for the conventional materials.

• Knee surgery & related research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.293-302
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• 2018

Purpose: High tibial valgus osteotomy (HTO) is a well-established surgical procedure for patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. The hybrid closed-wedge HTO (CWHTO) procedure permits extensive correction in patients with severe deformities or patellofemoral joint OA. The aim of this study was to report the short-term results in a consecutive series of patients treated with hybrid CWHTO. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes and radiographic parameters in 29 consecutive knees that underwent hybrid CWTHO to correct medial compartment OA at an average follow-up of 52.6 months. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Lysholm score and knee scoring system of the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA). The Kellgren-Lawrence grading system and pre- and postoperative mechanical axis (MA), femorotibial angle (FTA), posterior tibial slope, and patella height were assessed. Results: The FTA and MA significantly changed from $180.7^{\circ}$ to $170.4^{\circ}$ and from $22.0^{\circ}$ to $60.2^{\circ}$, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the mean pre- and postoperative posterior tibial slope, Insall-Salvati ratio, or Caton-Deschamps index. The postoperative JOA and Lysholm scores significantly improved from 76.7 to 95.8 and from 58.8 to 90.2, respectively. Conclusions: Satisfactory outcomes can be achieved with hybrid CWHTO in patients with medial OA.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2024

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is a major problem for human health worldwide. The mechanisms of vitamin D in the male reproductive system are unknown. After coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines were developed, doubts were raised about their possible effects on male fertility. Based on vitamin D's function in the immune system, its potential role as an adjuvant for COVID-19 vaccines is intriguing. The aims of this study were to assess the effects of vitamin D first on sperm parameters and sex hormones, and then as an immune adjuvant on sperm parameters and sex hormones after study participants had received their second doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: Phase 1 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) included 72 men with idiopathic infertility, and phase 2 had 64 participants who received two doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Both groups were instructed to take 50,000 IU of vitamin D twice monthly for 3 months. Sperm parameters and sex hormones were assessed pre-and post-supplementation. Results: Regular vitamin D intake for 3 months significantly increased the participants' vitamin D levels (p=0.0001). Both phases showed a positive correlation between vitamin D intake and sperm parameters. Vaccination had no negative effects on sperm parameters and sex hormones. Vitamin D was associated with follicle-stimulating hormone (p=0.02) and testosterone (p=0.0001) in phase 2 after treatment. Conclusion: Our results support vitamin D supplementation as an immune adjunct to COVID-19 vaccination for improving sperm parameters and hormone levels. COVID-19 vaccination is not harmful for male fertility potential, and vitamin D is an effective factor for male fertility.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2024

임상검사실은 질관리 시스템(quality management system)을 구축하여 일정 수준 이상의 질 확보를 위해 노력하여야 한다. 그러나 검사실 환경은 매우 복잡하여 단일 정도관리 절차로는 다양한 유형의 오류를 감지하는데 충분하지 않을 수 있다. 환자 기반 실시간 정도관리(patient-based real-time quality control, PBRTQC)는 테스트 과정을 모니터링하기 위한 검사실 도구로써 Bull's 알고리즘, 정상치 평균, 이동 중앙값, 이동평균, 지수가중이동평균과 같은 알고리즘이 활용되고 있다. PBRTQC는 저렴한 비용, 교환 가능성, 지속적인 실시간 성능 모니터링, 분석 전 오류에 대한 민감도 등 기존 정도관리에 비해 많은 이점이 있다. 그러나 PBRTQC는 통계 알고리즘의 선택, 적절한 규칙과 프로토콜의 설계, 성능검증 등을 고려해야하므로 구현하기가 쉽지만은 않다. 본 리뷰에서는 PBRTQC의 기본 개념과 방법 및 절차에 대해 설명하였으며, 이를 통해 환자 기반 정도관리 시스템 구현을 위한 지침을 제시하고자 하였다. 이에 기존의 내부정도관리의 성능이 제한적일 경우 PBRTQC 절차를 병용하는 것을 제안하고자 한다. 본 리뷰에서는 임상적 평가는 배제되었으며, 향후 이에 대한 평가가 요구된다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2015

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of how the trauma care system is applied on the management of trauma patients. Methods: We divided the patients into a pre-trauma system group and a post-trauma system group according to the time when we began to apply the trauma care system in our institution. We compared the general characteristics, injury severity score, initial response time to the trauma patients, number of preventable deaths, and clinical outcomes between the two groups. Results: The numbers of patients in the pre-trauma system group and the post-trauma system group were 188 and 257, respectively. No differences in the patient's median ages, trauma scores (ISS, RTS, TRISS) and proportions of severe trauma patients (ISS>15) were observed between the two groups. The number and the proportion of patients who were admitted to our hospital were increased in the post-trauma system group. The time interval from trauma CP activation to emergency surgery or angio-embolization, and the patient's time spent in emergency room were shortened in the post-trauma system group. However, the lengths of the ICU stay and the hospital stay, and the number of in-hospital mortalities were not improved in the post-trauma system group. In severe trauma patients (ISS>15), there were no differences between the two groups in the number and the proportion of admitted patients, and the time interval from trauma CP activation to performing a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure was not shortened in the post-trauma system group. Conclusion: Application of the trauma care system has shortened the time between the initial response and patient management. However, this improvement was not enough to result in better clinical outcomes. More trauma physicians, multidisciplinary cooperation, and a well-organized trauma management process will be needed if the maximum efficacy of the trauma system is to be achieved.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권12호
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• pp.477-480
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• 2011

In order to care for an ill or injured child, it is crucial that every emergency department (ED) has a minimum set of personnel and resources because the majority of children are brought to the geographically nearest ED. In addition to adequate preparation for basic pediatric emergency care, a comprehensive, specialized healthcare system should be in place for a critically-ill or injured victim. Regionalization of healthcare means a system providing high-quality and cost-effective care for victims who present with alow frequency, but critical condition, such as multiple trauma or cardiac arrest. Within the pediatric field, neonatal intensive care and pediatric trauma care are good examples of regionalization. For successful regionalized pediatric emergency care, all aspects of a pediatric emergency system, from pre-hospital field to hospital care, should be categorized and coordinated. Efforts to set up the pediatric emergency care regionalization program based on a nationwide healthcare system are urgently needed in Korea.