• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2009

Purpose : This study was to examine the emotional behavioral problem of children in low-income family who were participating in local children care center. Method : From June 2 to September 9, 2008, 322 elementary school children were surveyed using structured questionnaire. Emotional behavioral problem were measured using K-YSR. Result : In the distribution of three groups by emotional behavioral problems scores of subjects, normal group was 83.23%, borderline group was 9.32%, clinical group was 7.45% among 322 children. The emotional behavioral problem score of subjects showed attention problem .62(5.61), aggressive behavior .52(9.87), anxiety and depression .50(7.89), withdrawn .49(3.46), social problem .43(3.50), somatic complaints .35(3.17), thought problem .32(2.27), delinquent behavior .31(3.11) and total behavioral problem scores were .44(44.55). Also, total behavioral problem scores was not significantly difference by sex and grade, but the scores of girls students was higher compared with boys. Conclusion : This finding will be significant in that it can provide basic data for school mental health services, which can provide early intervention program for the students who belong to borderline and clinical groups.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.173-180
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• 1996

Generally, Hwabyung is more commen in older women, in low educational group. Many psychiatrists explain it as the illness originated from a series of psychological stresses. And they think that Hwabyung patients have somatization disorder, anxiety disorder, and, major depression. But, many of oriental medical doctors explain it as symptoms having the character of fire. In order to investigate the clinical aspects of Hwabyung, this study was carried out in department of oriental neuropsychiatry at Kyung Hee Medical Center. The subject was 34 year old female who was an inpatient in K.M.C from Aug. 14 Aug 26, 1996.The results of the study showed that familial problem and long-termed(about 10 years) stressed situation drove her to Hwabyung. This seems to be related to Korean traditional culture. That is, Korean women were exposured to familial problem(related to mother-in-law, and, her husband), and, poverty, etc. But they had to be patient of this situation. Nowadays, though this situation is rather improved, Hwabyung remains a problem with us, because many people still suffer from Hwabyung.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.153-165
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• 2013

Deficiency in access to housing is a major manifestation of poverty. In the city of Bangalore, the poor and the marginalized constitute nearly 30 percent of the 8.47 million population (2011 Census) and are living in the nearly 640 slums in addition to squatter settlements and pavements. The city sprawls over an area of 741 sq. kms (2007 estimates) and the poor have very little access to personal living space. According to the Integrated Housing and Slum Development Program guidelines, each household with four average members should have 25 sq. meters of living space. In the case of poor of Bangalore, the attainment of even this minimum is a far cry. In recognition of this acuteness with regard to the problem of housing, the government has introduced schemes like the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission and the Rajiv Awas Yojana. And these schemes have witnessed only a limited success. Whenever the problem of housing for the urban poor is considered, the state and location of slums get into focus. The people living in slums are a crucial and inevitable support to the city economy. Relocation of slum people is fraught with loss of productivity and strain on the transport system and on the incomes of the poor. Their needs like housing, schooling, health centers, creches, hospices etc. have to be provided for. Financial support to the poor with regard to their housing needs will have to be imaginatively provided by banks and related institutions.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.21-28
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• 2024

This study analyzed the current status of care policies and senior citizen issues in Korea, which has entered a super-aging society, and attempted to suggest improvement measures for desirable convergence policies. The problems of the elderly in Korea have emerged as health problems, poverty problems, loss of roles, and care problems due to changes in the concept of family, values, and socioeconomic structure. In addition, poor seniors need jobs and employment policies, and healthy middle-class seniors need policy development to enable leisure activities and volunteer activities. In particular, it is necessary to establish policies to enable people to spend the rest of their lives in elderly care facilities and elderly care hospitals through community care policies. The super-aging society accounts for more than 20% of the total population among those aged 65 or older, and according to the National Statistical Office, it is expected to become a super-aging society by 2025. Elderly welfare policies must provide various programs and the needs and services of elderly care, and in the future, a super-aging society will need to secure a lot of financial resources and maintain a productive population to cover the financial resources. In other words, the human life cycle is from birth to death, and when the ratio of natural deaths of the elderly and infants born is appropriate, the society and the country can be seen as stable, vibrant, and healthy societies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.311-321
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• 2013

Health is an essential element of human living and participation in society. Due to its significance, government tries to maintain the healthy life of tis people by providing health care and enhancement systems that focus on health welfare. Despite such efforts, there is still a loophole in the public system. The health problem in socially disadvantaged people, especially single mothers, becomes the cause of poverty, and the poverty again results in the poor health conditions. That is why the private sector became interested in this health issue. In this case study about the participants in the healthcare support programs for single mothers in the private sector, their experience and change related on participation in the programs were investigated in depth. As results, the following significance and quantitative performance in supporting the health right for single mothers were explored. Since single mothers could not have cared for their health because their duty for not only parenting but also family's living, th participants thought that they attained good fortunes and their own social networks. Moreover, their life attitude changed to active and their family relationship was also improved as they got out of ambiguous anxiety of health and attained self confidence.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.175-199
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• 2013

This study was to investigate working experience of poor female-headed families in social enterprise focusing on empowerment process. For this study, nine female-headed women were interviewed and the collected qualitative data were analyzed through phenomenological research method. Main results of this study provided eight main construct factors, such as the intersection of hope and unhappy, economic independence through being alone, finding myself strong and worthy, consciousness of horizontal bondage, trouble situation, professionalism and pride, capacity to problem solving and self-importance of contribution to society. Based on the results of this study, working experience of poor female-headed families in social enterprise was strengthened from personal level and relational level to social level. Therefore, various policies and practical programs should be prepared to improve empowerment of female-headed families in poverty working in social enterprise.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.57-80
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• 2010

This study aims at the evaluation of procedural changes and policy outcome caused by the Open Method of Coordination(OMC) on Social Inclusion in the European Union. The policy instruments of the OMC introduced by the Lisbon Council can be divided into two groups: the outcome-oriented New Public Management(NPM) and the process-oriented Directly Deliberative Polyarchy(DDP). By considering the adoption process of the NPM instruments, it can be said that OMC could not be effective due to the vagueness of its objectives, the institutional barriers in decentralized decision-making, and the rejection of benchmarking by the Member States. The intended learning by deliberation and peer review as indicated by the normative DDP, is hard to achieve because they are not so reflexive due to relatively restricted and closed participation. We also cannot find any significant reduction of poverty after the long implementation of the OMC. Considering the higher recognition of poverty problem and expanding NGOs concerned with it, however, we may see some significant impact in the future.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.563-578
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• 2009

Public pension system of western welfare states has been maintained by transfers of public resources between working-age population and old-age population. But population aging cause the problem of fiscal burden on pension financing, so cutback on public spending for the elderly has been on the issue at public agenda. The argument on public spending for the elderly is more aggressively proceeded in the United States than any other welfare states. The argument is concerned with the problems of generation and is going under the rhetoric name of 'Generational Equity' which contends unequal distribution of social resources such as federal budget within generations. This article analyzes the background of 'Generational Equity' perspective and the reason why that argument is actively going forward in the U. S. and political-economy context of that argument. Generational Equity perspective contends that the elderly are getting more benefits and high spending on the elderly has contributing to the rising poverty rate of children. But there are lots of objection to this perspective on the ground that the perspective has weak positive evidences. The reason that 'Generational Equity' perspective has the power only in the U. S. but other welfare states is mainly due to that pluralistic political regime and selective welfare system. This research presents that political-economy meaning of 'Generational Equity' perspective is related to the political regime and welfare system of the society itself. And this research has the implication that our society having a selective welfare system would take a risk of encountering 'Generational Equity' social debate in the near future.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.471-491
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• 2007

The purpose of this study were (1) to thumbnail sketch of present general condition of foreigners and international marriage in Korea, (2) to study special trend of international marriage in rural Korea, particularly immigration connected with poverty, and (3) to focus on prospect of the problem of mixed-bloods, especially half blood children in rural Korea. Many of foreigners were treated discriminatingly, for example racial discrimination and wage discrimination. And discrimination to mixed-blood children will be happen in future. They are in a disadvantageous position because of economic status and appearances. Half blood children have korean nationality because one of his parent is korean. When they grow up and reach their the age of puberty and the age of working, they will resist to discrimination in working and marriage. I had examined precedent studies, and class theory in general, and to suggest it is time to looking for way of reduce social cost and way of coexistence.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.399-405
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• 2016

Poor subsistence farmers who live in a semi-arid area of northern Ethiopia build irrigation systems to overcome water shortages. However, there is a high risk of malaria transmission when increased standing water provides more favorable habitats for mosquito breeding. This is a serious problem because there are many barriers to malaria control measures and health care systems in the area. Using a causal loop diagram and computer simulations, the author attempted to visually illustrate positive and negative feedbacks between mosquito and human populations in the context of Simret, which is a small village located in northern Ethiopia and is generally considered a malaria-free area. The simulation results show that the number of infectious mosquitos increases to 17,215 at its peak, accounting for 3.5% of potentially dangerous mosquitos. At the same time, the number of sick people increases to 574 at its peak, accounting for 15% of local population. The malaria outbreak is controlled largely because of a fixed number of vulnerable people or local population that acts as an intermediate host.