• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.97-103
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• 2021

In this paper, an omni wheel-based electric wheelchair is proposed that can achieve safe and convenient movement and can improve the convenience of living for mobility-impaired people who cannot move on their own. Generally, mobility-impaired people are afflicted with physical health issues such as pain and secondary body deformities because they often remain seated in wheelchairs for long periods of time. Hence, an electric wheelchair is required whose posture can be changed and whose size can be adjusted according to the user's body type. Such a wheelchair should also facilitate easy change of direction (even in a narrow space) for convenient movement. In this paper, an electric wheelchair featuring omni wheels is proposed that allows posture transformation and facilitates movement in a narrow space. It is believed that the proposed wheelchair can aid in enhancing the convenience of living for mobility-impaired people.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.383-394
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the effect of change of body posture on the rest position and the rotational torque movement of the mandible. Thirty dental students without any signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and with natural dentition were selected for this study. Cervical inclination and the amount of the mandibular movement on protrusion, on left and right excursion, and on tapping in three body postures such as sitting position, supine position without pillow, and supine position with pillow were measured by goniometer, Cervical-Range-of-$Motion^{(R)}$, and mandibular tracking device, $BioEGN^{(R)}$ with $Rotate!^{(R)}$ program. The data obtained were classified and processed according to body posture and type of lateral guidance with SPSS windows program and the results were as follows: 1. There was significant difference among the three cervical inclinations by body postures. 2. Comparison of mandibular rest positions among body postures showed significant difference only for lateral distance in frontal plane, but comparison between before and after swallowing showed significant difference except for the lateral distance, vice versa. 3. Distance and amount of the rotational torque movement on protrusion and/or lateral excursions didn't show any difference by body posture. But by both body posture and lateral guidance type, there were slightly significant difference for some items. 4. A significant difference was shown for the rotational torque movement in frontal plane on tapping by body postures, for the lateral distance in frontal plane on sitting position by lateral guidance type, and for the rotational torque movement in frontal plane by both body posture and lateral guidance type.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2017

Background: This study was carried out to compare the effects of shoulder stabilization exercise and thoracic extension exercise including deep neck flexor exercise on posture and pain targeting physical therapists and occupational therapists with forward head posture. Methods: A total of 30 physical therapists and occupational therapists (15 males, 15 females), who are working in the nursing hospital at Daejeon, were randomly divided into a shoulder stabilization group (n=10), a thoracic extension exercise (n=10), and a control group (n=10), and 3 times were carried out for 8 weeks. Results: In the results of all measurements, 2 groups except for the control group showed a significant change in the recovery of forward head posture, and the should stabilization exercise group showed a relatively superior effect compared to the thoracic extension exercise group. Conclusions: These results of a study will be a basic data for the development of the forward head posture exercise therapy program.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of abdominal breathing and thoracic expansion exercises on craniovertebral and cranial rotation angles in patients with rotator cuff injury. METHODS: This study enrolled 19 patients with rotator cuff injury, and ten and nine of the patients were randomly placed in abdominal breathing and thoracic expansion exercise groups, respectively. After pain treatment in each group, breathing exercise was conducted thrice a week for four weeks. The patients were recorded by using a digital camera and Image J (version 1.46, National Institutes of Health, USA), an angle measurement program, was used to analyze changes in the craniovertebral angle, cranial rotation angle, and sagittal shoulder posture. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences in the craniovertebral angle were found in both the abdominal breathing and thoracic expansion exercise groups (p<.05). A significant difference in cranial rotation angle was found in the thoracic expansion exercise group only (p<.05). No statistically significant differences in sagittal shoulder posture were found in both groups (p>.05). CONCLUSION: Although abdominal breathing and thoracic expansion exercises did not effectively change sagittal shoulder posture, the exercises were effective in improving craniovertebral and cranial rotation angles. Therefore, abdominal breathing and thoracic expansion exercises are suggested as effective exercise programs for forward head posture.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.293-300
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• 2011

This study was to find out the effect of cervical and thoracic stretching and strengthening exercise program on forward head posture. 32 adults had forward head posture were selected as the subjects for the study. The training program of the exercise group(n=16) consist of postural education with exercise program, subjects in the control group(n=16) participated in a postural education only. Postural measurements of Craniovertebral Angle(CVA) and Cranial Rotation Angle(CRA) were obtained from the using x-ray and PACS(Picture Archiving and Communications System) ${\pi}view^{TM}$. The results were compared with change of CVA and CRA exercise group were significant(p<.05) compared to the control group. However CRA of contol group was significant(P<.05). Also, there were no significant difference(p>.05) between groups on any pre-test measure. however there were significant difference(p<.05) between groups on CVA and CRA post-test measure. This study showed that cervical and thoracic stretching and strengthening exercise program can improve spinal posture alignment for decreasing forward head posture in subjects. These results can be fundamental data for further development of exercise program in interventions of postural improvement.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.586-597
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• 2014

The next generation mobile computing technology is recently attracting attention that smartphone and wearable device imbedded with various sensors are being deployed in the world. Existing activity and posture recognition research can be divided into two different ways considering feature of one's movement. While activity recognition focuses on catching distinct pattern according to continuous movement, posture recognition focuses on sudden change of posture and body orientation. There is a lack of research constructing a system mixing two separate patterns which could be applied in real world. In this paper, we propose a method to use both smartphone and wearable device to recognize activity and posture in the same time. To use smartphone and wearable sensor data together, we designed a pre-processing method and constructed recognition model mixing signal vector magnitude and orientation pattern features of vertical and horizontal. We considered cycling, fast/slow walking and running activities, and postures such as standing, sitting, and laying down. We confirmed the performance and validity by experiment, and proved the feasibility in real world.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.29-41
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• 2020

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to provide evidence for the treatment of Forward Head and Rounded Shoulder Posture (FHRSP) using posture correction exercises by comparing muscle activity and onset time around the neck and shoulder area during an arm elevation task. METHODS: The subjects were divided into FHRSP (21 persons) and non-FHRSP (19 persons) groups to measure muscle activity and onset time of muscle contraction. Wireless surface electromyography was used to assess the muscle activity and onset time of the right and left sternocleidomastoid (SCM), splenius capitis, anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, serratus anterior, upper trapezius, pectoralis major, and infraspinatus during an arm elevation task. After the pre-measurement, the participants performed the postural correction exercises, and then the post-measurement was conducted. RESULTS: After the posture correction exercises, there were significant differences in the muscle activity and onset time of all muscles in the FHRSP group. The results of the comparison of the muscle onset time during an arm elevation task demonstrated that after the postural correction exercises, the muscle onset time was significantly reduced in the right and left SCM and left splenius capitis, but there were no significant changes in the onset time of other muscles. CONCLUSION: The results of this study help us understand the change in muscle activities and muscle contraction onset time in a person with FHRSP when lifting the arm and suggest the relevant basis to apply the posture correction exercise in clinical settings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.89-96
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• 2023

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of the underwater Ai-Chi exercise on the joint range of motion, balance and posture. METHODS: Thirty-six college students (30 men, 6 women) were divided into a 'low physical activity' groups (Group I). and an 'appropriate physical activity' groups (Group II). The Ai-Chi underwater exercise was conducted three times a week for two weeks for both groups. A goniometer was used to measure the range of motion of the hip joint, and Y-Balance and the posture screen mobile were used to measure the stability of the lower extremities. RESULTS: An evaluation of the range of motion of the hip joint before and after the Ai-Chi exercise showed significant results in the low physical activity group. However, the flexural range showed a significant increase after exercise, but not significant result. In the comparison of the mean increase between groups, only the right hip joint showed a significant difference in both groups. Also, in the comparison of the Y balance test and posture screen test before and after exercise, both groups showed significant. CONCLUSION: The Ai-Chi underwater exercise helped improve the range of motion of the hip joint and the ability to balance. Also It helped improve posture alignment. In addition, although the increase in all physical activity groups lower than the appropriate physical activity groups was greater in all figures, the increase in the number of samples, the extension of the experimental period, and various variables could be obtained.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.299-306
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• 2009

In this study, pulse waves were measured at radial artery using non-invasive tonometric pulse pressure measurement system, SphygmoCor(AtCor, Australia), according to subject's posture. Then it was analysed whether the pulse wave parameters, which contain heart activities, change among three different postures (upright stand, sit, and supine). And it was also verified that the pulse wave parameters change among blood pressure level groups(hypotensive, normotensive, and hypertensive). As a results, posture effects were verified in time information of pulse wave rather than amplitude. But some parameters calculated by ratio of two amplitude, such as augmented index(AI) and ratio of central aortic pulse and radial artery pulse, showed significant difference according to postures. In post hoc test, time to the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ pulse peak(P_$T_1$, and P_$T_2$), ED(ejection duration), and HR(heart rate) showed significant difference among posture groups with each other. In comparison of blood pressure groups, it was verified that the parameters related to amplitude of pulse wave showed significant difference rather than time information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.41-42
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• 2011