• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2005

The tomato ripening associated membrane protein (TRAMP) (Fray et al., 1994) is a member of the major intrinsic protein (MIP) family, defined as channels facilitating the passage of water and small solutes through membranes. During normal fruit ripening the TRAMP mRNA levels were increased whereas the expression levels of TRAMP in low ethylene ACO1-sense suppressed lines, Nr and rin fruits, were lower than at the breaker stage of wild type fruit. TRAMP mRNA is inhibited by $LaCl_3$, which is an inhibitor of $Ca^{2+}$-stimulated responses, treatment but drought condition did not affect TRAMP expression. The levels of TRAMP mRNA transcripts were substantially higher in the dark treated seedlings and fruits. These suggest that TRAMP function as a water channel may be doubted because of several reasons; no water content was changed during ripening in wild type, antisense and overexpression lines, TRAMP expression under light condition was lower than dark condition and TRAMP expression was not changed in drought condition. Co-suppression plant, 3588 was one of sense suppression lines, which contain CaMV 35S promoter and sense pNY507 cDNA, produced small antisense RNA, approximately 21-25 nucleotides in length, mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Therefore, TRAMP expression was inhibited by small antisense and multiple copies might induce gene silencing without any production of double strand RNA. Total seven selected volatile productions, isobutylthiazole, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, hexanal, hexenal methylbutanal, hexenol, and methylbutanol, were highly reduced in sense line whereas total volatile production was increased in TRAMP antisense line. These results suggested TRAMP might change volatile related compounds.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.153-164
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• 2017

이중나선형 RNA (dsRNA)를 이용한 유전자 발현 억제기술이 다양한 생명체에서 기능 유전체학을 연구하는 데 이용되고 있다. 이 기술의 원리는 전사후 단계에서 유전자 발현을 조절하는 RNA 간섭에 기인된다. dsRNA를 이용하여 특정 유전자의 발현 억제는 심각한 치사효과를 줄 수 있다. 이러한 분자기작을 해충 방제에 적용하여 특정 dsRNA를 이용한 새로운 살충제를 개발하고 있다. 본 종설은 dsRNA를 이용한 RNA간섭 원리를 설명하고 이를 이용한 해충 방제를 구현한 여러 예를 살펴본다. 그리고 해충방제를 실현시키기 위해 현재 이 기술이 담고 있는 한계를 고찰하고 이에 대한 대응 방안을 본 종설에서 제공하고자 한다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.375-381
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• 2016

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (~22 nucleotides) regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. By directing the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to bind specific target mRNAs, miRNA can repress target genes and affect various biological phenotypes. Functional miRNA target recognition is known to majorly attribute specificity to consecutive pairing with seed region (position 2-8) of miRNA. Recent advances in a transcriptome-wide method of mapping miRNA binding sites (Ago HITS-CLIP) elucidated that a large portion of miRNA-target interactions in vivo are mediated not only through the canonical "seed sites" but also via non-canonical sites (~15-80%), setting the stage to expand and determine their properties. Here we focus on recent findings from transcriptome-wide non-canonical miRNA-target interactions, specifically regarding "nucleation bulges" and "seed-like motifs". We also discuss insights from Ago HITS-CLIP data alongside structural and biochemical studies, which highlight putative mechanisms of miRNA target recognition, and the biological significance of these non-canonical sites mediating marginal repression.