• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.61-73
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• 2021

Purpose: The transition from a traditional to a modern food distribution system induces several adjustments on the supply side since supermarkets must collect food on a larger scale and with higher quality standards. This situation becomes a real challenge for small scale farmers to access supply in a modern distribution channel. This gives rise to an original solution: supplying supermarkets through farmer associations or cooperatives. Based on this context of Vietnam linking to the case of distribution science, the paper proposes an industrial organization model of the food processing system in developing countries. The model presents the competitive relationship between two competing distribution systems: a traditional and a modern one. The former is composed of several retailers that sell their products on the traditional market while the latter is based on cooperatives that collect food and negotiate with supermarkets. The current study is to discuss the conditions under which the evolution of the food distribution system occurs by using the proposed model. Research design, data, and methodology: Based on the proposed model, the study explored the quantity flow from small producers to consumers through a Nash equilibrium and address the question of farmer repartition by a free-entry equilibrium. Results: The result shows that there is a unique positive equilibrium in the food market with participation of cooperative associations; Since farmers serve cooperative associations, they not only receive quantity incentive prices but also share profits within their organization. Conclusions: This study shows a unique distribution equilibrium where the profits of farmers working for middlemen and cooperatives are maximized. Further insights were discussed.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.453-459
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• 2020

A sea trial of the speed performance test is the one of the most important means of verifying a ship's performance, and the International Organization for Standardization established a standard for this test in 2015. Environmental disturbances such as wind and waves are always present under real sea conditions, however, so it is impossible to accurately estimate delivered horsepower under ideal conditions. These disruptive influences also make it difficult to evaluate the positive effect of recently developed energy-saving devices. In this study, uncertainty analysis of improved speed performance was carried out using Monte Carlo simulation to confirm the energy-saving efficiency of a ship equipped with an air-lubrication system. The findings showed the average power saving to be 3.2%, with the expanded uncertainty of ± 2.7% at a 95% confidence level (k=2).

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.623-631
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• 2020

In the era of COVID-19 global pandemic, e-learning has become new standards and daily life in the name of 'new normal'. This study developed dialogue e-learning contents as opposed to monologue e-learning which is unidirectional and instructor centered and conducted qualitative user experience evaluation of dialogue e-learning contents. A total number of 20 adult students participated and were individually interviewed. Qualitative data analysis was performed. The findings include students' positive perceptions of dialogue e-learning contents such as empathy for various ideas and new format. With regard to personal preference, 55% of participants preferred dialogue e-learning contents because it enables them to focus and share real experiences. Meanwhile, in terms of learning effects, 60% participants selected monologue e-learning contents and mentioned adequate explanations of concepts and explicit information delivery. Based on the results, suggestions on the design and development of dialogue e-learning contents were presented.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.102-107
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• 2021

In the case of long-term hospitalization for young patients, 'Hospital Schools' are operated to pursue school classes and to develop social and emotional abilities for them. However, face-to-face classes at hospital schools have been completely prohibited, and the untact or limited contact environment has been strengthened even for young patients due to the COVID-19 in recent years. Augmented Reality(AR) technology enables the development of experiential content with virtual environments, objects and characters similar to real life. The developed contents should revitalize the imagination of young patients living only in hospitals and allow them to experience, not only acquiring knowledge, but also improving interpersonal skills and sociality. This study is intended to provide diverse adventures and in-depth choice experiences to young patients who are struggling in an environment of untact and limited contact by creating experiential fairy tale contents using AR technology. In addition, long-term hospitalized children will be able to cultivate the will to overcome illness with positive emotions through the augmented reality experience fairy tale content studied and implemented in this study.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 2021

Irregularities of a building in plan and elevation, which results in the change in stiffness on different floors highly affect the seismic performance and resistance of a structure. This study motivated to investigate the seismic responses of high-rise steel-frame buildings of twelve stories with various stiffness irregularities. The building has five spans of 3200 mm distance in both X- and Z-directions in the plan. The design package SAP2000 was adopted for the design of beams and columns and resulted in the profile IPE500 for the beams of all floors and box sections for columns. The column cross-section dimensions vary concerning the number of the story; one to three: 0.50×0.50×0.05m, four to seven: 0.45×0.45×0.05 m, and eight to twelve: 0.40×0.40×0.05 m. Real recorded ground accelerations obtained from the Vrancea earthquake in Romania together with dead and live loads corresponding to each story were considered for the applied load. The model was validated by comparing the results of the current method and literature considering a three-bay steel moment-resisting frame of eight-story height subject to seismic load. To investigate the seismic performance of the buildings, the time-history analysis was performed using ABAQUS. Deformed shapes corresponding to negative and positive peaks were provided followed by the story drifts and fragility curves which were used to examine the probability of collapse of the building. From the results, it was concluded that regular buildings provided a seismic performance much better than irregular buildings. Furthermore, it was observed that building with torsional irregularity was more vulnerable to seismic failure.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.571-578
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• 2021

This study compares Online SW-based maker education in terms of self-efficacy, learning motivation, and interest after applying differently according to blended learning strategies. First, a SW maker program for blended learning was developed and applied as a live seminar-type class including real-time interactive and a support-providing class consisting of online content and Q&A. As a result of comparing the differences between students according to the two strategies divided into pre- and post- survey, in the self-efficacy part, there was a significant difference in the positive efficacy and the overall part, and in the learning motivation part, the live seminar form was significantly higher in the confidence part. In the interest part, the support-providing form showed a significantly higher average in the instrumental interest and nervous part. In order to maintain the effect of maker activities like existing face-to-face situations in Online learning, it is necessary to increase sharing time between students, an integrated learning environment, and sufficient provision of exploration time and learning materials.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.277-301
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• 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the sentiment responses of the general public to non-face-to-face work using text mining methodology. As the number of non-face-to-face complaints is increasing over time, it is difficult to review and analyze in traditional methods such as surveys, and there is a limit to reflect real-time issues. Approach This study has proposed a method of the research model, first by collecting and cleansing the data related to non-face-to-face work among tweets posted on Twitter. Second, topics and keywords are extracted from tweets using LDA(Latent Dirichlet Allocation), a topic modeling technique, and changes for each section are analyzed through DTM(Dynamic Topic Modeling). Third, the complaints of non-face-to-face work are analyzed through the classification of positive and negative polarity in the COVID-19 section. Findings As a result of analyzing 1.54 million tweets related to non-face-to-face work, the number of IDs using non-face-to-face work-related words increased 7.2 times and the number of tweets increased 4.8 times after COVID-19. The top frequently used words related to non-face-to-face work appeared in the order of remote jobs, cybersecurity, technical jobs, productivity, and software. The words that have increased after the COVID-19 were concerned about lockdown and dismissal, and business transformation and also mentioned as to secure business continuity and virtual workplace. New Normal was newly mentioned as a new standard. Negative opinions found to be increased in the early stages of COVID-19 from 34% to 43%, and then stabilized again to 36% through non-face-to-face work sentiment analysis. The complaints were, policies such as strengthening cybersecurity, activating communication to improve work productivity, and diversifying work spaces.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.597-603
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• 2022

With the continuation of the pandemic environment, digital transformation is being applied in various fields of the fashion industry. Augmented reality technology is a form of overlapping virtual images on the real world, and as online shopping expands in non-face-to-face environments, the use of augmented reality technology in fashion and beauty fields is affecting consumer satisfaction and sales growth. In this study, the characteristics of augmented reality contents used in the fashion industry following digital transformation were extended to the fields of clothing, accessories, virtual fashion stores, and AR fashion shows to analyze the case characteristics of augmented reality. Augmented reality technology in the fashion industry focuses on promoting clothing and accessory products through SNS or homepage through marketing activities. It is raising positive values such as raising awareness. The range of types of augmented reality used in the future digital fashion environment will continue to expand, and by deriving the usage characteristics of augmented reality technology, it is intended to contribute to presenting a future vision of the fashion industry.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.227-232
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• 2022

This thesis studies and analyzes the performative expression and meaning of ceramic performance art in the diversifying contemporary ceramic art. Therefore, after analyzing the ceramic performance works of Miquel Barcelό, Josef Nadj, Kang-hyo Lee, Teri Frame, and J. J. McCracken, I tried to find out the performativity and effectiveness of the performance. As a result of the study, the ceramic performance shows the expandability beyond the expression form and production process shown in general ceramic artworks through physical actions using clay. In addition, the real-time performance of the actor is a process embodiment of creating an event, and the open structure in which the artist and the audience relate to each other enables interpretation and understanding in a different way than before. Convergence attempts with other media imply borderlessness in contemporary ceramics and show the possibility of expanding into new field. This is expected to have a positive impact that breaks the ideological frame of the ceramic arts field, which has strong craft characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.236-244
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• 2022

Objective : To evaluate the interactions among differentially expressed autophagy and mitophagy markers in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Methods : The expression data of autophagy and mitophagy-related makers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The markers included death-associated protein kinase (DAPK)-1, BCL2 interacting protein 3 like (BNIP3L), Bcl-1 antagonist X, phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase (PINK), Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1, nuclear dot protein 52, and p62. In silico functional analyses including gene ontology enrichment and the protein-protein interaction network were performed. Results : A total of 56 SAH patients were included and 22 (38.6%) of them experienced DCI. The DCI patients had significantly increased mRNA levels of DAPK1, BNIP3L, and PINK1, and increased expression of BECN1 compared to the non-DCI patients. The most enriched biological process was the positive regulation of autophagy, followed by the response to mitochondrial depolarization. The molecular functions ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding and ubiquitin-protein ligase binding were enriched. In the cluster of cellular components, Lewy bodies and the phagophore assembly site were enriched. BECN1 was the most connected gene among the differentially expressed markers related to autophagy and mitophagy in the development of DCI. Conclusion : Our study may provide novel insight into mitochondrial dysfunction in DCI pathogenesis.