• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.59-73
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• 2013

Objectives: The study is aimed at examining the individual reasons and regional/environmental factors of online search on suicide using social big data to predict practical behaviors related to suicide and to develop an online suicide prevention system on the governmental level. Methods: The study was conducted using suicide-related social big data collected from online news sites, blogs, caf$\acute{e}$s, social network services and message boards between January 1 and December 31, 2011 (321,506 buzzes from users assumed as adults and 67,742 buzzes from those assumed as teenagers). Technical analysis and development of the suicide search prediction model were done using SPSS 20.0, and the structural model, nd multi-group analysis was made using AMOS 20.0. Also, HLM 7.0 was applied for the multilevel model analysis of the determinants of search on suicide by teenagers. Results: A summary of the results of multivariate analysis is as follows. First, search on suicide by adults appeared to increase on days when there were higher number of suicide incidents, higher number of search on drinking, higher divorce rate, lower birth rate and higher average humidity. Second, search on suicide by teenagers rose on days when there were higher number of teenage suicide incidents, higher number of search on stress or drinking and less fine dust particles. Third, the comparison of the results of the structural equation model analysis of search on suicide by adults and teenagers showed that teenagers were more likely to proceed from search on stress to search on sports, drinking and suicide, while adults significantly tended to move from search on drinking to search on suicide. Fourth, the result of the multilevel model analysis of determinants of search on suicide by teenagers showed that monthly teenagers suicide rate and average humidity had positive effect on the amount of search on suicide. Conclusions: The study shows that both adults and teenagers are influenced by various reasons to experience stress and search on suicide on the Internet. Therefore, we need to develop diverse school-level programs that can help relieve teenagers of stress and workplace-level programs to get rid of the work-related stress of adults.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.121-131
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• 2017

The most important points in the field of entrepreneurship research are new venture creation and behaviors for start-up venture. Most of past researches are limited to the formation of entrepreneurial intention, and researches on entrepreneurial activities, specifically nascent entrepreneurial behavior, have not been studied well. In this study, we view entrepreneurial process as gestation process from entrepreneurial intention to nascent entrepreneurial activities, and identify the moderating effects of cognitive style, which is the way of thinking about the information in entrepreneurial process. In addition, we find the moderating effects of cognitive style on the relationships between perceived barriers and support in environmental factors and nascent entrepreneurial activities. Subjects of this study are potential entrepreneurs. So we selected university students who are taking venture start-up course, conducted a survey, collected 367 questionnaires. In statistical test, we applied PLS-SEM for testing hypotheses because CB-SEM is too sensitive to test more than two moderating effects in th research model. As a result of the analysis, it was found that entrepreneurial intention, cognitive planning style, cognitive creative style, perceived support had a significant effect on nascent entrepreneurial behavior. The results of the analysis of the moderating effects of cognitive style which are the hypotheses in the research are as follows. First, the cognitive planning style did not have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and nascent entrepreneurial activities. Second, in the relationship between perceived barriers and nascent entrepreneurial activity, cognitive planning style did not have significant moderating effect, and cognitive creating style had significant negative moderating effect. Third, in the relationship between perceive support and nascent entrepreneurial activity, cognitive planning style had significant positive moderating effect, and cognitive creating style did not have significant moderating effect.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.191-212
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• 2012

With the introduction of the Capital Market Integration Act in 2009, the new competitive scope and paradigm is opened in Korean financial services market. The change of financial industry and institutions will lead to the behavioral change of customers who consume and choose financial services. While researches from the financial perspective have been conducted, works from the marketing or customer oriented approach has long been relatively ignored. The purpose of this study is to investigate influencing factors and process of financial services customers' choice behavior. More specifically, the main theme is how to enhance customer brand loyalty and purchase intention through the perception of overall quality of the service product. An integrated conceptual model including antecedents, mediating variables and consequences is established through comprehensive literature reviews of extant works on environmental change, customer behavioral change and choice behaviors. Hypothesis testing is done with SEM analysis. According to the results, the attractiveness of financial product, the reputation of financial firm, and self-brand image congruence among exogenous variables make a positive effect on perceived overall quality. And perceived overall quality has a significant effect on brand loyalty.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.79-105
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• 2020

While individual enterprises with different objectives each other within supply chains require a variety of resources to achieve their own seeking goals and performances, it is necessary to form interdependent relationships among the enterprises to secure the resources what they need, as the individual enterprises are supposed to have limitations on such as time, space and cost to secure all the resources. In this process, conflict possibilities rise and opportunistic behaviors increase due to those environmental factors such as unbalanced information among enterprises, limited rationality, pursuit of interests, and risk aversion. Those existing studies on conflicts in the field of supply chains have limitations in that they failed to present specific conflict management strategies based on the conflict types from the perspective of the conflict resolution mechanism as the studies have made only focused on investigating the causes of conflicts and the impact of conflicts on performance. In this study, therefore, it used the TKI model of Kilmann and Thomas(1977) to subdivide the conflict management strategies in the process of transactions within supply chains by enterprises, and looked into the impact on partnership and performance according to each strategy. As the results, it showed that those types of conflict management strategies such as concession type and cooperation type had a positive(+) impact on the relationship commitment as a factor of partnership, and it was identified that the relationship commitment had a positive(+) impact on performance. In other words, it can be considered that the enterprises making use of the concession type & the cooperation type conflict management strategies under the situation of conflict would be able to have a very positive impact on their performances if they can make good relationship commitment such as investments in and efforts for the sustainable relationship along with the conflict management, while recognizing the importance of relationship. The most important meaning of this study lies on in terms of that it would be contributable to strengthening the partnership between enterprises and minimizing the risk of supply chains caused by conflicts through these results from the study.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2000

Objects：This study was designed for studying of current Korean adolescents computer game playing habits and exploring associations with parental rearing patterns and individual psychopathology. Methods：One hundred twenty four adolescents(age 13-15) who reside in urban area completed self-report questionnaires containing Questionnaires designed by authors, Symptom Checklist-90-Revision of Korean Version(SCL-90-R) and Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI). Results：1) Computer game playing appears to be one of the social and leisure phenomena in these days. Although Adolescents spend a lot of times on computer game, Many of them perceive not problematic. 2) Compared with females, Male play computer games more regularly, more longer, spent more times in gamebang. 3) There was positive relationship between anxiety subscale in SCL-90-R and detrimental effects of computer game. 4) There was positive relationship between game frequency and maternal overprotection. 5) The main reasons for playing are 'for an avoidance of stressful life events', academic burden was the most troublesome issues in korean adolescents. 6) Many adolescents use gamebang as a social place, but they thought that gamebang is not good places to have a good time. Conclusion：This papers shows that computer game playing is a popular social leisure activity in Korean adolescents. And, Most of korean adolescents reported that they are suffered from pressure of academic achievements. They use computer game mainly by means of relieving academic pressures. In a heavy game users who have many conflicts with parents, teacher and who has frequent truancy and social withdrawal show significant anxiety. Maternal overprotection was observed in heavy game users. Authors recommended that clinicians should be careful in examining heavy computer game behaviors. Both underlying affective states and environmental influences, including family situations should be vicariously examined.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 1986

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of arsenic (As) fractions in paddy soils in relation to some soil characteristics and to find out the relationship between As fractions in soil and As content in brown rice. Soils and rice samples were collected from paddy field adjacent to arsenic mining and refinery sites. Sequential extraction procedures were used to fractionate As in soils into the designated forms of water soluble-As, Al-As, Fe-As, Ca-As, and residual-As. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The percent distribution of As fractions in soil showed a wide difference depending on some soil properties. The relative abundance of the extractable inorganic As fractions was in the order of Fe-As>Al-As>Ca-As>Water soluble-As regardless of mining and refinery sites. Residual-As fraction was more abundant in mining site than in refinery site. 2. With increasing soil pH, the percent distribution of Fe-As and Al-As fractions were decreased, but that of Ca-As and Residual-As fractions increased. The percent distribution of Al-As fraction in soil was negatively correlated with soil CEC, but others showed positive relationships. 3. Active Al and Fe content, and exchangeable Ca content in soil were positively correlated with the percent distribution of Al-As, Fe-As, and Ca-As fractions in soil respectively, and higher correlation between them was shown in mining site than in refinery site. 4. Soil As fractions, except for water soluble-As, showed significant correlation with among each others and also with 1N HCl extration method using as the common soil As extractant in Korea. 5. Arsenic content in brown rice had highly significant correlation with Al-As fraction in soil and it also showed significant correlation with Fe-As and Ca-As fractions, Total-As, and 1N-HCl extractable As.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.259-274
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• 2019

Using portable XRF and SWIR analyzer, the characteristics of element dispersion and wallrock alterations induced by interaction between hydrothermal fluids and host rocks were investigated and ore exploration factors were estimated for the orogenic-type Samgwang Au deposits. On this purpose, in-situ measurements were conducted for 804 spots at regular intervals with a total of 4,824 times for host rocks, consisting of schist and gneiss, and altered wallrocks contacted with quartz veins in the Bonhang adit of the deposit, and the results were compared with quantitative data obtained by XRF and ICP analysis. The regression coefficients are 0.88 for major elements and 0.56 for trace elements, excluding V. For polished rock slabs, better results came out for major elements, 0.97 and for trace elements, 0.65. In altered wallrocks contacted with quartz veins, elements such as Fe, Zn, and Rb exhibit positive correlations with As in concentrations, while V forms a negative trend. Contour maps demonstrate that As, Zn, Rb, Fe, Ti, Cr, and Ni are enriched together near quartz veins, showing similar elemental behaviors. In-situ analysis using portable SWIR analyzer represents that schist and gneiss contain mica, illite, chlorite, sericite, amphibole, and epidote, while illite, sericite, gypsum, and mica are present in the altered rocks contacted with quartz veins. In contour maps, chlorite occurs mostly in host rocks, while sericite is concentrated near quartz veins. These results are similar to those of previous studies for element dispersion and hydrothermal alteration, and support the possibility for application of in-situ analysis on the exploration of orogenic gold deposit.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.53-68
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• 2014

This study is aimed at analyzing the factors that affect the behaviors of employee's investment, such as a decision making process in a variety of views and proving the extent of how those factors influence on their investment. The basic assumption is that the preceding factors that can be determined by the personal investment propensity, a psychological factor asserted by Behavior Financial Theory and financial-economic and social environment. This study uses Hershey's Investment Behavior Model(2007) as the main analysis tool to explain the investment behavior of individuals and deals with personal investment inclination in the psychological perspective of overconfidence, self-control and the risk tolerance propensity and add the financial and economic factors in terms of financial literacy and economic distress. Also the new preceding social environmental factors like social interaction and the effect of reference group are added to make this research to be more precise. This study analyze the adjustment effect of professional invest-consulting service that affect the fluctuation influence between the individual variables(those factors) and subordination variable(the level of investment satisfaction). The study reveals that overconfidence and self-control in direct ways have a positive effect on the level of investment satisfaction in terms of investment behavior and economic distress has a negative effect on the level of investment satisfaction. The adjustment effect provided by financial experts in investment consulting service is affirmed as the critical factor that increase the influence between self-control and the level of investment satisfaction. To conclude, the research reveals that the psychological factors are the main criteria when the workers as employees have to make investment decisions. To make investors be reasonable, a systematic financial education system provided by experts is needed from the early adolescent stages and financial companies should develop the relevant services of consulting service department as a key financial sector and financial investment products and consulting program and marketing tool pertinent to investors ages, vocational traits and their inclinations.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.109-130
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• 2022

The Vietnamese government has proposed contract farming through a new type of cooperative as an institutional innovation which aims to restructure the agricultural sector. However, policy changes often impact farmers, who bear the primary effects of the transition process. Understanding households' strategies for land use and livelihood is crucial for policymaking in the agricultural development field. This study was conducted in the rural Binh Dao commune in Central Vietnam. We analyzed household members' labor force changes and their livelihood behaviors after their participation in a contract farming scheme using qualitative analysis methods combined with geographic information system (GIS) support, based on secondary data and in-depth interviews of 190 farmers. Simultaneously, we created a digital map of the cooperative's production area to investigate changes in land use and production activities. The findings show that contract farming shaped the vertical coordination of the value chain from the farmers to the cooperative and agricultural product trading companies. Subsequently, it encouraged land use and labor efficiency due to mechanical support. In addition, it also increased productivity and protected farmers from market risks. However, despite its positive effects on agricultural productivity in this case, the contract farming scheme could not achieve the restructuring of the rural labor force toward non-agricultural sectors. Ironically, farmers in the Binh Dao commune tended to increase cultivable land during the agricultural restructuring program, rather than switching their labor forces to non-agricultural sectors. The lack of stable non-farming job opportunities in rural Vietnam results in challenges to the efficiency of agricultural restructuring programs. Consequently, farmers in the Binh Dao commune are still smallholder farmers, depending on the family labor force.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.146-160
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• 2023

The spread of non-face-to-face services due to the COVID-19 pandemic has brought many changes in consumers' purchasing behavior and attracted much attention to new services. Could trying new services caused by this sudden environmental change alter consumers's choice patterns? This study proposes the research question of whether these new service experiences can change consumers' existing choice behavior, especially for risk-averse consumers who maintain their existing choice behavior or prefer safe alternatives. In this study, we examined whether trying out an unmanned payment services, one of innovative services that emerged after the pandemic crisis, can change the existing choice behavior of risk-averse consumers, i.e., make them more likely to prefer risky alternatives to safe alternatives. To accomplish these research goals, this research conducted one pilot survey and one study. The results of pilot survey showed that the stronger the prevention-focus tendency, the lower the self-efficacy to use the innovative service, with a negative relationship between them. Based on these findings, the study used an experimental method to examine the interaction effects between the use of innovation services and consumers' regulatory focus in a choice behavior and to explore the psychological mechanisms behind them. According to the results, it is found that prevention-focused consumers were more likely to choose risky alternatives and dissimilar extended brands following a trial of an unmanned payment service compared to not using that service. In contrast, promotion-focused consumers did not show different choice patterns regardless of following a trial of an innovative service. Furthermore, these results for prevention-focused consumers confirm the role of self-efficacy as a psychological mechanism. These findings shed light on the role of self-efficacy which has discussed in positive psychology into marketing area. Moreover, practical and academic implications are suggested by the finding that behavioral change occurs in risk-averse consumers, who are known to be hesitant to try new behaviors, indicating market expansion related to potential consumers for the use of the innovation services.