• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.24-30
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• 2009

Rare earth based calcium aluminate phosphor ($CaAl_2O_4:Eu^{2+}$, $Nd^{3+}$) supported $TiO_2$ nanoparticles are synthesized by using sol-gel method, which are further characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), diffuse reflectance UV-Visible spectroscopy (DRS UV-Vis) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD pattern of as-prepared and sintered phosphor supported $TiO_2$ does not show the tendency to change the crystal structure from anatase to rutile phase up to $600^{\circ}C$. This indicates that the phosphor support might inhibit the densification and crystallite growth by providing dissimilar boundaries. The diffuse reflectance spectral (DRS) measurements showed shift towards longer wavelength indicating reduction in the band-gap energy as compared to free $TiO_2$. The FT-IR spectra of phosphor supported $TiO_2$ nanoparticles show shift in the peak positions to lower wavelengths. This indicates that the $TiO_2$ nanoparticles are not free, but covalently bonded to the phosphor support. TEM micrographs show presence of crystalline and spherical $TiO_2$ nanoparticles (8 - 15 nm diameter) dispersed uniformly on the surface of phosphor.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5423-5433
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• 2013

This study has analyzed the factors related to everyday stress, professional stress, and professional satisfaction experienced while performing administrative duties in unit of school, concerning administrative education government officials. The study period was set from March 10 to March 30, 2013, and the subjects of study was set as 122 employees of Cheongwon-gun, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, working as administrative education government officials. The spsswin18.0 program was used for data analysis, and the t-test, and frequency analysis and credibility were also analyzed. The positive analysis was verified at a significant level of 5%. The results of the analysis displayed regarding the Professional Satisfaction pursuant to demographic Characteristic, the difference of Professional Satisfaction between positions was meaningful. However, the differences between sex, age, religion, educational background, marital status, school level, school scale, career, drinking, smoking were not analyzed as meaningful at a significant level of 5%. With regard to Sub-factors of Professional Satisfaction for Demographic Characteristic, the factors in the part of human resource management, human relation, and job capacity were analyzed as meaningful but organizational atmosphere was analyzed as not meaningful at a significant level of 5%. Also with regard to the stress on Quantitative Role among Sub-factors of Professional Stress by Demographic Characteristic, the difference between age, school level, position, career, smoking was meaningful. With regard to career development, the difference between smoking was meaningful. With regard to the stress on role conflict and ambiguity, the difference for demographic characteristic was analyzed as not meaningful at a significant level of 5%. This study implies that the social environmental consideration is required for administrative education government officials, and it is regarded that consideration is required sequentially to developing job capacity, human relation, organizational atmosphere, rather than to human resource management.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.404-411
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• 2009

We introduce in this paper a new method for smooth foldover-free warping of images, based on the vector field deformation technique proposed by Von Funck et al. It allows users to specify the constraints in two different ways: positional constraints to constrain the position of a point in the image and gradient constraints to constrain the orientation and scaling of some parts of the image. From the user-specified constraints, it computes in the image domain a C1-continuous velocity vector field, along which each pixel progressively moves from its original position to the target. The target positions of the pixels are obtained by solving a set of partial derivative equations with the 4th order Runge-Kutta method. We show how our method can be useful for texture mapping with hard constraints. We start with an unconstrained planar embedding of a target mesh using a previously known method (Least Squares Conformal Map). Then, in order to obtain a texture map that satisfies the given constraints, we use the proposed warping method to align the features of the texture image with those on the unconstrained embedding. Compared to previous work, our method generates a smoother texture mapping, offers higher level of control for defining the constraints, and is simpler to implement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.200-211
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• 2019

This study analyzed the factors related to the job satisfaction and turnover rate of students in the skin care contract department, and suggested ways to enhance long-term employee retention. Frequency analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed using the SPSS statistical program and based on the survey data of 260 skin care contract students. The main results were as follows. First, contract students had high job satisfaction because of sufficient in-service training during the internship and also received the authority to perform the job duties of their positions. Second, the regular technical education for the job of contract students gave them confidence in job performance and job confidence, which led to long-term employee retention. Third, contractual students' turnover was reduced by applying compensation such as incentives, awards, and promotion opportunities in accordance with their work performance. Therefore, the results of the study suggest that compensation based on job performance, and the confidence in job performance of skin care contract students, can lead to increased job satisfaction, a reduced turnover rate and better long-term employee retention.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.25-31
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• 2020

In this study, for the safe use of a portable ultrasonic skin-beauty device, an android app was developed to show the irradiation locations of focused ultrasound to a user through augmented reality (AR) and enable stable self-surgery. The utility of the app was assessed through testing. While the user is making a facial treatment with the beauty device, the user's face and the ultrasonic irradiation location on the face are detected in real-time with a smart-phone camera. The irradiation location is then indicated on the face image and shown to the user so that excessive ultrasound is not irradiated to the same area during treatment. To this end, ML-Kit is used to detect the user's face landmarks in real-time, and they are compared with a reference face model to estimate the pose of the face, such as rotation and movement. After mounting a LED on the ultrasonic irradiation part of the device and operating the LED during irradiation, the LED light was searched to find the position of the ultrasonic irradiation on the smart-phone screen, and the irradiation position was registered and displayed on the face image based on the estimated face pose. Each task performed in the app was implemented through the thread and the timer, and all tasks were executed within 75 ms. The test results showed that the time taken to register and display 120 ultrasound irradiation positions was less than 25ms, and the display accuracy was within 20mm when the face did not rotate significantly.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.51-66
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• 1999

Selective attention induces perceptual distortions. ranging from repulsion of objects located near the attended area(Suzuki & Cavanagh. 1997) to magnification of the u unattended objects (Tsal & Shalev. 1996). Two hypothetical mechanisms have been p postulated: a shift of receptive fields' positions away from the locus of attention(receptive-field-recruitment hypothesis) or the enlargement of perceived space around the a attended location(space-enlargement hypothesis). The present study distinguished between these hypotheses by investigating the spatial and temporal properties of attention-induced d distortions. Perceptual judgements on vernier alignment. line tilt. line length were used to measure attention-induced changes in perception. Attention was induced exogenously(by blinking a specific set of dots around the test stimuli} or endogenously(by instructing the subject to selectively attend the dots). After inducing attention. the test stimuli were briefly flashed. A staircase method was used to measure the attentional effect. A vertical line was perceived as repelled from the locus of attention. and a line segment appeared longer when attention was given to its vicinity. The effects decreased as the distance between the locus of attention or the time between the onset of attention and the stimulus presentation increased. The results imply that the space-enlargement hypothesis provides a better explanation for the attention-induced changes in perception than the receptive-field-recruitment hypothesis.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2003

In this article, we investigate some structural properties of head-internal relative clauses in Korean and their development in Korean-speaking children. In this study, we found head-internal relative clauses in Korean has a more limited domain than head-external relative clauses with respect to positions that can be relativized and clause boundaries that the head can move across: in head-internal relative clauses, only a subject or an object can be relativized and doubly embedded clause constitutes a barrier to the movement of the head. We also found that head-internal relative clauses are easier to understand and produce than head-external relative clauses. In addition, we found that head-internal relative clauses emerge earlier than head-external relative clauses in the acquisition of relative clauses in Korean. The preference of young children (aged 4 and 5) for head-internal relative clauses over head-external relative clauses suggests that children like to use head-internal relative clauses at an early developmental stage when they have difficulty in using head-external relative clauses.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.119-126
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• 2011

During precise survey on the top of High rise buildings and civil structures, optical surveying equipments like a Total Station are not recommended to use because of some reasons that uneasier alignment with reflectors located at the top of building, increasing error depends on increasement of observation distance and unavailable dynamic positioning etc. Recently various GPS positioning methods have been applied to this job however almost of them are post-processing method which is required much longer time during for whole process includes stake-out, cross checking, fixing positions and final inspections. Therefore, in this study, we applied with RTK surveying system which allows stake-out and inspection in realtime to avoid delaying of construction schedule and also applied with Quasi Static RTK measurement and network adjustment to get a high accuracy within a few millimeters in structure positioning to achieve a successful management for process and quality control of the project. As a result, very high accurate surveying for structures within approx. 2mm in realtime has been achieved when surveyor conduct a network adjustment using least square method for 4 base lines created by Quasi Static RTK data and we expect this method will be applied to construction survey for high rise buildings and civil structures in the future.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.341-346
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a relationship exists between head posture and phoria, and usefulness in examining habitual head posture. Methods: Twenty two subjects (20 males and 2 females, mean age $23.6{\pm}2.7$ years) with abnormal phoria from participants randomized were enrolled in this study. For all subjects, testing included case history, cover test, refraction, phoria and vergence test. Habitual head posture (head posture, head tilt and face turn) was measured by Impression IST, and observed by examiners. Results: The abnormal head posture was revealed in some subjects with abnormal phoria. Spearman' correlation ($\rho$=0.524, p=0.045) showed significant correction between face turn and phoria at distance in 15 subjects with prism prescription. No significant relationship between head posture and phoria was found in subjects with abnormal phoria. The objective measurement and subjective observation of head posture showed insignificant correction but there was a distinct difference. The former was detail and the latter was discriminate. Conclusions: Presence of abnormal head posture was found in phoric subjects. The results indicate the need to observe habitual head posture at all major positions of gaze in phoria.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.1
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• pp.139-144
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• 2006

Chestnut trees have been severely damaged by the various cankers in Korea. Field surveys for elucidating the relationships between disease occurrence and environmental factors, i.e., tree age, temperature, rainfall precipitation, direction, degree of slope, chemical properties of soils, and so on, were carried out in the chestnut tree plantations located at Gyeongnam, Jeonnam, Chungnam, and Gyeonggi-Do Province. Totally, one thousand and one hundred thirty seven trees from 36 experiment plots were investigated. Trees infected by at least one of the canker fungi were estimated up to 66%. The most severely infested area was Sunchon in Jeonnam Province with the rate of 80%, while the most lightly infested area was Kongju in Chungnam Province with 39%. Disease occurrence was found to be highly correlated with tree age. The disease occurred most frequently on trees ranged from 7 to 12 years old, while it was relatively low on trees below 5 years old or above 25 years old. Canker positions on the tree formed by the pathogenic fungi were most often at 1.6-2.0m above the ground. Over five hundreds bark samples from the canker area on the tree were collected and the pathogenic fungi were isolated. The most commonly isolated fungus was identified as Cryphonectria parasitica, the chestnut blight fungus.