• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.722-727
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• 1999

We carried out immunoblot analyses to study expression and subcellular distribution of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NR) subunits in salmon (Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta). We prepared subcellular fractions such as brain homogenates, synaptosomes, and postsynaptic density (PSD) from salmon brains, and analyzed protein compositions by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In a Coomassie-stained 6% SDS-gel, about 20 distinct major protein bands could be identified in the PSD fraction. Immunoblot analyses using antibodies against rat NR subunit 2A and 2B antigens (NR2A and NR2B, respectively) showed weak but evident signals at the 180 kDa positions in the salmon PSD fractions. However, in contrast to rat NRs, the salmon NR2A and NR2B are not recognized by a phosphotyrosine-specific antibody suggesting that the salmon NRs are regulated differently from those of the rat by protein tyrosine kinases. Our results indicate that NR2A and NR2B subunits are expressed in the salmon PSD fraction but not regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.429-453
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• 2016

This study analyzes circulation patterns of books with checkout transaction count by 11 subject areas, 5 positions, and 5 divisions with a Use Factor developed by Bonn in an Academic Library. 20% of the loan books occupies more than half of circulation and these are regarded as core collection. It proposes a 'Loan books 20/50 rule' that 20% core collection accounts for 50% of its circulation. It analyzes the proportion of core collection from the aspect of each subject area with a use factor, monthly change trend and loan period. It also defines 'book usage' considering checkout frequency of each title and loan period. Circulation patterns of core collection are compared and analyzed in terms of both checkout frequency and book usage. Core collection occupies about more than half of both total checkout transactions and total book usages and they all show a Power Law distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 2012

The position effect of the solid propellant in the combustion chamber on the decrease of the differential pressure has been investigated using the IBcode. Generally the metallic cartridge or CCC (combustible cartridge case) are used to load the propellant of the gun propulsion system. The position of the cartridge(propellant) is, therefore, a major factor for the interior ballistics in case the combustion chamber is larger than the cartridge. In this study, three different positions in the empty space of the chamber have been considered. As results, the case of the propellant located in the region near the base and breech has shown that the negative differential pressure and the difference between the breech pressure and the base pressure are much higher than those of the case of the propellant located in the center of the chamber. The case of the propellant in the center of the chamber is, therefore, more profitable to improve the performance of the interior ballistics.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

Rail-mounted cranes can be easily damaged by a sudden gust of wind while working at a running speed, due to the large mass and high barycenter positions. In current designs, working rail-mounted cranes mainly depend on wheel braking torques to resist large wind load. Regular brakes, however, cannot satisfactorily stop the crane, which induces safety issues of cranes and hence leads to frequent crane accidents, especially in sudden gusts of wind. Therefore, it is necessary and important to study the braking performance of working rail mounted cranes under wind load. In this study, a simplified mechanical model was built to simulate the working rail mounted gantry crane, and dynamic analysis of the model was carried out to deduce braking performance equations that reflect the qualitative relations among braking time, braking distance, wind load, and braking torque. It was shown that, under constant braking torque, there existed inflection points on the curves of braking time and distance versus windforce. Both the braking time and the distance increased sharply when wind load exceeded the inflection point value, referred to as the threshold windforce. The braking performance of a 300 ton shipbuilding gantry crane was modeled and analyzed using multibody dynamics software ADAMS. The simulation results were fitted by quadratic curves to show the changes of braking time and distance versus windforce under various mount of braking torques. The threshold windforce could be obtained theoretically by taking derivative of fitted curves. Based on the fitted functional relationship between threshold windforce and braking torque, theoretical basis are provided to ensure a safe and rational design for crane wind-resistant braking systems.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.117-143
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• 2017

The attack of environmental aggressive agents progressively reduces the structural reliability of buildings and infrastructures and, in the worst exposition conditions, may even lead to their collapse in the long period. A change in the material and sectional characteristics of a structural element, due to the environmental damaging effects, changes its mechanical behaviour and varies both the internal stress redistribution and the kinematics through which it reaches its ultimate state. To identify such a behaviour, the evolution of both the damaging process and its mechanical consequences have to be taken into account. This paper presents a computational approach for the analysis of reinforced and prestressed concrete elements under sustained loading conditions and subjected to given damaging scenarios. The effects of the diffusion of aggressive agents, of the onset and development of the corrosion state in the reinforcement and the corresponding mechanical response are studied. As known, the corrosion on the reinforcing bars influences the damaging rate in the cracking pattern evolution; hence, the damage development and the mechanical behaviours are considered as coupled phenomena. The reliability of such an approach is validated in modelling the diffusion of the aggressive agents and the changes in the mechanical response of simple structural elements whose experimental behaviour is reported in Literature. A second set of analyses studies the effects of the corrosion of the tendons of a P.C. beam and explores potentially unexpected structural responses caused by corrosion under different aggressive exposition. The role of the different types and of the different positions of the damaging agents is discussed. In particular, it is shown how the collapse mode of the beam may switch from flexural to shear type, in case corrosion is caused by a localized chloride attack in the shear span.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.953-956
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• 2016

The risk of developing cervical cancer in women infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) may be influenced by an individual's genetic susceptibility. Published data linking single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) promoter region at positions -308G>A (rs1800629) and -238G>A (rs361525) to cervical cancer risk have been inconclusive. In this study, we examined 251 cervical specimens and classified them into two groups according to their cytological findings: 121 cancer cases and 130 controls (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and normal cytology). All specimens were typed by PCR and sequencing for TNF-${\alpha}$ promoter -308G>A (rs1800629) and -238G>A (rs361525). The genotype distribution of SNPs in either rs1800629 or rs361525 did not significantly demonstrate higher frequency in the cancer group (p=0.621 and p=0.68, respectively). Based on these results, neither the TNF-${\alpha}$ promoter -308G>A (rs1800629) nor the -238G>A (rs361525) polymorphism presents a major risk factor for cervical cancer among Thai women. Larger studies are necessary to elucidate possible genetic mechanisms influencing cervical cancer development.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.403-411
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• 2008

The alignment of facial images is crucial for 2D face recognition. This is the same to facial meshes for 3D face recognition. Most of the 3D face recognition methods refer to 3D alignment but do not describe their approaches in details. In this paper, we focus on describing an automatic 3D alignment in viewpoint of quantitative analysis. This paper presents a framework of 3D face alignment and normalization based on feature points obtained by Active Shape Models (ASMs). The positions of eyes and mouth can give possibility of aligning the 3D face exactly in three-dimension space. The rotational transform on each axis is defined with respect to the reference position. In aligning process, the rotational transform converts an input 3D faces with large pose variations to the reference frontal view. The part of face is flopped from the aligned face using the sphere region centered at the nose tip of 3D face. The cropped face is shifted and brought into the frame with specified size for normalizing. Subsequently, the interpolation is carried to the face for sampling at equal interval and filling holes. The color interpolation is also carried at the same interval. The outputs are normalized 2D and 3D face which can be used for face recognition. Finally, we carry two sets of experiments to measure aligning errors and evaluate the performance of suggested process.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.79-107
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• 2019

Traditionally banks and other financial institutions use customers' accounts and information managed by them and provide payment services in dominant positions. Recently, EU amends Payment Services Directive to institutionally guarantee access to customers' accounts and use of account-related information even to third parties, which facilitates competition in financial markets and promotes innovation. However, this kind of change can increase potential security risks and therefore institutional responses from financial authorities are required so that all participants in financial markets can properly respond to security risks. In this study institutional responses to the security risks in the EU's new Payment Services Directive (PSD2) are analyzed, comparisons between this and domestic electronic financial regulations are analyzed, and implications for the direction of improving domestic electronic financial regulations will be suggested.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.10
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• pp.13-20
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• 2013

Currently, SEAMCAT has been widely used as a tool to evaluate the effects of interference among wireless communication systems. In the previous work, we have incorporated the ITU-R P.526 pathloss model to the existing SEAMCAT in order to support the capability of interference evaluation taking into account any specific terrain characteristics. Along with this, we have implemented a terrain display function based on the Google map. However, the two-dimensional Google map based display is not effective in helping users to figure out some terrain features including the elevation variation in a given region. In order to alleviate this difficulty, we have incorporated the three-dimensional terrain display using the API of the Google earth to the existing SEAMCAT and provided the capability of viewing the positions of the associated communication systems, the variation of the carrier intensity and interference intensity in location, shadow region indication, and line-of-sight analysis and presented an example of interference evaluation.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2009

Density is the most important congestion indicator among the three fundamental flow variables, flow, speed and density. Measuring density in the field has two different ways, direct and indirect. Taking photos with wide views is one of direct ways, which is not widely used because of its cost and lacking of proper positions. Another direct density measuring method using two spot detectors has been introduced with the concept of instantaneous density, average density and measurement interval. The relationship between accuracy and measurement interval has been investigated using the simulation data produced by Paramics API function. Finally, density measurement algorithm has been suggested including exponential smoothing for device development.