• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.455-463
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• 1996

서울 종로구 소재 탑골공원에 모여 있는 남자 노인을 대상으로 식사에 대한 일반적인 사항, 건강 및 균형된 식사의 유무를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조사 대상자의 연령은 70대가 가장 많았으며 학력은 초등 학교 졸업, 전직업으로는 노동 및 농부가 대부분이었다. 아들과 함께 사는 남자 노인이 56.1%였으나 노인 부부 가구 27.3% 및 독신가구 9.1%를 보여 남자 노인 부부 및 독신 가구의 비율이 매우 높았다. 한달 용돈으로 5만원 이하를 사용하는 노인이 가장 많았다. 2. 남자 노인의 41.5%가 불규칙적인 식사를 하였고 이 가운데 대부분이 먹을 것이 없거나 돈이 없어서 점심을 굶는 비율이 높았다. 노인의 식사 준비는 며느리, 부인, 본인, 딸, 복지시설의 순서로 하였으며 식사 준비시 부인이 남자 노인의 식성을 가장 많이 고려하였고, 며느리와 복지시설이 가장 고려하지 않았다(p<.05). 남자노인의 식사 횟수는 함께 식사하는 사람에 따라 유의적 차이(p<.01)를 보여 동거하는 가족과 함께 식사를 할 경우 하루 3회 규칙적인 식사를 하였으나, 독신가구를 형성하고 있는 노인의 식사는 매우 불규칙하였다. 3. 완전의치 및 무치 노인이 32.4%를 차지하여 남자노인의 치아상태가 매우 좋지않았으며 이들은 저작 장애를 보였으나 자연치 노인의 대부분은 식사시 문제가 없었다(p<.05). 노인의 만성질병은 관절염, 소화불량, 고혈압이 비교적 많았고 변비, 당뇨병, 심장병 등도 있었다. 질병에 대한 식이요법보다는 치료약을 복용하는 사람이 더 많았으며 식이요법을 하지 않는 주된 이유는 '먹고 싶은 것을 먹는 것이 더 좋다', '식습관의 변화가 어려워'로 나타났다. 조사 대상자들의 건강보조식품의 섭취 빈도는 매우 낮았으며 다섯 가지 기초식품군에 해당하는 식품들이 건강에 좋은 영향을 미친다고 하였으며, 건강유지를 위하여 즐거운 마음으로 균형된 식사를 하고 운동을 하는 것이 바람직하다고 하였다. 4. 조사대상자의 식습관은 보통수준으로 판정되었으며, 양로원과 같은 복지기관에서 생활하는 노인의 식습관이 가장 좋았고 딸이 식사준비를 할 때 낮았으며(p<.05), 노인의 식성을 고려하여 식사준비를 할 때 높았고 식성이 고려되지 않을 경우 낮았다(p<.001). 스스로 건강하다고 생각하는 남자 노인일수록 식습관 점수가 높았다(p<.001). 5. 아침 식사를 규칙적으로 하는 노인이 77.5%였으며 식사시 식품의 배합을 고려하거나 규칙적으로 녹황색 채소 및 과일을 섭취하는 조사 대상자는 매우 드물었으며 고기·생선·계란 및 콩 등의 단백질 식품, 우유, 과일, 해조류식품이 건강에 유익하다고 알고 있으나 실제 섭취 빈도는 낮았으며, 특히 우유의 섭취가 매우 저조하였다(p<.01). 이상과 같은 결과로 탑골공원에 모여 소일하는 남자노인이 비교적 건강하였고 식습관이 보통 수준이었음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 노인 혼자 식사할수록 불규칙한 식사를 하였고 식습관이 좋지 않았다. 대체적으로 결식 특히 점심결식 비율이 다소 높았는데 그 이유는 식욕이 없거나 경제적인 여유가 없어서로 나타났다. 이러한 문제점들을 개선하기 위하여 우리 나라에서도 미국의 'Lunch program'과 같은 노인 영양프로그램을 개발하여 식사의 동기유발을 불러일으키고 최소한 하루의 한끼는 저가의 균형잡힌 식사를 할 수 있는 제도를 만들어야 하겠다.

• Hip & pelvis
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the methods for treatment of femoral neck fracture (FNF) preferred by members of the Korean Hip Society (KHS) and identified factors that influence decisions regarding the surgical intervention of choice. Materials and Methods: A total of 97 members of the KHS responded to the 16-question survey which included questions about the mean number of surgeries performed each month for treatment of femoral neck fractures, the cut-off age for deciding between internal fixation and arthroplasty, the implant used most often, usage of cement, and factors influencing each decision. Results: The mean cut-off age used when deciding between internal fixation and arthroplasty was 64 years old. Hemiarthroplasty (HA) (70%) was the most preferred option for treatment of displaced FNFs in cases where arthroplasty was indicated (total hip arthroplasty [THA] 19% and dual mobility THA 11%). The main reasons for selection of arthroplasty over reduction with internal fixation were age and pre-fracture ambulatory status. Pre-trauma ambulatory status and/or sports activity were the main factors in selection of HA over THA. Cement was used by 33% of responders. Poor bone quality and a broad femoral canal were factors that influenced the usage of cement. Conclusion: Management of FNFs in the elderly is a major health problem worldwide; thus, remaining alert to current trends in treatment is essential for surgeons. The mean cut-off age used in deciding between internal fixation and arthroplasty was 64 years old. HA is the preferred method for treatment of displaced FNFs for members of the KHS.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.97-121
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• 2010

본 연구는 Health and Retirement Study(HRS) 패널 자료를 사용하여 민간장기요양보험과 재가요양서비스 이용의 결정요인을 파악하고, 민간장기요양보험이 재가서비스 이용에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 민간장기요양보험은 해지율이 높아 시간 경과에 따라 가입상태가 크게 달라지는 특성을 지닌다. 본 연구는 이러한 시간 의존적 변수의 영향력을 살펴보기 위하여 이산시간모델을 사용하였다. 또한 완전정보 최대우도법을 사용하여 민간장기요양보험 가입과 재가요양서비스 이용 간의 내생성을 설명하고자 하였다. 본 연구에 따르면 민간장기요양보험과 메디케이드 가입자가 재가요양서비스를 이용할 확률이 비가입자에 비하여 유의하게 높지 않았고, 소득이나 자산 등의 경제학적 변수도 재가요양서비스를 이용할 확률에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 반면, 건강관련 변수는 재가요양서비스를 이용할 확률에 결정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 비공식 수발자가 존재하는 경우에는 재가 요양서비스를 이용할 확률은 유의하게 낮았다. 민간장기요양보험 가입에 영향을 미치는 요인을 보면, 소득과 자산 등의 경제적 요인과 민간장기요양보험 가입은 유의한 정적 관계에 있었으며, 건강상태가 나쁘고 나이가 많을수록 민간장기요양보험에 가입할 확률이 낮았다. 자녀와 거주하는 경우는 다른 가족과 거주하는 경우보다 민간장기요양보험에 가입할 확률이 유의하게 낮았고, 배우자와 둘만 거주하는 경우는 다른 가족과 거주하는 경우보다 장기요양보험에 가입할 확률이 유의하게 높았다. 마지막으로 위의 연구결과가 미국과 한국의 장기요양시장에 시사하는 바를 제언하였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.271-286
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• 2000

This study is designed to investigate what elders think about the meaning of aging. We have used Q-methods to identify meaning of aging from elders, and developed self-referenced surveys to analyze characteristics In this study, we used a non-structured method to select Q sampling. From 183 Q populations, we selected 36 Q sampling. A total of 32 persons sixty-years or older were randomly selected for P samples, When the Q-sorting was complete, we interviewed the participants at both end of the extremes(agree or disagree), and documented their responses. We used PC QUANL to process the data and used principal component analysis for Q factor analysis. There were five subjective types for the meaning of aging by elders. Of the 32 P-samples of elders, 11 were identified as Type 1, 7 as Type 2, 2 as Type 3, 8 as Type 4, and 4 as Type 5. Type 1 : 'Matured elders' Elders wished the well being of their children, thought older persons should maintain good health, worried about becoming senile, and dependent God believing in life after death. Type 2 : 'Assertive-Rights' Elders categorized as Assertive-Rights insisted on their rights to life as a person. Type 2 elders characterized themselves as people who should keep themselves healthy, become weak and lack sexual desires, act selfish like a child, need to be protected, and be financially independent. Type 3 : 'Passive-Dependents' Elders characterize themselves as those who pray for their children's well being, worry about the children even after their death. and becoming senile. Type 4 : 'Hopeless' The 'Hopeless' type of elders characterized aging as a time to pray for their children, insignificant beings, thoughts were selfish and child-like, poor, worried about going senile, regret their life overall, and preferred to die than to live as an old person. Type 5 : 'Attached-Present' The 'Attached-Present' type of elders thought elderly characterized themselves as acting selfish and child-like, wiser, anxious, regret their life, stand aloof of greed and worldly things, being a model for the society, and deserving to be treated with filial respect. Thus far, Korean elders seemed to have a positive and negative meaning of aging due to the current changes in the society, value system, and family structures. The above five subjective meanings of aging confirm that we need to approach and nurse the elderly differently. Years of aging are a part of and a natural process of life with various physical, psychological, and sociological changes. Nurses need to assist elderly to find the positive meaning of their life by providing appropriate physical, psychological, and social support at an earlier stage in nursing. Based on this study, we could derive the following two implication from the perspectives of science of nursing to care for elders. 1) Based on the studies investigating the type of meaning of aging, we could develop tools to assist in nursing intervention programs for elderly. 2) Based on research on the meaning of aging for different developmental stages of life, we could develop a model for roles for different family members in nursing and caring for the elders.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제83권3호
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• pp.242-247
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term survival rates of very elderly (age ≥80) critically ill patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit (MICU) at a regional tertiary-care hospital in Korea. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients who survived after discharged from the MICU of our hospital. Survival rates at 90 days, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years were assessed between patients age ≥80 and those age <80. Survival status was evaluated using the National Health Insurance Service data. Results: A total of 468 patients were admitted, 286 (179 males, 97 females; mean age, 70.18±13.2) of whom survived and were discharged soon after their treatment. Among these patients, 69 (24.1%) were age ≥80 and 217 (75.9%) were age <80. The 90-day, 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates of patients age ≥80 were significantly lower than those in patients age <80 (50.7%, 31.9%, 15.9% and 14.5% vs. 68.3%, 54.4%, 45.6%, and 40.1%, respectively) (p<0.01). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed significantly lower survival rates in patients age ≥80 than in those age <80 (p=0.001). Conclusion: The poor rates of long-term survival in very elderly (age ≥80) and critically ill patients admitted to an ICU should be considered while managing and treating them.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.206-209
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• 2018

세계보건기구 WHO(World Health Organization)에서 발표한 자료에 따르면, 2016년 실내대기오염으로 인한 사망자 수는 약 380만 명이라고 한다. 많은 사람들은 실외 대기 오염에 대해서는 경각심을 가지고 있지만 실내 대기오염에 대해서는 그만큼의 관심을 받지 않고 있다. 하지만 최근에는 사회적으로도 실내대기오염 또한 큰 문제로 대두되고 있으며, 여러 문제점들을 제기한다. 실내에서 빈번하게 발생할 수 있는 취사, 난방 등의 행동으로 인해 다양한 오염 물질이 생겨나고, 이로 인해 면역력이 약한 영유아, 노인들은 오염물질에 노출되어 폐 기능 저하, 호흡기 질환 등의 건강에 큰 문제를 일으킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 AQ(Air Quality) 센서를 활용해 실내의 대기를 측정하고 모니터링 하는 IoT(Internet of Things) 플랫폼을 개발하여 가정의 대기 상태를 어플리케이션, 반응형 웹을 통해 실시간으로 데이터를 모니터링 할 수 있도록 한다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2023

Objectives : This study aimed to identify the factors that affect the utilization of Korean Medicine within the past year. Methods : I analyzed micro-data from the Korean Medicine Utilization Survey (2020), which surveyed the general public. "User (in last 1 year)" were defined as those who had used Korean Medicine within the past year, while "Non-user (in last 1 year)" were defined as those who had used it in their lifetime but not within the past year. I examined several factors, including general characteristics, perceptions of Korean Medicine, satisfaction with Korean Medicine, and intention for future utilization. I conducted the Rao-Scott chi-squared test and complex sample logistic regression analysis. Results : I analyzed a total of 3,762 respondents, of which 1,442 (36.3%) were User (in last 1 year) and 2,320 (63.7%) were Non-user (in last 1 year). User (in last 1 year) and Non-user (in last 1 year) differed significantly in terms of demographic characteristics, perceptions, and satisfaction with Korean Medicine. Women, the elderly, those with low education levels, non-married individuals, those with low-income, chronic diseases, and poor subjective health conditions were significant factors. Those who used Korean Medicine within the past year were more knowledgeable about Korean Medicine than those who had not used it recently, and recognized herbal medicine as safer. In terms of satisfaction, User (in last 1 year) were more satisfied than Non-user (in last 1 year). The more women, the older, the more aware of Korean Medicine, the safer they perceived herbal medicine, the more satisfied they were with its use, the better their subjective health condition, and the absence of chronic diseases, the less they experienced Korean Medicine. Conclusions : The study showed that positive experiences and perceptions of Korean Medicine increase the likelihood of its utilization. Individuals with better subjective health conditions and without chronic diseases have a lower possibility of using Korean Medicine.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2023

Purposes: Caregivers are placed in a poor working environment because there is no special legal basis or definition in the current medical system, and they have difficulty in supplying manpower due to frequent job change and retirement. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the effect on job consciousness, job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention of caregivers in nursing hospitals for the elderly. Methodology: In this study, a survey was conducted from May 2nd to 16th, 2022, targeting caregivers with more than 6 months of work experience working at 10 nursing hospitals in D City. Data were collected through convenience sampling, and a self-administered questionnaire method was used, in which subjects filled out a questionnaire. A total of 240 questionnaires were distributed, and 220 copies were considered for the final analysis after excluding non-response or inappropriate questionnaires for data use. Data analysis used t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis, and the main results are as follows. Findings: Job stress and job satisfaction showed a significant correlation with the level of turnover intention, and were also found to be major determinants. On the other hand, among the occupational characteristics of the study subjects, employment type, job motivation, service period, number of patients, injury experience, and license status showed a significant difference from turnover intention. Conclusion: As a result of the above research, in order to prevent job turnover and retirement by improving job stress and job satisfaction of caregivers engaged in nursing hospitals, it is necessary not only to legalize caregivers, but also to secure an appropriate level of caregivers for nursing hospitals and improve specific treatment for caregivers. Ultimately, a policy alternative that can provide quality nursing service is required.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to analyze correlations between depression, cognitive function, oral health state, ability to perform activities of daily living, oral dryness symptoms, and oral health-related quality of life, and determine factors influencing the latter. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on questionnaires completed by 260 participants with suspected dementia, residing in South Korea. Psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, and dental hygienists visited clinics in the participating regions for examination and questionnaire administration. General characteristics, the geriatric depression scale, ability to perform activities of daily living, cognitive function, oral health state, and oral health-related quality of life were analyzed. Independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted, identifying factors affecting oral health-related quality of life. Data analysis was performed using SPSS ver. 20.0 (IBM Corp., USA), and the significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Approximately 65.0% of participants were female, 63.5% were in their 70s, and 90.0% had health insurance. About 21.5%, 42.0%, and 36.5% were normal, slightly impaired, and had dementia, respectively. High cognitive impairment was associated with poor oral health. Sex, education levels, marital status, and living arrangements influenced oral health-related quality of life. According to the regression analysis, geriatric depression and oral dryness affected the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index scores. Conclusion: In conclusion, oral dryness and depression levels among elders influenced oral health-related quality of life. The results showed that to enhance elders' oral health-related quality of life, it is essential to not only improve their oral health state, but also relieve oral health problems, especially oral dryness, and take into consideration their psychological aspects.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2011

Long-term care Insurance system for the Elderly was started to respond to the aged society on July 2008 in Korea. So responsibility of the care for the old is being changed from the family to the society. The introduction of that insurance system has brought the growth of demand for care service. To improve the level of quality for care service providers in long-term care, the role of care worker in providers is recognized as important. But welfare system for the care worker seems to be poor. So the Seoul Metropolitan Council is preparing an ordinance for the care worker and the purpose of this study is for the ordinance as well. Questionnaires, interviews, documentary surveys were used to carry out this study. The results of this study are summarized as follows. The job stability is the most important thing for the care worker, so local government has to make efforts to promote the job stability of care worker. A welfare center for care workers is needed for the health for care workers in the local government. And the local government has to supervise service providers more strictly and evaluate them in treatments of care worker.