• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.126-137
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• 2023

Hemodialysis (HD) patients face a common problem of malnutrition due to poor appetite. This study aims to verify the appetite alteration model for malnutrition in HD patients through quantitative data and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework. This study uses the Mixed Method-Grounded Theory (MMGT) method to explore various factors and processes affecting malnutrition in HD patients, create a suitable treatment model, and validate it systematically by combining qualitative and quantitative data and procedures. The demographics and medical histories of 14 patients were collected. Based on the theory, the research design is based on expansion and confirmation sequence. The usefulness and cut-off points of the creatinine index (CI) guidelines for malnutrition in HD patients were linked to significant categories of GT and the domain of ICF. The retrospective CIs for 3 months revealed patients with 3 different levels of appetite status at nutrition assessment and 2 levels of uremic removal. In the same way, different levels of dry mouth, functional support, self-efficacy, and self-management were analyzed. Poor appetite, degree of dryness, and degree of taste change negatively affected CI, while self-management, uremic removal, functional support, and self-efficacy positively affected CI. This study identified and validated the essential components of appetite alteration in HD patients. These MM-GT methods can guide the selection of outcome measurements and facilitate the perspective of a holistic approach to self-management and intervention.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1995

This study was conducted for the purpose of practice of nutrition education and dietary intake for college students. This survey was carried out through a variety of questionnaires by the subjects which consist of 249 male and 208 female college students in Seoul area. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. 75% of the subjects lived in their own houses; the monthly personal expenses were $110{\sim}200$ thousand wons. The appetite of the students who answered was normal in general. The pattern of dietary life shows that they take richer food at dinner than lunch and breakfast. 2. At school, 75% of students ate at the school cafeteria. Among several main dishes, rice was the most favorite food. Most of the subjects ate their lunch between 12 and 1 o'clock, and they spend approximately 11 to 15 minutes. Most of the students did not have lunch on time. The students ate lunch irregularly, because of the class schedule and poor appetite. 3. On weekends and vacations, 56% of the students ate lunch prepared by their mother at home. The two main reasons for skipping lunch during weekends and vacations were late breakfast and poor appetite. The frequency of eating out were $3{\sim}4$ times per week, because of social life and convenience of meal. 4. The majority of college students asked for the improvement of meal quality and the choice of menu in school cafeteria.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권4호통권135호
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• pp.274-277
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• 2003

Agastachis Herba has been used for the treatment of poor appetite, nausea diarrhea and distension of chest. Pogostemonis Herba has been used for the treatment of fever caused by heart stroke, poor appetite, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Pattern recognition for the analysis of Agastachis Herba and Pogostemonis Herba was conducted using PHLC method. Rosmarinic acid from Agastachis Herba was detected at retention time of 14.996 min and quantitative analysis of rosmarinic acid showed average range of $0.183{\pm}0.183%$ (n=4). Rosmarinic acid was not detected from Pogostemonis Herba and we distinguished two medicinal plants by HPLC method.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.103-118
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• 1986

A survey of ecological aspects of food, focused on breakfast of 1,526 adults with various professional occupations such as professors, teachers, employees of government, bank and company, and 1,928 students of various levels in the urban areas, was conducted from March, 1984 to February, 1985. The results were shown as follows: Significancy was found between appetite at breakfast, and bed time, status of sleep, eating outside the home on the previous evening, meal or snack of the previous late evening, and exercise before breakfast. The study showed that only 15.2% of the subjects had a good appetite at breakfast; 28.1% had a poor appetite; others had indifferences. About 45% of the subjects had their evening meal between 7pm. and 8pm.; bank employees had breakfast further later than 9pm.. Surprisingly, 31.3% of the subjects had snacks later than 10pm..Nearly one-fourth of subjects, in general, and 34.4% of the subjects in Seoul, had breakfast by themselves due to different schedules of family members. Breakfast patterns of the subjects during a period of 7 days were distributed as follows: 5.5 times for rice-oriented Korean meal; 0.6 times for bread type meal; 0.9 times for the omission of meal. The study described that the subjects who had bread type breakfast consumed only 3.7 items of food, whereas the subjects who had Korean breakfast consumed 7.1 items, on the average. Better breakfast eating habits for an adequate daily diet should be emphasized through nutrition education for adolescents and at the worksite.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2012

The release of hormones and the metabolism of human body are controlled by the circadian rhythm related to sleep-wake cycle. Growth hormone, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone, cortisol, glucose, and insulin-secretion rates fluctuate according to the sleep-wake cycle. In addition, sleep is related to the appetite regulation and carbohydrate and other energy metabolism. Hypocretin (orexin), an excitatory neuropeptide, regulates waking and diet intake, and the poor sleep increases diet intake. The short sleep duration increases one's body mass index and impairs the function of the endocrine and metabolism, causing increases in the risk of glucose intolerance and diabetes. The poor sleep quality and sleep disorders have similar impact on the metabolic function. In short, the sleep loss and the poor quality of sleep have a detrimental effect on the endocrine and energy metabolism. The improvement of sleep quality by the future research and appropriate clinical treatment would contribute to the decrease of the metabolic diseases such as diabetes.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2015

본 연구는 지역사회에서 거주하고 있는 재가노인을 대상으로 삼킴장애 위험군을 선별하여 위험 실태를 파악하고 관련인자를 조사하고자 하였다. 서울, 경기 및 충북 지역에 거주하는 65세 이상 재가노인 419명을 대상으로 2012년 9월에서 12월까지 일대일 면접방법으로 설문자료를 수집하였다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체 응답자 가운데 과반수(53.50%)가 삼킴장애 위험군으로 판정되었고 삼킴장애 위험점수는 평균 13.17점으로 국내외 선행연구보다 높은 수준이었다. 둘째, 노인의 삼킴장애 위험도는 65~74세군보다 75세 이상군에서 높았고, 의치를 하는 경우와 일상생활에서 독립성이 떨어지는 경우에 유의하게 높았다. 셋째, 삼킴장애 위험군과 비위험군에서 노인의 식품섭취 문제와 그에 따른 향후 섭취 문제 위험 여부를 조사한 결과 삼킴장애 위험군은 비위험군보다 식욕부진, 식사량 감소, 잦은 결식, 입맛이 나쁘다고 응답한 경우가 많았으며 이에 따라 향후 섭취 문제 위험도가 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 국내 재가노인의 삼킴장애 실태는 간과하기 어려운 수준이며 향후 지역사회의 다양한 환경에 있는 노인들을 대상으로 연구가 확대되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2005

목적: 의학의 발달에도 불구하고 암 환자의 발생과 더불어 사망률은 점점 더 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 그러므로 암의 완치도 중요하지만 환자의 남은 삶에 대한 가치와 의미는 더욱더 중요하게 대두되고 있다. 이에 저자 등은 본 연구를 통해 말기 암 환자들이 수행능력에 따라 삶의 짚 신체적, 정신적 증상에 어떤 차이가 있는지를 보고자 하였다. 방법: 2003년 9월 1일부터 2005년 8월 31일까지 관동의대 명지병원 가정의학과에 내원한 암 환자를 대상으로 수행능력 상태, 인구통계학적 자료, 혈액검사, 삶의 질을 평가하였다. 수행능력을 두 군으로 나누어 혈액검사, 삶의 질에 차이가 있는지를 ANOVA를 통해서 분석하였다. P값이 0.05이하일 때 의미 있는 것으로 하였다. 결과: 대상이 된 환자는 총 104명이고, 수행능력 상태가 $0{\sim}1$인 경우 71명(남자 23명, 여자 48명), $2{\sim}4$인 경우 33명(남자 8명, 여자 25명)이었다. 혈액 검사를 보면 수행능력 상태가 $2{\sim}3$기일수록 림프구, 헤모글로빈, 단백질, 알부민, 나트륨 수치가 의미 있게 낮았다. 삶의 질을 평가 해 보면 수행능력 상태가 $2{\sim}4$일수록 전반적인 건강 상태(P=0.02)가 나빴다. 또한 수행능력 상태가 $2{\sim}4$일수록 기능적인 측면에서는 신체적 점수(P=0.05)와 역할 점수(P=0.01)가 나빴고, 증상적인 측면에서는 식욕부진(P=0.01)이 의미 있게 차이가 났다. 결론: 수행능력이 떨어지면 혈액검사 상 일부 영양과 관련된 수치가 떨어지고, 전반적인 건강상태가 나빠진다. 그러나 증상에서는 식욕부진을 제외한 나머지 것에는 차이가 없게 나왔다. 결론적으로 수행능력이 떨어진 환자에서 식욕을 증진시키는 것이 가장 중요하다고 생각한다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.171-190
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• 2011

Shakespeare's plays deploy an interesting array of food signs in a way to illuminate the historical process of what Stephen Mennell has described as "the civilizing of appetite"-a process in which the changes of food choices and eating habits took place in response to the changes in people's way of life and personality structure over the long-term modern period since the middle ages. Shakespeare's plays suggest that the civilizing of appetite in early modern England was heavily affected by the forces of social mobility as well as the nascent market economy. The Capulets' costly preparation of Juliet's wedding banquet is a showcase of conspicuous consumption which was a structural necessity for the ruling class in Shakespeare's time. Some fifteen years later, the same kinds of foodstuffs are included in a shepherd's shopping list for the sheepshearing festival in Winter's Tale. This is a significant coincidence to prove that food was an important source of emulation and contest among different social classes; and that the rich diet of the upper class gave impetus to social mobility. The Elizabethan subjects, especially among the elite noblemen, were interpellated by the ideology of food that equated the quality of food and the eater's social identity. Faced with bankruptcy as a consequence of his extravagant consumption habit, Bassanio in The Merchant of Venice testifies to the gripping ideology of food onto early modern people, while Poor Tom in King Lear presents a comic parody of the rich people's conspicuous waste. Also in Coriolanus and The Merry Wives of Winsor, Shakespeare uses food as a metaphor for class-motivated social struggles.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1979

This study was conducted to abbess dietary intake and eating habits of low-income persons aged 60 years or elder. 212 persons were surveyed between July 10 and August 17, 1978 ; 105 from the farming village of Yang-ju, Kyunggi province; and 107 from Karakdong, an area of redevlopment in the suburbs of Seoul. Results were as follows : 1 ) Family environment 84% of elderly persons surveyed, lived with their children; 13.2%, together as a couple; and 1.9%, widowed, lived alone. More than half on the households had an average monthly income of \50,000 to \30,000. The average Engel index was 61.2%. As for pocket money, 56.4% of male subjects had \l,000 to \7,000 per month, whereas 74% of female had less than \1,000. 2) Anthropometric measurements 59.9% of subjects were $70{\sim}90%$ of standard weight, 93% had an arm circumference only $60{\sim}80%$ of the standard. 3) Food and nutrient intake Carbohydrate provided 73.4 to 79.4% of total energy intake, whereas protein and fat accounted for 10.4 to 10.5% and 8.3 to 7.8%, respectively. Those over 65 years of age showed a somewhat greater dependence on carbohydrates for energy, than those under 65. Protein intake was only $42{\sim}52%$ of the recommended allowance. and the proportion of animal protein to total protein was only $2.1{\sim}9.3%$ far below the recommended allowance. Thus the protein nutrition of the subjects was proven to be inadequate qualitatively as well as quantitatively. Intake of energy and of all nutrients except vitamin A and ascorbic acid, were lower than recommended. 4) Correlational assessment The correlation coefficient between poor dental health, clinical sign score, appetite index, dietary balance and nutrient intake, was significant (0<0.01). Poor teeth, illness, and poor appetite were always associated with inadequate intake of energy and nutrients. The results of this survey reveal that many of elderly of the rural and urban poor show evidence of general malnutrition, The authours hope that this study will provide a back. ground and indicate the direction that community health and welfare programs may take to assure proper nutrition for the elderly.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2011

연구목적: 시상하부-뇌하수체-부신 축의 이상은 다양한 정신과적 증상과 연관이 있으며, 우울 증상도 나타날 수 있다. 저자들은 뇌하수체 기능저하 및 이차성 부신기능저하와 연관된 두통, 무의욕, 무기력, 정신운동 저하, 식욕 저하, 불면 및 걱정 등의 우울 증상을 주소로 정신과에 입원한 71세 남자 환자에 대해 증례 보고하고자 한다. 환자는 정신과 입원 후 두통, 불면, 불안 및 소화기 증상은 호전되었으나, 무기력감은 지속되었다. 퇴원 후 고열 및 의식 혼탁으로 감염내과에 재입원을 하였으며, 부신기능 저하소견을 동반한 범뇌하수체기능저하증이 진단되었고, 코티졸 투여로 전반적인 증상이 호전되었다. 뇌하수체 기능저하에 따른 갑상선 기능저하, 부신기능저하, 성장호르몬 저하 등은 무기력, 피곤, 불면, 체중 감소, 식욕 저하 등의 여러 가지 비특이적 증상들을 나타내고, 임상에서 이러한 비특이적 우울 증상을 가진 환자의 경우, 내분비 질환에 대한 감별이 필요하다.