• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2001.05c
• /
• pp.6-9
• /
• 2001

In this research, a experiment was performed to evaluate the electrical properties of outdoor insulator with the pollution cycle method. Cycle test methods such as DCM of STRI, IEC 61109 compared with pollution cycle method. Using dimatic properties of Korea peninsula, we could get the optimal condition for the pollution cycle method. As the factor, clean and saline fog, voltage, rainfall and drying was chosen. The applied voltage is 13,2 kV, the salinity of salt solution was changed from 0.1 wt% to 1.5 wt% and one cycle is about 4 hours. To ensure the reproducibility and reliability, experiments repeated 4 times. The leakage current was measured with Lab VIEW and the ESDD was measured with brushwiping method. This experiment could ensure superiority of pollution cycle method which developed through the result of this experiment and we could know the relationship between ESDD, leakage current and relative humidity.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2001.07c
• /
• pp.1481-1483
• /
• 2001

There is a wide climatic difference between Korea and foreign countries. Thus, the pollution cycle method, based on the climatic condition of Korea, is needed to evaluate the electrical properties of outdoor insulators. We make a analysis on the cycle methods of foreign countries, climatic conditions of Korea and failure data to make the cycle method. From the result, we can design a good pollution cycle method to evaluate the electrical properties of outdoor insulators.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.1625-1629
• /
• 2009

The new paradigm called 'Low Carbon Green Growth' involved in reducing greenhouse gas is on the rise as a critical issue worldwide. The essential of Kyoto protocol issued in 1997 is to achieve the sustainable economic growth environments by converting existing production system to eco-friendly one. The protocol imposes the liability to reduce greenhouse gas to the countries joined to it. The paradigm is directly involved in the energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by construction activities. Value Engineering which are mainly applied in the design phase in practice is a measure to improve the value of a constructed facility by analyzing and/or appraising the functions and costs of it. However, an appropriate method which assesses eco-friendliness of constructed facility has not been propose by researchers. This paper proposes a method which assesses the performance involved in eco-friendliness of constructed facility using Value Engineering (VE) in the design phase. The method estimates the environmental cost relative to the amounts of energy consumption and environmental pollution occurred over the entire project life cycle. The database called "Life Cycle Inventory DB", which stores information about the amounts of environmental pollution, is used. The algorithm which retrieves the amounts of environmental pollutions from the DB and converts them into environmental costs is developed. The algorithm is implemented into a system which quantifies the eco-friendliness of constructed facility in the design phase using VE.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2013

Strengthening vehicle emission regulation is one of important policies to improve air quality in urban area. Due to the limitation of specified driving cycles for certification test to reflect real driving conditions, additional off-cycle emission regulations have been adopted in US and being developed in Europe. The driving cycles of US or Europe have been used in emission certification for Korean light-duty vehicles, but it has not been known how well the driving cycles reflect various real driving patterns in Korea. In that point of view, it is required to estimate vehicle emission based on real road driving conditions to raise the effectiveness of vehicle emission regulation in Korea. In this study, real driving emission measurements have been conducted for three Korean light-duty vehicles with PEMS. The driving routes consisted of urban, rural and motorway in Seoul and Incheon. The data have been analyzed with various averaging methods including moving averaging windows method and compared to emission limits set with emission certification modes applied to tested vehicles. The results have shown that the real driving pollutant emissions of a gasoline and a LPG vehicles have been ranged quite lower than those of emission limits on CVS-75 driving cycle. But real driving NOx of a light duty diesel vehicle has been considerably higher than emission limit of NEDC driving cycle. The higher than expected NOx emission of a diesel vehicle might be caused by different strategy to control EGR in real driving condition from NEDC driving.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.454-462
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted in order to estimate the exhaust emissions analysis method of the real driving emission(RDE). The Association for Emissions Control by Catalyst(AECC) has developed a test procedure by using a random cycle method based on the chassis dynamometer. In order to confirm this approach in Korea, Euro 5(DPF), Euro 6(DPF + LNT), and Euro 6(DPF + SCR) were performed on three different vehicles to determine the exhaust gas characteristics of the random cycle, real-road driving test(PEMS), and emission certification driving mode(NEDC). Six different random cycle driving modes were generated by the vehicle specifications(e.g. curb weight, engine power, gear ratio, and maximum acceleration). The NOx emissions were increased in the NEDC, random cycle, and PEMS order in this study regardless of the test vehicles. The random cycle method has the advantage because it utilizes a chassis dynamometer in the laboratories for a repeatable data collection, and it allows any eminent emission improvement checked prior to a real-road driving test with PEMS.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.229-241
• /
• 1996

This study was performed to find the most desirable emission reduction for each mobile source pollutant and the optimal control strategy at a given level of expenditures in Pusan City in 2000 by using the interactive s-constraint method developed by Chang-Hyo Lee and Hyung-Wook Kim, which isone of the mathematical programming models. The most desirable emission reduction is 7093 ton/year for particulate (TSP), 4871 ton/year for NOx, 5148 ton/year for HC and 36779 ton/year for CO. The optimal control strategy is as follows; 1. As to passenger car and taxi, limiting VKT (vehicle kilometers travelled) in congested areas will be necessary. In addition to this, improving vehicie inspection Program should be enforced. 2. As to small-gasoline bus, traffic adaptive control system will be necessary. 3. As to small-diesel bus, non-adjustable engine parameters will have to be applied. .4. As to heal bus and heart truck, catalytic trap oxidizer and limiting VKT in congested areas will do necessary. 5. As to motorcycle, 2-cycle motorcycles should be converted to 4-cycle motorcycles.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.443-453
• /
• 2005

For the purpose of the comparative environmental estimation of the incineration processes for domestic wastes, environmental impacts for several incineration processes for one ton of domestic wastes have been estimated by employing life cycle assessment as the environmental impact assessment method. The scheme of minimum production of environmental pollutants has been considered for three different incineration processes. The evaluation for latent influence on environment was carried out by using CML(Center of Environmental Science) method which was developed by University of Leyden in Netherlands based on the equivalency factor suggested by Korea Accreditation Board. The result of life cycle assessment has showed that the total cost analysis according to the amount of incinerating waste was dependent on the operating conditions of incineration process. In addition, the annual running cost for the incineration of one ton of wastes was estimated to be negatively dependent on the amount of wastes. The degree of environmental pollution was mainly due to the kinds of the wastes rather than by the amount of wastes.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.394-399
• /
• 2009

Since some decades ago, there has been a concern for resource depletion and environmental pollution associated with building properties. In addressing such impact of the built environment, there is a recognition of the existence of alternative building materials, fuels for energy supply as well as technologies for waste handling and disposal. Nevertheless, for long time, the choice between such alternatives was dictated by factors such as differences in prices and aesthetic values. A new important dimension in discriminating between different options is the environmental dimension. This aspect is important since buildings are one of the spatially big new additions to the natural environment that consume a lot of materials and energy during their long lifetime. Thus, with the environmental dimension kept in mind, a existing cost estimation needs to be changed. A new cost assessment method, Life Cycle Cost, should calculate overall costs with dimensional factors: investment and utility costs as well as maintenance costs over the lifetime of the building. Aiming to give an overview of the present status of Building Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) tools as a basis for further research and development including economic performance, this paper describes and compares 3 different tools for Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) and economic analysis of the green buildings. This paper compared these approaches based on various aspects. These include economic analysis method, evaluation duration, data of results(index). Use of the comparison analysis is to produce a better picture and indicate profits and shortcomings for the tools as a group; thus providing important direction improvement of LCA tool as well as further research and development of this group of tools.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.851-860
• /
• 2012

In this study, to evaluate the abatement of runoff pollution loads by the road sweeping(cleaning), various investigations are implemented at the sample area of the highway. As the results of evaluating the removal efficiency of pollutants along road cleaning, TSS showed about 78 % of the removal efficiency and COD showed 49 % of removal efficiency through the operation of cleaning vehicle of vacuum suction method. In case of TN and TP, they showed the relatively-lower removal efficiency by 30~35 %. TSS removal efficiency along the number of cleaning appeared about 60 % in case of one time of cleaning and the additional removal effect did not appear though the number of cleaning increased to two times. With running speed of cleaning vehicle, TSS removal ratio is lessened from 60 % to 20 % when cleaning vehicle speed up to 20 km/hr from 6 km/hr. It seems that the reasons why the removal efficiencies are inversely proportional to its speed are related to the lower vacuum efficiencies and the disturbed particles on the road. In the pollutant build-up analysis, it is showed that it takes more time to the critical pollutant build-up in the shoulder than the center of the road. It is also showed that the proper cleaning cycle is recommended as 4~6 dry weather days without rainfall events.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2016

Recently, interest for environmental pollution in various fields is on the increase, and the researches on the life cycle assessment of environmental performance assessment method for calculating the environmental loads are currently most performed. It is expected to have a significant influence on the environment, since SOC infrastructures are go through a variety of materials, manufacturing process, however it is judged that researches and measures for environmental pollution is insufficient. In this study, we build the data for 204 of steel bridge designed after 2000 year, and the 100 of bridge which were selected to from obtained results were calculated the environmental loads at the planning stage based on the life cycle assessment. In addition, standard classification systems in work type for steel bridges were established. Based on this, the basic design data and input materials for the bridges are applied to the LCI DB, and the environmental load for required material is evaluated and is shown as Eco-point. Environmental loads obtained from this study, it is judged that can be utilized as a basic data for the process of the life cycle assessment in future steel bridge design.