• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.63 no.2
• /
• pp.291-317
• /
• 2011

This study was designed to explore the experiences of female victims who had abused by alcohol-abusing spouse. The results were deducted from in-depth interview with 10 female victims by utilizing Giorgi's phenomenological method. The results of research showed that experiences of women could be classified in three stages. From the lack of understanding stage, "ignorance of drunken violence" had appeared. "Confinement of vicious circle of drunken violence" and "dealing with drunken violence in the community" had been found from the coping stage. Finally, from the resting stage "re-defining of the relationship" had been drawn. Based on these results, the practical and political implications were suggested.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.45-65
• /
• 2009

China and Taiwan had opened complete Three Linkages era December 2008, in the 59 years. The improvement of two countries' relationship is expecting to spur two countries more on the economy exchange. However the increasement of investment and trade between two countries will increase disputes to ratio. In order to settle the disputes related to economy between two countries, the most favorite way is to use arbitral system which involve less public power. After China and Taiwan recognized this point, they announced provisions which allow to solve controversies through the arbitration between parties of two countries since 1980, and prepared legal basis for dispute settlement between two countries. However, because China and Taiwan do not authorize each party as a country, the execution application made by each party based on New York Convention related to foreign arbitral awards cannot be approved. Because of these kind of reasons China and Taiwan should agree in order to guarantee mutual execution of arbitral awards which is an ultimate purpose of arbitration. However because of the political situation of two countries there are provisions related to execution for arbitral awards decided by each party. In this paper, I separated the provision related to mutual execution for arbitral awards of each party of China and Taiwan, examined exposed problems, and suggested ways to improve. It can support some of assistance and implication to establish basis of arbitral system between South Korea and North Korea and to suggest direction to derive through this kind of study.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.82-93
• /
• 2016

This article presents an overview of the Native Customary Rights to forests and its role in protecting the future of native people of Sarawak, Malaysia. The native people have had a long history and strong relationship with their forests. Existing documents and studies have been critically reviewed and analyzed in order to elaborate the Native Customary Rights which are critical to the native people of this region. To have a better understanding on Native Customary Rights, it is important to answer three related questions: (i) Who is a native of Sarawak, (ii) What is 'custom', and (iii) What is the nature of 'rights'? The roles of Native Customary Rights for economic, political or social reasons, operate through informal rules embedded in the natives' customs and traditions. These rules have never been codified into formal laws because the adat system merely functions to manage the human relations which are tied to culture thus making it difficult to codify the culture into laws. It is evident that there are several issues underlying the development of Native Customary Rights: (i) Native Customary Rights are considered as inferiority to those of the State, (ii) the issue of over-shadowing of traditional laws by the colonial rule and the current statutory laws and, (iii) projects and land schemes involving the Native Land. It is understood that the challenges of promoting Native Customary Rights are daunting task; however, the constitutional laws need to carefully revise to provide a better future for the natives.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.97-126
• /
• 2002

We, Korean, still remember the moment that we got so excited due to the expectation of unification between North and South Korea which turned to be failure when Kim, Il-Sung passed away in 1994. However, the recent close relationship between two Koreas has shown the remarkable improvement, and North Korea seems to be ready to expose itself to the western capitalism. The special economy zone in Sinewuiju is one of the examples showing the gradual change in N. Korea. This political change has made possible the cultural exchanges between two countries, which is similar to the process of German unification. It is absolutely necessary to learn from the previous experience happened during the German unification. We, then, need to realize how the Germany managed the problems aroused by unification Especially, the matter in integrating two different public library systems in East and West Germany is treated as a major concern through the paper. The method Germany applied on integrating two different systems was to dissolve the one in East and let it be absorbed by the one in West even the public library system in East German was known as a well-organized network. Therefore, this paper shows the process of the development of East German public library and harmonization of two different public library systems.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.91-99
• /
• 2012

The political conflicts and military collisions between the South-North Korea resulted in actions taken at 1 of Dec. in 2008 and 24 May in 2010. Those actions stopped the major economic cooperations such as the relink of a railroad line across the divided peninsula as well as Mt. Geumgang tourist trade, and cast shade on the Gaesung Industrial Complex. This article articulates the current situation of the economic damages, status quo of cooperation and the South Koreans' changed way of thinking about issues between the South and North which provoked by the conflicts. We emphasized the necessities of minimizing unstable non-economic factors on the Peninsula; continuing win-win economic cooperation between the South-and North corporations; guaranteeing safe business conditions; improving the relationship based on the national consensus. Also we suggested ideas on how to manage the economic cooperation and how to explore new business opportunities in the future based on entrepreneurial leadership.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.329-339
• /
• 2011

This study aims at investigating how English proficiency affects economic development of a country by analyzing the relationships among English proficiency, economic activities (amount of trade, R&D investment, etc), and the rate of economic growth, focusing on twenty-one non-English-speaking OECD countries. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Seemingly Unrelated Regression Estimation (SURE) were used for the data analysis in the study. The findings reveals that there existed little statistical significance to support the fact that English proficiency was directly related to the economic development in a positive way in many countries except Mexico, the Czech Republic, Finland, and Poland. However, English proficiency indirectly influenced the economic development in the way of increasing the amount of trade. These results can lead to the conclusion that English proficiency is not a sufficient element but a necessary one. Furthermore, it is expected that English proficiency can positively affect the economic development when it plays a part as sufficient complementary goods which make up for physical capital, technology accumulation, political stability, and worthy government.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.189-197
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine factors influencing adolescents' suicidal ideation and provide foundational data to reduce adolescents' suicidal ideation and prevent their suicide based on that. According to the research results, there was no significant difference found in demographic characteristics. And depression, stress, and social support exerted significant influence on suicidal ideation. As depression and stress became higher, suicidal ideation increased. When other factors were controlled, suicidal ideation increased if social support was provided less. Based on the study results, the study has made political suggestions as follows: first, regarding the family support system, it is needed to adopt institutional approaches so that they can participate in many different types of education to improve relationship between parents and children. Second, about the school support system, it is necessary to develop programs to form teacher and peer support relations and build the friend support resource system. Third, in terms of the community support system, it is required to build an integrated support system to form diverse local networks.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
• /
• s.7
• /
• pp.55-89
• /
• 2009

This article aims to critically review recent U. S. RMA-centered theories of warfare having prevailed after the 1991-92 Gulf War upon which the current ROKA military transformation project, the Vision 2020, largely based. In order to evaluate validity as a universal warfighing theory of NCW (Network Centric Warfare) and EBO (Effects-Based Operations), this article reviews the intrinsic strength and weakness of the theories as well as results of several recent wars that the U. S. Army conducted based on doctrines derived form such theories, In addition, this article examines the impact of certain military technology or weapon system in some well-known historical wars to draw lessons regarding the relationship between technology(weapon system) and military victory. Historical examples has shown that victories in war were not achieved by new technologies alone in most cases. Rather military victories tended to owe to combination of new technology, original doctrine and well conceived organization. Although the U. S. Armed Forces showed brilliant records of operational successes anchored on the system of PGMs and NCW concepts in Iraq (1991-92; 2003) and Afghanistan (2001-02), it must be pointed out that the operational successes did not bring about political ones in cases of Iraq and Afghanistan. It reminds us of perils of too technologically tilted approach to the conduct of war. In sum, one ought to recognize that superior technology nowadays became a necessary condition of success but is not yet a sufficient condition, the ROKA needs to be abreast with development trends of military technologies and related theoretical concepts, it need not too be in a hurry in adopting cutting edged war-making technologies at the expense of large amount of budget. The essay recommends for the ROKA several basic requirements for coping with conduct of future wars as well as establishing a 'Korean style military thought'; (1) Recognition of importance of technology in conduct of war; (2) Imposition of officer self-study hours in working days; (3) Establishing a lifestyle of military professionalism in the Korean officer corps; (4) Setting up small or large groups of think-tanks that are specialized in army doctrinal formulation.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.111-143
• /
• 2013

Green chemistry is a new scientific field which focuses on the design, manufacture, and use of chemical processes that could prevent pollution and at the same time improve yield efficiency. The few who have written on the emergence of green chemistry have not shed light on the political and economic motivations of green chemistry. As a new study of the emergence of green chemistry, this paper focuses on the relationship among the triple helix of academia, industry, and government which has been critical in the emergence of green chemistry. This paper argues that academia, industry and government created a common ground during the emergence of green chemistry under the common goal of sustainable development since its creation in 1991. Green chemists produced the knowledge to improve the synthetic efficiency to prevent pollution, and the chemical industry used green chemistry research to increase the economic profitability of production system. This specific form of alliance was supported and maintained amid a changing national environmental policy toward pollution prevention and a self-regulatory framework.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.65 no.3
• /
• pp.265-289
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyse the reality and dynamics of transition of work-family reconciliation policy and gender regime in Germany to focus on recent introduction of parents benefit by applying meta path analysis. There is made of 'layering' in work-family reconciliation policy area. Because political barrier has alleviated they can introduce parents benefit, but cannot help stick to child care benefit because of internal barrier. But because parents benefit has activated by 'differential growth', German gender regime has suffered core transition of complementation that dominant structure has changed from 'sequential reconciliation' to 'concomitant reconciliation'. On the other hand, by 'purposeful decoupling' of gender area, core activists have attempted to cut the possibility of weakening of coordination relationship on main institutional areas of German model.