• 무역학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.107-119
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• 2021

Using a trade policy, government can shift profits from foreign firms to domestic firms. This paper will reexamine how asymmetric information can affect the equivalence of tariff and quota in a duopoly, where one domestic firm competes with one foreign firm. It can happen that the domestic firm has informational advantage against the government. Within this framework, the domestic firm has private information about own marginal cost as well as the foreign firm's. The domestic firm would exploit the advantage to draw a favorable policy from the government. When the government is misled, social welfare would decline. This paper will guide how the government can extract information from the domestic firm by offering a menu of tariff or quota. Previous studies showed that quota demands information more than tariff. With the principle of revealed information, the domestic firm chooses tariff (quota) if the marginal cost of foreign firm is low (high). The quota level will be high (low) if the marginal cost of domestic firm is high (low). To prevent misrepresentation, the domestic firm should be charged when quota is implemented. When the quota level is low, the domestic firm is charged additionally. This paper can contribute to the literature of trade policy and information.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2017

본 연구는 교육지방행정기관의 브랜드디자인 가치를 향상시키기 위하여 각 시도교육지방행정기관에서 사용 중인 브랜드디자인의 실태와 특성을 파악하고 효율적으로 적용될 수 있는지 분석하고자 하였다. 이에 교육지방행정기관 브랜드디자인의 인지도, 인지경로, 브랜드디자인의 이미지, 브랜드디자인의 태도와의 관계, 브랜드디자인에의 활용 사례와 요소를 조사하였다. 교육지방행정기관 공무원과 일반인, 신규임용 예정자 간의 브랜드디자인 인지도, 브랜드 디자인 이미지, 브랜드디자인 태도, 브랜드디자인 정책에 대한 인식 차이를 파악하기 위하여 $x^2$-검증에 의한 교차분석과 다중응답분석, 일원배치분산분석, 사후검증 분석을 실시하였다. 교육지방행정기관의 브랜드디자인 인지도, 브랜드디자인 이미지, 브랜드디자인 태도, 브랜드디자인 정책 사이의 관련성을 파악하기 위하여 상관관계를 분석하였다.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2010

To achieve the "low carbon green growth" vision, the first step is securing core technologies. Therefore, S&T policy direction for green technology development is urgently needed. As of 2008, investment in green technology (GT) development hovered around 10% of the government's total R&D budget. Thus, the Korean government developed a plan to increase that percentage to 15%, by 2013. To develop reasonable investment strategies for green technology development, targeted strategies that reflect technology and market changes by green technology area are needed. However, the overall planning and coordination of national GT development is currently split among, approximately, 10 government ministries. To establish an efficient green technology development system, the so-called "Green Technology R&D Council" should be launched in collaboration with the Presidential Committee on Green Growth and the National Science and Technology Council. Furthermore, to build a solid foundation for commercializing the outcomes of GT development projects and promote GT transfer, the government should undertake two initiatives. First, the government should reinforce GT R&D performance management, by establishing a GT R&D performance management and evaluation system. Second, the government should implement the "customized packaged support for promoting green technology business rights and commercialization" and present "e-marketplace for market-oriented green technologies". Creating a pan-ministerial policy for GT development policy would necessitate restructuring the HR(Human Resources) development system, which is currently separated by technology area. Based upon mid/long-term HR supply and demand forecasts, the government should design differentiated HR development projects, continuously evaluate those projects, and reflect the evaluation results in future policy development. Finally, to create new GT-related industries, the "Green TCS (Testing, Certification, and Standards) System" needs to be implemented. For objective evaluation and diffusion of R&D results by green technology area, a common standardization plan for testing, analysis, and measurement, like the "Green TCS", should be developed and integrated.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Purpose - Since China has been South Korea's biggest export destination, uncertainty shocks originating from it would influence South Korea's exports. This paper evaluates the effects of China's economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports to explore the transmission channels. Design/methodology - Incorporating endogeneities and nonlinearities, this study employs a quarterly time-varying parameters vector autoregressive model to investigate the relationships between China's economic policy uncertainty and Korea's exports, where the overparameterization due to time-varying specifications is overcome by a novel stochastic model specification search framework. According to previous theoretical studies, this paper assesses two channels, demand shock channel and exchange rate channel, through which foreign uncertainty affects Korea's exports. This paper identifies the primary drivers of Korea's aggregate exports and analyzes the rationales for the time-variant impacts of China's economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports to China. Findings - Our empirical results reveal that Korea's aggregate exports are less responsive to China's economic policy uncertainty shocks and significantly move together with global demand. In contrast, its bilateral exports to China are highly responsive in a negative and time-variant way. Moreover, Chinese investment is an important channel through which China's economic policy uncertainty affects Korea's exports to China after 2010. Further, the time-variant effects of China's economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports to China are related to changes in China's foreign trade policies, global economic conditions, and China's degree of economic freedom. Originality/value - Few previous studies touch the effects of external uncertainty shocks on South Korea's exports. This paper attempts to fill this gap and explicitly investigate the impacts of China's economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports from a time-varying perspective. As Korea is an export-oriented economy, this study provides insights for the Korean government to understand the transmissions of external uncertainty better.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to systematically review the background of the Korean distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policies along with related regulations and policies. Research design, data, and methodology - Domestic distribution policy and relevant laws were examined through a review of existing research literature. The results of the development process of the domestic distribution policy, promotion policies, and adjustment policies are summarized below. Results - The results are summarized as follows. First, the purpose of the development of the domestic distribution promotion policy was to strengthen the competitiveness of the small and medium business industry through structural advancement of the small and medium industry. By expanding the managerial base for the small and medium industry, a new balance could be created in the national economy. There was a requirement for an early assistance policy for small and medium businesses as a base of these businesses in the distribution industry developed from their original model of catering to a traditional market of retail shops. Since 1996, there was a need for this early assistance policy due to the expansion and rapid growth of large scale stores causing a change in the consumption pattern for distribution markets and the decline of large enterprises. Second, the government supports small and medium business distribution through distribution promotion policies by supporting an organization promoting small business and supporting innovation in the distribution system. Third, in 1961 a business mediation system was established to protect small and medium industries. The Small and Medium Business Administration advises conglomerates to postpone acquisitions, restrain expansion of the business, or to reduce business scale if small businesses undergo an adverse effect such as decreasing demand because large companies are expanding into their areas. Fourth, the Distribution Adjustment Policy managed large-scale store regulation as follows: ① limitation on construction by urban planning ordinance, ② limitation on location based on traffic impact assessments, ③ regulation based on business guidelines by chiefs of autonomous bodies, ④ regulation on mandatory holidays and limitation of business hours. This large-scale store regulation is a policy introduced by authority to increase competitiveness of small and medium business distribution by the government. Conclusions - As discussed in this study, the distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policy are government distribution policies focused on the protection of the small and medium distribution businesses. This study is timely, since it was planned when the strengthening of the revisions of the Distribution Industry Development Act, aimed to protect small and medium retailers and merchants, was under discussion. The significance of this study is that it offers insights for the development of new policies in the future and an opportunity to consider the background of the distribution policy by the government.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.479-484
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• 2007

Recently China has carried out a successful anti-satellite missile test at more than 850km altitude January 11 destroying an aging Chinese weather satellite target with a kinetic kill vehicle launched on board a ballistic missile. Korea has developed scientific and commercial satellites and sounding rockets from 1990s. As the fear of the militarisation of space becomes the reality, we need to consider the safety of our space assets from the perspectives of design, operation, and policy. In this paper we study on the general meanings and impacts of Chinese anti-satellite missile test and the measure to protect our space assets from the points of the design, operation and policy.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2015

As smartphones support a variety of applications and their memory demand keeps increasing, the design of an efficient memory management policy is becoming increasingly important. Meanwhile, as nonvolatile memory (NVM) technologies such as PCM and STT-MRAM have emerged as new memory media of smartphones, characterizing memory references for NVM-based smartphone memory systems is needed. For the deep understanding of memory access features in smartphones, this paper performs comprehensive analysis of memory references for various smartphone applications. We first analyze the temporal locality and frequency of memory reference behaviors to quantify the effects of the two properties with respect to the re-reference likelihood of pages. We also analyze the skewed popularity of memory references and model it as a Zipf-like distribution. We expect that the result of this study will be a good guidance to design an efficient memory management policy for future smartphones.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제3권7호
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• pp.953-956
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• 2002

인터넷 사용 증가로 인한 통신망에 대한 위협은 갈수록 증대되고 있다. 이에 대한 방안으로 많은 보안장비들이 개발되어 설치되고 있으며, 침입차단시스템에 이어 근래에는 침입탐지시스템에 대한 연구와 개발이 활성화되고 있다. 그러나, 네트워크의 규모가 커지고, 관리 대상 시스템의 수가 방대해짐에 따라 현재의 단일 네트워크 단위의 관리로는 해결이 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 IETF에서 진행되고 있는 PBNM(Policy-Based Network Management) 기술을 도입하여 대규모의 네트워크의 보안을 관리하기 위한 통합 침입탐지시스템(Integrated Intrusion Detection System:IIDS)을 설계한다. 통합 침입탐지시스템은 다수의 침입탐지 에이전트로 구성되어 있으며, 시스템의 요구사항과 기능별 요소들에 대하여 기술하고 있다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.68-87
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• 2000

This study aims at the operation of the hospice in the virtual space by the use of telecommunication technology. The hospice can be an efficient alternative for the elderly and terminal patients. It can achieve both the quality of life of patients and the conservations of medical resources. The virtualization creates new norms and values which are different from the conventional environments. The concepts and limitations which are crucial to the projection of the existing hospice into the virtual space are discussed. The items ranging from the hospice need to the design criteria of the modules are investigated. The most important point in constructing the virtual hospice center is the human factor, which characterizes the hospice. In addition, the real-world circumstances of the hospice should be considered in the realization of the VHC.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제29권A호
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• pp.123-126
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• 2009

Cluster-based servers are utilized for large scale streaming services. These servers show good performance under fair resource usage balance policies between backend nodes. In this paper, cluster-based VOD servers are implemented based on WMI functions. Based on these functions, the information of resource usages in backend nodes can be exchanged and also the working states of cluster nodes can be monitored periodically. In experiences, we find motivations to design an effective load balancing policy. In addition, to provide reliable streaming services, the method to detect a partial failure in cluster-based servers is proposed.