• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.151-163
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• 1998

The government policy on the occupational safety and health is the fundamental factor for the effectiveness and efficiency of the accident prevention efforts. However this point of view is comparatively neglected and most of policy in occupational safety and health has not been successful enough in Korea. Thus, this study aims to reduce the accidents at work in Korea through the improvement of the decision-making process on the occupational safety and health policy in Korea. The recommendations are derived from the comparison between the policy decision-making organization and process of Korea and those of other major countries. Capitulated recommendations are: more involvement of professional individuals in the process of policy decision-making; intensive utilization of research institutes; and more openness of the process of policy decision-making to the stakeholders ie, the representatives of employees and employers.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.205-218
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• 2014

Background: Most studies on the national health insurance benefit expansion policy have focused on policy tools or decision-making process. Hence there was not enough understanding on how policies are actually implemented within the specific policy context in Korea which has a national mandatory health insurance system with a dominant proportion of private providers. The main objectives of this study is to understand the implementation process of the benefit coverage expansion policy. Unlike other implementation studies, we tried to examine both the process of implementation and decision making and how they interact with each other. Methods: Interviews were conducted with the ex-members of the Health Insurance Policy Review Committee. Medical doctors who implement the policy at the 'street-level' were also interviewed. To figure out major variables and the degree of their influences, the data were analyzed with Winter's Policy Implementation Model which integrates the decision making and implementation phases. Results: As predicted by the Winter model, problems in the decision making phase, such as conflicts among the members of committee, lack of applicable causal theories application of highly symbolic activities, and limited attention of citizen to the issue are key variables that cause the 'implementation failure.' In the implementation phase, hospitals' own financial interests and practitioners' dependence on the hospitals' guidance were barriers to meeting the policy goals of providing a better coverage for patients. Patients, the target group, tend to prefer physicians who prescribe more treatment and medicine. To note, 'fixers' who can link and fill the gap between the decision-makers and implementers were not present. Conclusion: For achieving the policy goal of providing a better and more coverage to patients, the critical roles of medical providers as street-level implementers should be noted. Also decision making process of benefit package expansion policy should incorporate its influence on the implementation phase.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.458-470
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• 2021

한국의 정책 현실에서는 사회적으로 큰 이슈가 되지만 막상 정책 결정이 이루어지지 않는 경우가 많이 있다. 이렇게 정책 결정이 지연되는 이유로는 적정한 정책 절차를 거치기 위해서 지연되는 경우, 이해관계자의 동의가 이루어지지 않아 지연되는 경우 등도 존재하지만, 이와 같은 사유만으로 정당화되지 않는 정책 지연도 다수 발생하고 있다. 본 연구는 현재 한국의 정책 결정 과정에서 정당화되지 않는 정책 지연은 정부에 의한 의도적인 무의사결정으로 설명할 수 있다는 점을 제시하고자 하였다. 이에 대한 사례로 상암동 롯데복합쇼핑몰을 제시하고, 상암동 롯데복합쇼핑몰 정책 과정을 무의사결정의 시각에서 분석하였다. 엘리트층의 존재, 목적, 정책수단, 정책과정, 결과 등의 요소들을 기반으로 분석한 결과 상암동 롯데복합쇼핑몰 건립 지연 사례는 정부의 적극적이고 전략적인 무의사결정에 의한 것으로 추정될 수 있었다. 소극행정과 구분되는 정부의 전략적인 무의사결정에 대해 향후 다양한 검토가 이루어질 필요가 있다.

• 정보화정책
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.3-35
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• 2019

4차 산업혁명시대에 지능정보기술의 발전에 따라 인공지능의 다양한 역할이 주목을 받고 있다. 구글의 알파고를 계기로 인공지능은 더 이상 공상의 기술이 아닌 실존하는 기술이라는 점에서 사회전역에 파급효과를 가져올 것으로 예상되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 공공부문에서 인공지능을 활용한 정책결정의 가능성과 쟁점에 대한 탐색적 논의를 진행하였다. 이에 따른 연구목적은 세 가지 측면으로 구분되며, 첫째, 공공부문에서 인공지능이 정책결정까지 이어질 수 있는지에 대한 검토이다. 둘째, 인공지능의 정책결정과정이 기존 정책결정과의 어떠한 차이를 가지는가이다. 셋째, 인공지능이 정책결정에 도입될 경우에 나오게 될 쟁점을 다루었다. 이러한 인공지능에 의한 정책결정이 기존의 정채결정과 구별되는 점은 많은 정보와 대안에 기반한 합리적 의사결정, 투명성 및 신뢰성의 제고, 정책이슈에 대한 객관적인 시각, 신속한 의사결정 등이다. 하지만 인공지능의 정책의사결정시 야기되는 쟁점 역시 존재 한다. 첫째는 인공지능의 우월성, 둘째 윤리성 논란, 셋째 책임성, 넷째 기존 민주주의의 변화, 다섯째 공공부문 인력의 대체 논쟁, 여섯째 인공지능에 필요한 데이터 활용의 문제점 등이다. 공공부문 정책의사결정에서 인공지능의 도입은 향후 실현될 것이기 때문에, 사회적 충격을 최소화하기 위해 그에 따른 순기능과 역기능에 대한 융합적인 접근이 필요하다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2020

Backgrounds : To reduce the patients' economic burden of herbal decoctions use, in 2012, Korean government decided to implement the pilot project of herbal decoctions coverage in the National Health Insurance. Objectives : This study aimed to analyze the policy decision-making process for the pilot insurance project in 2012. Methods : Official documents, research papers, statistical reports, and news articles, etc. on the coverage of herbal decoctions were searched and collected. We used the Kingdon's Policy Stream Model to analyze how the policy of pilot project of herbal decoctions coverage was decided, and who were the main activists for the decision-making process. Results : Components to be included in the 'Problem stream' were the decline in the profits of Korean Medicine institutions, the contraction of the herbal decoctions use, and the fiscal surplus of National Health Insurance. In the 'Policy stream', there were several model studies for herbal decoctions coverage, and examples of herbal benefits in other social insurances. In the 'Political stream', there were the legislative initiatives by member of the National Assembly and the promotion of insurance coverage by the Association of Korean Medicine(AKOM), etc. Policy window for herbal decoctions coverage was opened by the combination of these three streams with the efforts of policy activists, such as the executives of AKOM, and policy researchers. Conclusions : The policy decision process for health insurance coverage of herbal decoctions was analyzed using Kingdon's model, and the analysis shows that the combination of political streams and entrepreneurs' competencies can be an important driving force in policy decision making.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2024

This study seeks to provide implications for domestic-related policies through exploratory analysis research to support AI-based policy decision-making. The following should be considered when establishing an AI-based decision-making model in Korea. First, we need to understand the impact that the use of AI will have on policy and the service sector. The positive and negative impacts of AI use need to be better understood, guided by a public value perspective, and take into account the existence of different levels of governance and interests across public policy and service sectors. Second, reliability is essential for implementing innovative AI systems. In most organizations today, comprehensive AI model frameworks to enable and operationalize trust, accountability, and transparency are often insufficient or absent, with limited access to effective guidance, key practices, or government regulations. Third, the AI system is accountable. The OECD AI Principles set out five value-based principles for responsible management of trustworthy AI: inclusive growth, sustainable development and wellbeing, human-centered values and fairness values and fairness, transparency and explainability, robustness, security and safety, and accountability. Based on this, we need to build an AI-based decision-making system in Korea, and efforts should be made to build a system that can support policies by reflecting this. The limiting factor of this study is that it is an exploratory study of existing research data, and we would like to suggest future research plans by collecting opinions from experts in related fields. The expected effect of this study is analytical research on artificial intelligence-based decision-making systems, which will contribute to policy establishment and research in related fields.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.251-259
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• 2010

2008년 4월 15일 학교 자율화 계획에 따라, ICT 교육에 대한 국가 수준의 지침은 폐지되었으며, 오히려 학교 수준에서 ICT교육에 대한 책임이 더욱 커지게 되었다. 이와 같은 교육정책의 급격한 변화는 단위학교 수준에서 ICT 교육 정책에 대한 의사결정에 큰 영향을 미치게 되었다. 그 결과로서 학생, 교사, 학교 간의 디지털 격차가 발생하게 될 가능성이 높아졌다. 따라서 본 연구는 단위학교 수준에서 ICT 교육정책에 대한 의사결정 유형과 인식에 대하여 조사하였다. 그리고 초등학교에서 ICT 교육정책 의사결정을 위한 새로운 의견을 제시하였다

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.5-33
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• 2005

이 연구의 목적은 문민 정부와 국민의 정부 시기의 한국 사회복지정책 결정구조를 비교함으로써, 1990년대 후반 이후 발생한 한국 사회복지정책의 변화원인을 탐구하는 것이다. 사회복지정책 결정구조를 비교하기 위해 이 연구는 정책 연결망 분석방법을 활용하였다. 정책 연결망 분석은 정책 결정과정에 참여하는 행위자들 사이의 관계 구조를 파악할 수 있게 함으로써, 쉽게 관찰하기 어려운 정책 결정 구조의 특성을 파악하는데 유용하다. 6개의 정책영역과 그에 속하는 52개의 정책사건에 대한 정책 연결망 분석 결과 문민 정부의 정책 결정 구조에서 주변적인 위치에 있던 시민사회가 국민의 정부 시기 동안에는 정책 결정 구조의 중심에 진입하였음을 발견하였다. 반면에 문민 정부의 사회복지 정책 결정 구조에서 비토 지점으로 역할해 온 경제관련 부처들은 국민의 정부 시기 동안 그에 상응하는 역할을 수행하지 못했던 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 두 정부 시기의 정책 결정 구조에는 상당한 차이가 존재함을 알 수 있었고, 1990년대 후반 이후 발생한 한국 사회복지정책의 변화는 이러한 정책 결정 구조의 변화양상과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.246-255
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• 2017

Purpose: This study proposes the optimal PM (preventive maintenance) policy of leased equipment for lessee's decision-making using two types of reliability condition. Methods: We consider reliability threshold based PM model. Equipment reliability is estimated and used as condition variable. The effect of repair for maintenance is imperfect and represented by age reduction factor. Results: We provide two PM policies. Policy 1 is focused on minimized total cost. This policy guarantees reliability threshold until last maintenance action. Policy 2 focus on maintaining reliability threshold during leased period. The proposed approach provides optimal reliability threshold under number of PM. Through result, we finally construct decision-making process for lessee using reliability threshold and end of reliability. Conclusion: This study provides two PM policy for lessee's decision-making. Through numerical example, we get a result of optimal reliability threshold, number of PM, optimum alternative under lessee's reliability condition.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.855-861
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• 2004

This study analysed the influencing factors involved in deciding the policy through the analysis of procedure in the policy on the natural resources in local governments. To evaluate the political consensus of decision making in policy determination as political rationality in natural resources policy, we analyzed the degree of the satisfaction from the residents. Among the analysis factors of the satisfaction of natural resources policy, the most significant independent factors were the goal and the method of the policy, the institutional conditions and interested groups, the appropriateness of the content of decision making, supervising and controlling, cooperating relations, the effect of policy, and the consistency. From the analysis of the effect and the goal of policy, we found $70.5\%$ of residents was against the policy and only $27.8\%$ consented. Considering the appropriateness of supervising and controlling in accordance with the process of the policy decision and its execution, the influence of local governments and institutions concerned enjoying comparatively more economic benefits was strong, however, the involvement of the residents and supervising and monitoring institutions were found negligible.