• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.632-639
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• 2004

In this paper, an inverse problem of glass forming process is studied to determine a number of unknown heat transfer coefficients which are imposed as boundary conditions. An analysis program for transient heat conduction of axi-symmetric dimension is developed to simulate the forming and cooling process. The analysis is repeated until it attains periodic state, which requires at least 30 cycles of iteration. Measurements are made for the temperatures at several available time and positions of glass and moulds in operation. Heat removal by the cooling water from the plunger is also recorded. An optimization problem is formulated to determine heat transfer coefficients which minimize the difference between the measured data and analysis results. Significant time savings are achieved in finite difference based sensitivity computation during the optimization by employing distributed computing technique. The analysis results by the optimum heat transfer coefficients are found to agree well with the measured data.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.2034-2043
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• 2002

The process design to produce a near net shape home-appliance compressor component using semi-solid die casting process is performed. In order to obtain a good component without defects such as liquid segregation and porosity, the relationship between pressure and time, and plunger tip displacement and injection velocity are proposed with repeated trial and error. The effect of the velocity variation in the process parameters on liquid segregation and extraction is investigated to produce the aluminum frame part(a kind of compressor part) with good mechanical properties. The mechanical characteristic of semi-solid die casting formed parts for AlSi7Mg0.65r(A357) and AlSi17Cu4Mg(A390) are investigated with a view to minimizing the occurrence of defects. To investigate of application possibility at industry field, A380 aluminum alloy with 8∼9% silicon contents used for the squeeze casting process. The obtained mechanical properties is compared with semi-solid die casting.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2022

The EV electric vehicle market is growing rapidly worldwide. An electric vehicle means a vehicle that uses energy charged through an electricity source as power. The precision of the press is important to mass-produce the drive motor, which is a key component of the electric vehicle. The size of the driving motor is increasing, and The size of the mold is also growing. In this study, the precision of large high-speed presses for mass production of driving motors was measured. A study was conducted on the measurement method of press and the analysis of measurement data. A drive motor is a component that transmits power by converting electrical energy into kinetic energy. EV driven motors have key material properties to improve efficiency. The material properties are the thickness of the material. As a method for improving performance, use a 0.2mm thin steel sheet. Mold is also becoming larger. As the mold grows, the size of the high-speed press for mass production of the driving motor is also increasing. Also, the precision of the press is the most important because it uses a thin iron plate material. So the importance of large press precision is being emphasized. In this study, the effect of large high-speed press structure on precision was verified

• 분석과학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2007

클로로페놀 12종을 폐수로부터 LPME법을 사용하여 추출하였고, GC/MS로 분석하였다. 최적의 추출조건을 확립하기 위해 추출용매의 종류, 시료의 양, pH, 염석 효과, 플런저 왕복 횟수 및 속도를 고려하여 최적의 조건을 확립하였다. 그 결과, 직선성이 0.9913에서 0.9999를 가지는 12가지의 검정곡선을 얻을 수 있었고, 검출한계와 정량한계도 2,3,4,5-테트라클로로페놀과 펜타클로로페놀(0.05-500 ng/mL)을 제외하고 0.05~10.0 ng/mL범위에서 얻을 수 있었다. 실제 폐수에서 4-클로로-3-메틸페놀(784 ng/mL)을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2015

This study evaluates the effect of grooves on the stem part of a plunger on the lubrication characteristics of a fuel injection pump (FIP) by using hydrodynamic lubrication analysis. The current study uses the two-dimensional Reynolds equation to evaluate the changes in lubrication characteristics with variations in clearance, viscosity, and grooves for a laminar, incompressible, and unsteady state flow. This study investigates the lubrication characteristics by comparing the dimensionless minimum film thickness or the film parameter, which is the ratio of the minimum film thickness to surface roughness. The analysis method for the groove section differs depending on the depth of the groove. For instance, in the case of a shallow groove, the film thickness equation considers the depth of the groove, while in the case of a deep grove, it considers the flow continuity. The lubrication characteristics of the FIP are more sensitive to changes in the groove width than to changes in other design variables. Moreover, the application of a groove is more effective under low viscosity conditions. The smaller the distance from the edge of the stem part to the first groove in the case of shallow grooves, the better are the lubrication characteristics of the FIP. In contrast, in the case of deep grooves, the lubrication characteristics of the FIP improve as the distance increases. The application of shallow grooves is more effective for improving the lubrication characteristics than the application of deep grooves.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2010

PURPOSE. The objective of this study was to evaluate fracture strength of collarless metal-ceramic FPDs according to their metal coping designs. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Four different facial margin design groups were investigated. Group A was a coping with a thin facial metal collar, group B was a collarless coping with its facial metal to the shoulder, group C was a collarless coping with its facial metal 1 mm short of the shoulder, and group D was a collarless coping with its facial metal 2 mm short of the shoulder. Fifteen 3-unit collarless metal-ceramic FPDs were fabricated in each group. Finished FPDs were cemented to PBT (Polybutylene terephthalate) dies with resin cement. The fracture strength test was carried out using universal testing machine (Instron 4465, Instron Co., Norwood MA, USA) at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Aluminum foil folded to about 1 mm of thickness was inserted between the plunger tip and the incisal edge of the pontic. Vertical load was applied until catastrophic porcelain fracture occurred. RESULTS. The greater the bulk of unsupported facial shoulder porcelain was, the lower the fracture strength became. However, there were no significant differences between experimental groups (P > .05). CONCLUSION. All groups of collarless metal-ceramic FPDs had higher fracture strength than maximum incisive biting force. Modified collarless metal-ceramic FPD can be an alternative to all-ceramic FPDs in clinical situations.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.6453-6457
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 솔레노이드의 자기 이론과 시뮬레이션을 통해 해석의 정확성을 검증하였다. 솔레노이드는 간단한 구조와 빠른 응답성을 바탕으로 기계 산업, 의료 등의 분야에 활발히 사용되어지고 있다. 솔레노이드 엑츄에이터는 전자기력을 활용하며 전류를 인가시키면 자기장이 형성되어 자기력을 발생시키고 플런저를 직선운동 또는 회전운동으로 구동을 시키는 장치이다. 이론 해석은 Biot-Savart's law를 통해 축방향 및 반경방향 자기장 (Magnetic flux density, B)의 값을 구했으며, 임의의 점 P에서의 자기장 값도 계산하였다. Ansys의 Magnetostatic Analysis를 이용하여 해석 시뮬레이션을 진행하였고, 그 결과를 비교하여 이론과 해석의 유사성을 살펴보았다. 비교 결과를 통해 오차 범위 안에서 error값이 존재함을 알 수 있었고, 따라서 정확성을 검증할 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2014

유압밸브 구동용 서보 액추에이터는 항공기, 자동차의 유압시스템 그리고 산업용 유압시스템의 정밀한 작동에 중요한 장치이다. 서보 액추에이터의 신뢰성 있는 동작은 전체 유압시스템의 정밀한 제어에 큰 영향을 미친다. 서보 액추에이터의 주파수 응답특성, 스텝 응답특성과 같은 응답특성은 액추에이터의 성능을 판단하는 중요한 기준이 된다. 본 논문에서는 신뢰성해석을 통해 신뢰성 있는 동작과 응답특성을 만족시키기 위한 구성 부품에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 또한 신뢰성 있는 동작과 빠른 응답성을 구현하기 위해 현장의 경험적 지식과 문헌 및 전문가의 전자기 이론을 통해 유압밸브 구동용 서보 액추에이터의 설계 파라미터를 도출하였다. 보빈, 요크, 플런저의 설계값, 그리고 코일의 감긴 수와 같은 서보 액추에이터의 설계값들을 결정하는 설계 파라미터를 제안하고, 설계방정식을 통해 산출한 설계값을 유한요소해석을 통해 타당성을 검증하였다. 또한 서보 액추에이터가 장착된 유압밸브의 성능시험을 통해 제안한 설계 방안의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 1972

Fay Elberta freestone peaches were harvested at four maturity levels as judged by skin color and firmness. They were ripened at $68^{\circ}F$ under 80 percent relative humidity for 4, 6, 8 and 10 days respectively prior to canning. Results indicate that both harvest maturity and ripening conditions are important factors influencing quality, flavor and composition of canned freestone peaches. Peaches harvested at $18{\sim}24$ pounds on a Magness-Taylor pressure tester with a 7/16' plunger(M1) failed to ripen satisfactorily. Fruits harvested at $13{\sim}17$ pounds (M2) pressure test ripened successfully at $68^{\circ}F$ within 6 to 8 days; and those harvested at 6 to 12 pounds (M3) needed 4 days for ripening at $68^{\circ}F$. Tree-ripened fruits (M4) were undesirable for canning because of the high percentage of bruised fruits. The optimum firmness for canning appears to be in the range of 1.5 to 3.0 pounds. The titratable acidity of peaches decreased during maturation and ripening. The tannin content of peaches at M1 maturity decreased with ripening at $68^{\circ}F$. But no appreciable change was observed in the M2 and M3 series which were ripened at $68^{\circ}F$ for 4 to 10 days. The volatile reducing substances (V.R.S.) increased as the peaches developed on the tree and also during post-harvest ripening. The effect of harvest maturity and post-harvest ripening on color grade of the canned peaches is presented. Little difference was found in the flavor and composition of peaches peeled by the cup-down lye peeling and the steam-peeling methods. The cup-down lye-peeling method might be most advantageous because of its higher peeling efficiency.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2009

The performance of a direct-injection type diesel engine often depends on the strength of swirl or squish, shape of combustion chamber, the number of nozzle holes, etc. This is of course because the combustion in the cylinder was affected by the mixture formation process. In this paper, combustion process of biodiesel fuel was studied by employing the piston which has several grooves with inclined plane on the piston crown to generate swirl during the compression stroke in the cylinder in order to improve the atomization of high viscosity fuel such as biodiesel fuel and toroidal type piston generally used in high speed diesel engine. To take a photograph of flame, single cylinder, four stroke diesel engine was remodeled into two stroke visible engine and high speed video camera was used. The results obtained are summarized as follows; (1) In the case of toroidal piston, when biodiesel fuel was supplied to plunger type injection system which has very low injection pressure as compared with common-rail injection system, the flame propagation speed was slowed and the maximum combustion pressure became lower. These phenomena became further aggravated as the fuel viscosity gets higher. (2) In the case of swirl groove piston, early stage of combustion such as rapid ignition timing and flame propagation was activated by intensifying the air flow in the cylinder. (3) Combustion process of biodiesel fuel was improved by the reason mentioned in paragraph (2) above. Consequently, the swirl grooves would also function to improve the combustion of high viscosity fuel.