• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.467-474
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• 2020

Carbon nanotube has excellent mechanical strength and functionality, so it has been utilized in various applications. In recent years, utilization of carbon nanotube in construction material has started to get interests from researchers in the area of construction materials. However, there is limited amount of work with respect to the rheological properties of cement paste using carbon nanotube. In this work, solution made of multi-walled carbon nanotube with dispersing agent of polyvinyl pyrrolidone was used to prepare cement paste specimens, and rheological properties and 28 day compressive strengths of cement paste using multi-walled carbon nanotube were measured. According to the experimental results, as the amounnt of multi-walled carbon nanotube increased, plastic viscosity and yield stress of cement paste specimens also increased. It was also found that such effect was higher with lower w/c cement paste specimens. With respect to the compressive strength, it was maximized at carbon nanotube content of 0.1wt.% for w/c 0.30 cement paste, whereas the maximum strength of w/c 0.40 cement paste was observed with carbon nanotube content of 0.2wt%.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.371-381
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• 2017

This paper presents a methodology for creating abstract animation based on the human movement theories originating from the work of dance theorist Rudolf von Laban. Laban Movement Analysis is a method and language for describing, visualizing, interpreting and documenting all varieties of human movement, and Choreutics is based on universal patterns of nature and of human as part of a universal design. Laban defines the space of movements in a profoundly dualistic way. Outwardly, his objective and scientific definitions provide a concrete base for generating human movements in computer graphics in terms of geometric and motion primitives such as points, lines, planes, polygons, linear and nonlinear movements. On the other hand, he also offers a system for understanding the subtle characteristics about the way a movement is dynamically done with respect to inner intention. Laban's interpretations of human motion can be utilized potentially in plastic arts and computer arts. Our work was inspired by those physical and psychological analyses and computer algorithms have been developed for creating abstract animation. We presented our computer animation works entitled "Choreography" in the exhibitions: a special section in "2015 Craft Trend Fair" and "Make Your Movement" held in the Korean Cultural Centre in UK, 2016. In this paper, we describe our ideas and methods for creating abstract object movements based on the Laban's motion representations.

• Composites Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.86-93
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• 2024

The inner foam structure plays an important role in the performance of the carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) rear spoiler used in automobiles. However, there is still a lack of studies for the CFRP-based rear spoiler according to the type of inner foam, especially under the high-speed driving condition. With this motivation, we numerically analyze the performance of the CFRP rear spoiler using various cases of the inner foam under the highspeed driving condition. Here, polymethacrylimide (PMI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) resins are employed as the inner foams in this work. The performances are evaluated using the deformation aspects and vibration characteristics when the driving condition is a high-speed condition (200 km/h). Furthermore, to specifically verify the importance of the inner foam in the high-speed condition, we additionally investigate the performance of the CFRP rear spoiler without the inner foam structure (i.e., hollow type). As a result, it is confirmed that among the types of inner foams utilized in this work, the PMI and PVC inner foams have the best deformation aspect and vibration characteristic, respectively. Note that the hollow-type inner foam has inferior performances compared to other inner foams invoked in this study. Consequently, through this study, it can be confirmed that the inner foam structure can significantly improve the performance of the CFRP spoiler under high-speed driving condition (200 km/h), and also that the strengths of the CFRP spoiler can manifest differently depending on the types of inner foam core.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.153-166
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• 1999

Since the reliability of results by the existing analyzing method is low, in the case of for excavation performed in urban area whose stability is of great importance, construction control based on field monitoring is always necessary. But the field monitoring reflects only the behavior of construction process that has already been carried out, and it has limitations in predicting the behavior of the expected construction process, which is practically more important for construction control. In this study, construction control system for excavation which can predict the behavior of the expected processes during construction with high degree of accuracy, is developed by adopting inverse analysis. The inverse analied applied field monitoring results to excavation analysis can improve the reliability of predicted results. The developed system uses an elasto-plastic soil spring model for the excavation analysis and the minimization of least squared errors between measured displacements and calculated displacements for the inverse analysis. All the required processes for construction control can be performed as an integrated work within the system reflecting real time application and user's convenience. Their applicabilitis are confirmed by two case studies.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.349-360
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• 2008

In this paper, the modeling procedure of random field with an elasto-plastic finite element algorithm and probability of failure on closely-spaced tunnel were investigated. Local average subdivision (LAS) method which can generate discrete random variables fast and accurately as well as change the resolution in certain region was used. And correlated value allocating and weighted average method were suggested to implement geometrical characteristics of tunnel. After the probability of failure on the test problem was thoroughly investigated using random finite element method, the results were compared with the deterministic strength reduction factor method and single random variable method. Of particular importance in this work, is the conclusion that the probability of failure determined by simplified probabilistic analysis, in which spatial variability is ignored by assuming perfect correlation, can be estimated from the safety factor determined by strength reduction factor method. Also, single random variable method can lead to unconservative estimates of the probability of failure.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.15
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• pp.31-49
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• 2013

This paper delves into the recent 'paintings' of African-American artist David Hammons, which combine rubbish-like plastic wraps with the abstract-expressionist style paintings. In straddling between rubbish and art object, his works tend to blur the boundary drawn between two opposite categories in value, art and garbage, provoking the sophisticated taste of Upper-East-side white community in Manhattan, New York. Choosing the venue of his exhibition at a commercial gallery, Hammons's creative efforts is also a critique of what can be seen as the dominance of abstract expressionism and white elitism in American art history. The artist is known for his use of unconventional materials in art making such as black hair, barbecue bones, and elephant droppings, ones that are often associated with African-American experiences in all different levels. Since his debut in the art scene in the 1970s, Hammons has pursued the view of art-making as a medium for provoking contentious issues of racial relations in the States. On the other hand, the reception of Hammons's work as African-American art can be potentially quite limiting, overlooking as it does multi-faceted meanings of his art practice. His unconventional approach to art often took him outside art galleries and museums, where he was seen using a variety of common materials for site-specific installations and performances. Staged in different parts of Manhattan, these acts of art making traverse seemingly opposite communities and cultures, often blurring their boundaries. Hammons's artistic practice can label him what Abdul Jan Mohamed calls "specular border intellectual", revealing as it does the symbiosis of binary oppositions that is basic to the experience of communnal living.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.15
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• pp.51-79
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• 2013

This paper examines the characteristics of post-modern self-portrait photography. Characteristics of postmodernism associated with the "loss of centeredness," such as the death of the author, interdisciplinarity, and intertextuality, brought about a number of changes within the self-portrait. The distinction between post-modern and modern self-portraiture can be characterized by the following qualities: appropriation, the use of photography, and the utilization of the human body as an art. The characteristics of post-modern self-portrait photography can be represented through the works of Cindy Sherman, Orlan, and Morimura Yasumasa. By presenting prototypical women in her works, Cindy Sherman not only represents images of those women, but also exposes her fictitious role in the work. She creates a distance between herself in the works and herself in reality and discloses a paternalistic gaze. Meanwhile, Orlan transforms her face into a distorted image and presents it as an alternative identity that is representative of postmodernism. She corrodes the standard concept of identity through plastic surgery and treats the face not as a place where the identity stays, but as a simple body part or fragment of skin. Orlan's post-human face is malleable according to the artist's desire to raise the issue of what the human face is, and opposes the structure of modernism. Morimura Yasumasa also appropriates images from masterpieces and presents a hybrid identity between Eastern and Western, male and female, original and replica, and subject and object. In order to dissect social prejudice, he puts forth every single structural dichotomy that coexists in his self-portrait and suppresses a strong ego. He also studies the relationship between 'seeing' and being 'seen' by trading the painter's role from that of the subject to that of the object.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.625-631
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• 2014

To investigate the deformation properties of TiC-(5-20) mol% Mo solid solution single crystals at high temperature by compression testing, single crystals of various compositions were grown by the radio frequency floating zone technique and were deformed by compression at temperature from 1250K to 2270K at strain rates from $5.1{\times}10^{-5}$ to $5.9{\times}10^{-3}/s$. The plastic flow property of solid solution single crystals was found to be clearly different among a three-temperature range (low, intermediate and high temperature ranges) whose boundaries were dependent on the strain rate. From the observed property, we conclude that the deformation in the low temperature range is controlled by the Peierls mechanism, in the intermediate temperature range by the dynamic strain aging and in the high temperature range by the solute atmosphere dragging mechanism. The work softening tends to become less evident with an increasing experimental temperature and with a decreasing strain rate. The temperature and strain rate dependence of the critical resolved shear stress is the strongest in the high temperature range. The curves are divided into three parts with different slopes by a transition temperature. The critical resolved shear stress (${\tau}_{0.2}$) at the high temperature range showed that Mo content dependence of ${\tau}_{0.2}$ with temperature and the dependence is very marked at lower temperature. In the higher temperature range, ${\tau}_{0.2}$ increases monotonously with an increasing Mo content.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.301-301
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• 2003

In current study, Nanocomposites are reinforced with carbon nanofiber, carbon nanotube and SiC, etc. Since the nano reinforcements have the excellent mechanical, thermal and electrical properties compared with that of existing composites, it has lately attracted considerable attention in the various areas. Cu have been widely used as signal transmission materials for electrical electronic components owing to its high electrical conductivity. However, it's size have been limited to small ones due to its poor mechanical properties. Until now, strengthening of the copper alloy was obtained either by the solid solution and precipitation hardening by adding alloy elements or the work hardening by deformation process. Adding the alloy elements lead to reduction of electrical conductivity. In this aspect, if carbon nanofiber is used as reinforcement which have outstanding mechanical strength and electric conductivity, it is possible to develope Cu matrix nanocomposite having almost no loss of electric conductivity. It is expected to be innovative in electric conducting material market. The unidirectional alignment of carbon nanofiber is the most challenging task developing the cooer matrix composites of high strength and electric conductivity. In this study, the unidirectional alignment of carbon nanofibers which is used reinforced material are controlled by drawing process and align mechanism as well as optimized drawing process parameter are verified via numerical analysis. The materials used in this study were pure copper and the nanofibers of 150nm in diameter and of 10∼20$\mu\textrm{m}$ in length. The materials have been tested and the tensile strength was 75MPa with the elongation of 44% for the copper. it is assumed that carbon nanofiber behave like porous elasto-plastic materials. Compaction test was conducted to obtain constitutive properties of carbon nanofiber Optimal parameter for drawing process was obtained by analytical and numerical analysis considering the various drawing angles, reduction areas, friction coefficient, etc. The lower drawing angles and lower reduction areas provides the less rupture of co tube is noticed during the drawing process and the better alignment of carbon nanofiber is obtained.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.427-445
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• 1996

According as the fashion at the latter half part of the 20th century is diversified and made into high-class gradually, it is demanding the individuality of each one. Especially, since the beginning of 1980s, fashion came to represent the restoration mood in a modern style because of the popularization of post-modernism. And with this, it came to result in the reappearance of minimalism which was one of anti-culture in 1960s. In this study, this researcher grasped the appearance background, concept and structural concept of minimalism, and tried to study the influence that he minimalism had on fashion in the flow of fashion over the first half period of the 20th century. Minimalism is the fine art trend of American characteristic which quicked by the meeting of European culture and American culture, according as the new avant-grade art of Europe moved to America after World War II Minimalism which appeared, refusing the mechanisation, industrialization and mass production of America and the falsehood of consciousness and sensitivity under existing system remained obscure by the pop art which is the commercial fine art of same period, but it came to expand the domain of work possibility of modern fine art, and it became the basis of appearance of post-modernism. Minimalism has 4 kinds of structural features which are nonside nature, repetitiousness and environment nature with 3 dimensional feature which is issue nature. Minimalism is appearing in the exfcellent and future-oriented fashon of Andre Kureju t the time of 1960 well. Then science revolution and minimalism aroused the mini-revolution, and they made the compact radio in electric home appliances and the miniskirt in fashion appear. The features of minimal fashion as Retro '60' which appeared in the decedent mood with the 21st century just before on are as follows: First, the are the pursuit of concise plastic line. Second, it is the use of high tech material Third, the miniaturization in size amy be enumerated. Minimal fashion will appear s the positive confrontation from of mankind as the optimistic viewpoint about feature in the situation hat environment was destroyed and the resources were exhausted.