• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.335-343
• /
• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of Benincasa hispida (Wax gourd) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in the male rats by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 45 mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The diabetic animals then had plasma glucose concentration of above 300mg/dl. The experimental groups were divided into five groups; normal, STZ-control and three Wax gourd groups (5%, 10% and 20% intake groups). Normal and STZ-control groups were fed on a AIN-93 diet and experimental groups were fed a AIN-93 diet with the Wax gourd powder (5%, 10% and 20%/kg diet) for 4 weeks. The body weight, diet intake and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were monitored. The blood glucose and cholesterol levels were determined everyweek. After 4 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and the levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acids in plasma and levels of glycogen in liver and muscle were analyzed. Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. The weight gain and feed efficiency ratios in 15 and 20% Wax gourd groups were higher than in STZ-control group. The plasma glucose levels were significantly lower in all Wax gourd groups than in STZ-control group. The plasma insulin levels in diabetic groups were not significantly different compared to the normal group, but the level of 20% Wax gourd group was higher than other diabetic groups. The experimental diabetic groups showed the higher levels of muscle glycogen compared to STZ-control group. The lower levels of plasma cholesterol were noticed in 20% Wax gourd group throughout the experimental period. The plasma level of triglyceride was elevated in STZ-diabetic control and the levels were slightly decreased in Wax gourd groups. Rats of 10% Wax gourd group showed the lower levels of plasma free fatty acids. It is suggested, from the results, that the possibility of therapeutic or preventive use of wax gourd to the diabetes mellitus.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.300-308
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chloroform(CHC1$_3$) fraction of Alisma canaliculatum All. Braun et Bouche(Ac) with selenium(Se) on the plasma glucose and lipid levels in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups. The normal and diabetic rats were separated into four groups: the STZ-control group, the Ac group, the Ac-Se group and the Se group. Diabetes was induced in the male rats by an injection of STZ into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg. The CHCl$_3$fraction of Ac(250 mg/kg) was administered orally for 14 days. The supplementation was achieved with the AIN-93 recommended diet by adding 2 mg/kg diet of selenium as Na$_2$SeO$_3$. which was prepared freshly everyday. The body weight, hematocrit(Hct), glucose, insulin, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride(TG) and free fatty acids(FFA) concentrations in plasma were measured. The aminotransferase activities were also analyzed. The changes of body weight in the experimental groups were not significantly different from that of the STZ-control group, but diabetes hyperphagia accompanied changes with body weight loss in Ac-Se group. The levels of Plasma cholesterol were not significantly different among the experimental groups. The concentrations of FFA in the Ac-Se group increased significantly compared with the STZ-control group. The effect of Se alone significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase activity and alanine aminotransferase activity. The results showed that the treatment of CHCl$_3$fraction of Ac in combination with Se has no synergistic effect. There was a tendency for the plasma glucose levels to decrease when Se was administered into diabetic rats. Supplementation of Se in diabetic rats did not elicit a significant increase in plasma insulin levels and exhibited hypotriglyceridemic effect.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.267-275
• /
• 1999

Bovine somatotropin is known to improve the growth rate and lactation in cattle. In this study, we examined the concentration-time profiles of a sustained-release formulation of bovine somatotropin (BST) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in plasma and milk in cows. In addition, the possible effect of co-administrated vitamin ADE complex on the pharmacokinetic parameters of BST and IGF-1 was evaluated. 1. Plasma BST and IGF-1 levels reached the peak at 12~24 and 48 hours after the administration of BST, and plasma half-lives ranged 100 to 137 and 201 to 310 hours, respectively. To 8th day after administration, BST and IGF-1 levels in milk were not significantly different from the control levels. 2. Plasma BST levels showed cyclic pattern with high concentrations in early stage after each injection and following gradual declining during repeated administrations at 2 week intervals, while plasma IGF-1 levels in treated animals did not show such a cyclic pattern, but remained higher than the control levels. 3. Milk BST and IGF-1 levels during repeated treatments were not significantly different from the control levels. 4. Co-administration of vitamin ADE complex yielded slightly increased AUC of plasma BST for high dose group, but such effect was not evident in the IGF-1 levels. Co-administration of ADE complex tended to increase plasma BST levels and decrease the elimination half-life of IGF-1. 5. These results suggest that the BST formulation tested is one of the ideal sustained-release formulation for long term use in dairy industry. As for the co-administration of vitamin ADE complex, the benefit of co-administration with BST is needed to be further evaluated.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.3-7
• /
• 1998

The aim of the present investigation was to see whether an anabolic steroid, nandrolone phenylpropionate (NPP), exerts protienanabolic effects under such adverse nutritional conditions as protein deficiency and protein-energy malnutrition in male rats. feeding on a low-protein (8% casein) diet resulted in a marked reduction in body weight gain that was associated with reductions in body protein and protein content of gastrocnemius muscle. Administration of NPP (4 mg/kg body weight) did not alter muscle and body protein depletion induced by a low-protein diet. 50% food restriction caused reductions in body protein and in protein content of gastrocnemius muscle. These reductions were partially prevented by NPP (4 mg/kg body weight). Food restriction did not affect plasma concentration of corticosterone, insulin, or tetosterone plus dihydrotestosterone. On the other hand, neither plasma concentration of corticosterone nor insulin were affected by NPP. The present results show that anabolic steroids do not express anabolic effects under conditions of protein deficiency, but in protein-energy malnutrition, anabolic steroids exert their anabolic effects even in male rats.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.359-364
• /
• 1990

The present study was performed to evaluate the hypoglycemic mechanism of brazilin. Brazilin significantly reduced plasma glucose level in streptozotocin induced diabetie rats and this effect seems to be mediated by extrapancratic effects rather than by pacreatic effect because no significant changes were observed in plasma insulin levels. The rates of glycogen synthesis, glycolysis and glucose oxidation in soleus muscle were markedly increased following brazilin treatment to diabetic animals. Glucose transport seemed to be increased by the treatment of brazilin. Brazilin did not affect insulin binding to muscles from streptozotiocin induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that potentiation of periopheral glucose utilization may be one of the major causes of hypoglucemic action of brazilin.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.249-253
• /
• 2003

Abnormalities in fibrinolysis system is associated with risk of hypertension. In this report, the Alu repeat insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and the Hind III RFLP of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) genes were investigated in 115 normotensives and 83 patients with hypertension, and their association with anthropometrical data and plasma biochemical parameters were analyzed. There were no significant differences in the gene frequencies of the two candidate genes between normotensives and hypertensives, respectively. Our results indicate lack of associations between the two polymorph isms in t-PA and PAI-1 genes and risk of hypertension in the population under study. However, the Hind III RFLP of PAI-1 gene was significantly associated with plasma glucose level, suggesting its role in glucose metabolism. It needs to be tested whether this RFLP of PAI-1 gene is associated with insulin resistance syndrome or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the Korean population.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.307.1-307.1
• /
• 2003

Metfotrmin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent often used for the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetics(NIDDM). Metformin lowers both fasting and postprandial plasma glucose concentrations by improving insulin sensitivity at hepatic and peripheral tissues. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metformin were studied in Korean healthy volunteers at fasting state over 10 hours. (omitted)

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.489-490
• /
• 1989

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.224-225
• /
• 1989

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.619-625
• /
• 2001

Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-245g by injection of streptozotocin(STZ) into the tail vein at a dose of 45mg/kg and were divided into seven groups ; normal, diabetic control, and five experimental groups(fractions of hexane, chloroform(CHCl$_3$), ethylacetate(EtOAc), butanol(BuOH) and water($H_2O$)). The rats of all groups were fed on AIN-93 diet and the five experimental groups were orally administered each fraction for 14 days. The body weight and diet intake were monitored daily. The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, free fatty acid and aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were analyzed. Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. The plasma glucose levels of the CHCl$_3$, and $H_2O$ fraction groups were significantly lower than the other experimental groups. The plasma insulin level of the CHCl$_3$ fraction group was much higher than that of diabetic control group. The plasma cholesterol levels were increased in all the experimental groups. The groups of hexane, BuOH and H2() fractions showed the lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to diabetic control group. The plasma free fatty acid levels were not significantly different in all groups. HDL-cholesterol levels were definitely higher in hexane, CHCl$_3$ and EtOAc fraction groups than that of diabetic control group. In conclusion, administration of CHCl$_3$ and $H_2O$ fractions of methanol extract of Alisma canaliculatum exhibited hypoglycemic effects in STZ induced diabetic rats, showing the possibility of therapeutic use of Alisma canaliculatum to the diabetes mellitus.