• BMB Reports
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.314-319
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• 2005

Adenosine, as a ubiquitous metabolite, mediates many physiological functions via activation of plasma membrane receptors. Mechanisms of most of its physiological roles have been studied extensively, but research on adenosine-induced apoptosis (AIA) has only started recently. In this study we demonstrate that adenosine dose-dependently triggered apoptosis of cultured baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells. Adenosine-induced apoptotic cell death was characterized by DNA laddering, changes in nuclear chromatin morphology and phosphatidylserine staining. Apoptosis was also quantified by flow cytometry. Results suggest the involvement of adenosine $A_1$ and $A_3$ receptors as well as equilibrative nucleoside transporters in apoptosis induced by adenosine. These results indicate a receptor-transporter co-signaling mechanism in AIA in BHK cells. The involvement of $A_1$ and $A_3$ receptors also implies a possible apoptotic pathway mediated by G protein-coupled receptors.

• 약학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1974

Intravenously administered total water extract of Hoelen, (Pachymae fungus) in a dose of 10mg/kg and its methanol lextract, in a smaller dose than total water extract, produced significantly increase on urinary volume, sodium nad potassium excretion, and osmolar nad free water clearances. Increasing the doses produced more pronounced renal responses. Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow changed littl with both extract. On the contrary, water extract from residue obtained on extraction with organic solvents exhibited no significant changes on the parameters of the renal function. In experiments, in which the total water extract was infused directly into a renal artery and urines from both ureters were collected separetely, a small dose of 0.3mg/kg/min showed no diuresis, but a large dose of 1.0mg/kg/min elicited diuretic action even on the contralateral kindneys. It is, therfore, concluded that Hoelen induces diuresis, mainly by inhibiting reabsorption of electrolytes in the renal tubules, and that the renotropic action may be mediated by some endogenous humoral substances.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.131.1-131.1
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• 2012

We use three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of flux emergence from solar subsurface to corona. In our previous work, we reported the relation between magnetic-field configuration and the flux expansion factor. Following these results, we investigate where an upflow is generated in an active region and how its location is related to the flux expansion factor. We also derive physical quantities of a real active region from observation data provided by Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH), X-Ray Telescope (XRT), and Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) onboard Hinode. These physical quantities are plasma density, temperature and flow. By comparing the simulation result and observational one, we will discuss the properties of the location producing a solar wind.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.525-528
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• 2001

ZnO:Al thin film can be used as a transparent conducting oxide(TCO) which has low electric resistivity and high optical transmittance for the front electrode of amorphous silicon solar cells and display devices. This study of electrical, crystallographic and optical properties of Al doped ZnO thin films prepared by Facing Targets Sputtering (FTS), where strong internal magnets were contained in target holders to confine the plasma between the targets, is described. Optimal transmittance and resistivity was obtained by controlling flow rate of O$_2$ gas and substrate temperature. When the of gas rate of 0.3 and substrate temperature 200$^{\circ}C$ , ZnO:Al thin film had strongly oriented c-axis and lower resistivity(<10$\^$-4/Ω-cm).

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• 제3B권3호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2003

This paper proposes a radiation model, which considers radiation transport as an important component in hot gas analysis. This radiation model is derived from combining the method of partial characteristics (MPC) with net emission coefficient (NEC), and it covers the drawbacks of existing models. Subsequently, using this proposed model, the arc-flow interaction in an arcing chamber can be efficiently computed. The arc is represented as an energy source term composed of ohmic heating and the radiation transport in the energy conservation equation. Ohmic heating term was computed by the electric field analysis within the conducting plasma region. Radiation transport was calculated by the proposed radiation model. Also, in this paper, radiation models were introduced and applied to the gas circuit breaker (GCB) model. Through simulation results, the efficiency of the proposed model was confirmed.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 학술대회 논문집 전문대학교육위원
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• pp.64-66
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• 2002

This study is to develop electromagnetic plasma reactors for indoor air purification, Removal effect of nitrogen oxide using magnetic field are investigated. And AC or DC high voltage is applied for corona discharge, flow rates are 150${\sim}$1500${\ell}$/min and NO initial concentration is about 10 ppm. In the results, NOx removal rate by AC power is about 10 % higher than that by DC power under the experimental condition of 700 ${\ell}$/min, 5 magnets. When magnet is applied to the reactor, NOx removal rate increased.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.51-52
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• 2006

[ $Ti_{45}Zr_{38}Ni_{17}$ ] powders were thermally sprayed onto mild steel substrates in air and under a reduced pressure of argon. Several oxides were formed after thermally-spraying the mechanically-alloyed powders in air. After spraying in a reduced pressure of argon, the coating layers obtained from the gently mixed powders consisted of the elemental metals, but an amorphous phase primarily appeared in the thermally-sprayed mechanically-alloyed powders, which transformed into the icosahedral quasicrystal phase and a minor $Ti_2Ni-type$ crystal phase after annealing at 828 K. The Vickers hardness and the contact angle with pure water for the quasicrystal layers were about 7 GPa and $92^{\circ}$ respectively.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2015년도 제51회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.215-218
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• 2015

Simultaneous laser ignition and spectroscopy is a scheme that enables rapid determination of the local equivalence ratio and condensed fuel concentration during a reaction in a two phase spray flame. We have conducted quantitative analysis of the LIBS signals according to the equivalence ratio, droplet size, droplet number density and droplet concentration as a part of novel feedback control strategy proposed for flame ignition and stabilization with simultaneous in situ combustion flow diagnostics. This is a desirable scheme since such real time information onboard an engine for instance can be constantly monitored and fed back to the control loop to enhance the mixing process and minimize emissions of unwanted species and potential combustion instability.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2001년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.446-449
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• 2001

This paper presents the results of the power system analysis and power loss breakdown peformed on a 40-inch ac plasma display panel (PDP) TV set. The architecture and function of power system is reviewed. The power flow inside the PDP TV set is presented, and the distribution of the power loss is analyzed. It was found that the sustain driver circuit and power factor correction (PFC) circuit are the two major sources of the power loss. The results of this paper can be used as a preliminary guideline to improve the architecture and efficiency of power systems for ac PDP application systems.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2006

Nanodiamond films were deposited on Si substrate by introducing a time dependent on/off modulation of $CH_4\;and\;O_2$ flows in a vertical-type microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. Surface morphology and diamond quality of the film were investigated as a function of the on/off modulation time interval. The diamond nucleation density on the substrate was enhanced under low temperature and low pressure condition. In addition, the diamond nucleation density was enhanced by increasing the on/off modulation time interval. Enhanced diamond quality was noticeable under the condition of a longer on/off modulation time interval. It was suggested that the nanodiamond nuclei formed the cluster formation.