• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치주과학회 2004년도 제44회 종합학술대회 연제초록
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• pp.137-137
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• 2004

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.371-388
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• 2001

A novel glucanhydrolase(DXAMase) from a mutant of Lipomyces starkeyi(KSM 22) has been shown effective in hydrolysis of mutan, reduction of mutan formation by Streptococcus mutans and removal pre-formed sucrose-dependentadherent microbial film and DXAMase has been strongly bound to hydroxyapatitie. These in vitro properties of Lipomyces starkeyi DXAMase are desirable for its application as a dental plaque control agent. This study was performed to determine the adjunctive oral hygiene benefits and safety of dextranase(Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 DXAMase)-containing mouthwash when used alongside normal tooth-brushing. This 6-month clinical trial was placebo-controlled double-blind design evaluating 1U/ml dextranase mouthwash and 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash. A total 39 systemically healthy subjects, who had moderate levels of plaque and gingivitis were included. At baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months, subjects were scored for plaque accumulation(Turesky modification of Quingley-Hein's plaque index), gingivitis status($L\ddot{o}e$ and Silness gingival index), and tooth stain(Area and severity index system by Lang et al). Additionally, oral mucosal examinations were performed and subjects questioned for adverse symptoms. Two weeks after pre-experiment examinations and a professional prophylaxis, the subjects provided with allocated mousewash and instructed to use 20-ml volumes for 30s twice daily after toothbrushing. All the groups showed significant increase in plaque accumulation since 1 month of experiment. During 6 months' period, the Dextranase mouthwash group showed the least increase in plaque accumulation, compared to the Chlorhexidine mouthwash and placebo groups. As for gingival inflammation, all the groups showed significant increase during 6 months of experiment. The Experimental group(Dextranase mouthwash) also showed the least increase in gingival index score, compared to the Positive control(Chlorhexidine mouthwash)as well as the Negative control(placebo)groups. Whereas the tooth stain was increased significantly in the Positive control group, compared to the baseline score and the Negative controlgroup since 3 months of mouthrinsing. It was significantly increased after 6 months in the Experimental group, still less severe than the Positive control group. As for the oral side effect, the Experimental group showed less tongue accumulation, bad taste, compared to the Positive control group. From these results, mouthrinsing with Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase provided adjunctive benefits to toothbrushing, comparable to 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash in inhibition of plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation and local side effects were if anything less frequent and less intense than chlorhexidine, with long-term use of the mouthwash. All data had provided positive evidence for Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase as an antiplaque agent and suggested that further development of dextranase formulations for plaque control are warranted.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.443-455
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• 2000

The aim of periodontal therapy is a removal of a bacterial plaque butthe instrumentation for plaque control has two nature : removal of a bacterial plaque and increase of surface roughness. Complication of instrumentation is enable to damage to the root surface and artificial crown. Therefore this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of repeated instrumentation on the marginal portion of artificial crown. Fifteen proximal surfaces of ten extracted periodontally diseased maxillary first molars were used. The finish line was placed on the root surface, and then the crown was casted and cemented in usual manner. Three kinds of instruments: hand curet, ultrasonic scaler, and ultrasonic curet were used. After instrumentation, final polishing was done with rubber cup and pumice. And surface changes were evaluated by stereomicroscope and scannig probe microscope. Roughness was increased after instrumentation in all groups, and was decreased after polishing except ultrasonic scaler group. Roughness in the ultrasonic scaler group was lower than others, and roughness after polishing in the hand curet group was lower than others. These results indicate that polishing procedure is recommended, because periodontalinstruments increase the surface roughness and induce the irreversible damage to the marginal portion.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.276-284
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to assess whether chemical cleansing using a sulfonic/sulfuric acid gel solution (HBX) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) resulted in a decrease in residual plaque and calculus in deep periodontal pockets compared to SRP alone. Methods: Fifty-six patients with 56 hopeless posterior teeth, scheduled for extraction due to severe periodontitis, were enrolled in this study. Each tooth was randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 experimental procedures. The test teeth were subjected to the irrigation of the subgingival area with HBX for 2 minutes, followed by SRP with hand and ultrasonic instruments for 14 minutes, and then extracted. The control teeth received only mechanical instrumentation before extraction. Residual biofilm was evaluated on photographs and measured as total area and percentage of root surface covered by remaining plaque (RP) or calculus (RC) after treatment. Results: The initial pocket depth (PD) and total subgingival root surface area were similar between the 2 treatment groups. After treatment, the total subgingival root area covered by RP and RC was statistically significantly larger (P<0.001) in the control group than in the test group. The test teeth showed a lower percentage of RP, but a higher percentage of RC than the control teeth (both P<0.001). Complete calculus removal was achieved in 42% of the control teeth surfaces and in 25% of the test teeth surfaces for a PD of 4 mm. Conclusions: The additional chemical cleansing with HBX resulted in a statistically significant improvement in bacterial plaque removal during SRP of deep pockets, but it was not effective in reducing calculus deposits.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.205-215
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• 1997

In periodontal regeneration treatment, access to the frucation area is very difficult. Thus complete removal of plaque, calculus and endotoxin is somewhat impossible. In this study, teeth that were extracted due to periodontal disease were used. The furcation area was treated with periodontal curette, ultrasonic scaler, roto bur and they observed using SEM. The result was follows 1. The group treatment with curette showed remaining plaque, the cementum existed in most of the surface and partial dentinal tubule orifice could be seen. 2. The group treatment with ultrasonic scaler showed less removalof plaque compared to curette and irregular surface could be seen. 3. The group treatment with roto bur showed cleaner surface and many dentinal tubule orifice could be seen compared to the curette and ultrasonic scaler groups. Thus when suing treatments such as bone grafting or guided tissue regeneration, it is considered that the furcation area should be treatment with Roto bur.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.743-750
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• 1997

Gingivitis is the most prevalent type of periodontal disease and the dental plaque is considered as a major contributory factor. As the poor oral hygiene is firmly related to the occurrence of periodontal disease, pediatric dentist should make every effort to promote the oral health and control the plaque effectively for the high risk patients, especially for those who are under orthodontic treatment. P.M.T.C.(Professional Mechanical Tooth Cleaning), introduced by Dr. P. Axelsson in 1969, is a very effective method of plaque removal and can be performed by specially trained personnel. Two pediatric orthodontic patients were treated by P.M.T.C. for the elimination of gingivitis and gingival swelling. Signi ficant improvements of gingival condition were achieved in both cases but additional preventive programs and home care along with professional office care seem to be necessary for the best result.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2021

목적: 다섯 종류의 치간 세정 용품들을 이용하여, 지르코니아 크라운으로 수복된 치아의 치간공간에서 치면세균막 제거 효과의 임상적 차이를 살펴보는 것이다. 재료 및 방법: 하악 우측 제2소구치, 제1대구치 부위에 지대치를 형성한 모형을 제작하고, 두 지대치에 장착할 지르코니아 크라운을 각 10개씩 제작하였다. 인공 치면세균막을 제2소구치 원심면, 제1대구치 근심면에 도포한 후, 1인 실험자가 실제 구강 내에서 사용하는 모습을 재현하여 치간칫솔, 엔드터프트칫솔, 치실, 이지픽, 워터픽으로 군 당 10회 실험하였다. 디지털 카메라로 촬영된 이미지를 이용하여 제거된 양상 및 면적을 분석하였다. 통계 분석으로는 일요인 분산분석을 시행하였고, Scheffé 방법으로 사후검정 시행하였다 (P < .05). 결과: 치간 세정 용품에 따른 인공 치면세균막 제거 양상을 비교한 결과, 용품의 특성에 따라 제거되는 부위와 양상에 차이가 나타났다. 치실에서 변연 경계부를 포함하여 가장 넓은 면적이 제거되었다. 치간칫솔에서는 변연 경계부 위주로 제거가 되었으며, 이지픽은 치간칫솔보다 좁은 부위가 제거되었다. 엔드터프트칫솔은 협설면에서 인접면으로 이행되는 부분이 치간칫솔, 이지픽에 비해서 넓은 부위가 제거된 양상을 보였으나, 접촉점 직하방 부위는 거의 제거되지 않은 양상을 보였다. 워터픽에서는 거의 제거 되지 않은 양상을 보였다. 인공 치면세균막 제거율은 치실(69.47%), 엔드터프트칫솔(49.36%), 치간칫솔(44.20%), 이지픽(13.04%), 워터픽(0.59%) 순으로 나타났다. 결론: 지르코니아 크라운으로 수복된 치간공간에서의 치면세균막 제거율은 치실이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 변연경계부에서의 치면세균막 제거는 치간칫솔이 가장 효과적으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2007

In this study, an investigation was made on bristles for the prosthetic and periodontally involved patients based on the previous studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ideal location and dimensions of bristles for the patients who were installed with fixed prostheses and severely involved periodontitis. 3D scanner was used to develop 3D visual models of bristles and teeth. These models were developed to be used for designing the ideal bristles for the prosthetic and periodontally involved patients. For the ideal design of bristle, interproximal area of dental arch and bristle must get into maximum and standard teeth may have to be chosen from many gypsum molds. During the design process the factors should be considered that influence the removal of plaque by bristle.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2006

Bristles for the prosthetic and periodontally involved patients are investigated based on previous studies. Specifically, the ideal location and dimensions of bristles for the patients who were installed with fixed prostheses and severely involved periodontitis were investigated. 3D (Three-Dimensional) scanner was used to develop 3D visual models of bristles and teeth. These models were used for designing the ideal bristles. In the design, the interproximal area of dental arch and bristle must be maximized and the standard teeth may have to be chosen from many gypsum molds. During the design process the factors that influence plaque removal by the bristle were considered.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the frequence of 4 periodontal pathogens in the supra- and subgingival plaque in periodontally healthy subjects. Twenty adult individuals aged 22 to 28 years (mean age 23.65 years) participated in this study. All subjects had no pocket sites more than 3 mm deep, and the sites selected for sampling were all negative for bleeding. After drying and isolation of the sites with cotton rolls, supragingival plaque was sampled using sterile periodontal curette. Each plaque sample was placed in individual tubes containing 500 ml of 1X PBS. After removal of the supragingival sample and any remaining supragingival plaque, subgingival plaque samples were taken from the same sites using sterile curette and placed in similar individual tubes. Identification of 4 putative periodontal pathogens from the samples was performed by polymerase chain reaction based on 16S rDNA. Chi-square test was employed to identify significant explanatory variables for the presence of the 4 periodontal pathogens. The data show that Actinobacillus actinmycetemcomitans, Porphyromonanas gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus, and Fusobacterium nucleatum occurred in 16.9%, 14.4%, 52.5%, and 80.6%, respectively. No significant differences were noted in the periodontal pathogens between supra- and subgingival plaques according to the kind of teeth. However, the incisors were at higher risk for harboring F. nucleatum (p <0.05). Conclusion: These results reveal that anaerobic periodontal pathogens can be detected in supragingival plaques. Supragingival plaque may function as a reservoir of peri-odotopathogens.