• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.305-314
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• 1997

Nineteen clones of Jerusalem Artichoke (JA) from several countries were collected through the series of experiments about JA started in 1979. Collected clones were screened for adaptibility in Korea and showed introduction path way. The results about an ecological response of collected clones including flowering, tuberization, biomass production, sugar contents and grouping of collected clones for use of genetic material were as follows; 1. Nineteen clones collected were ffom Korea(2), Japan(l), USA(Z), Canada(2), France(4), Germany(7), and USSR(1). 2. Through the characteristics of top collected clones were divided to the types of branch-non branch, short and long plant height, and early and late maturity. Tuber characteristics were mainly grouped to the types of white skin color-violet skin color, clusters-single unit, round-elongate, and knotty-smooth. 3. Total sugar yields 6-om top at flowering time were 490 - 630kgl10a and 6-om the tuber were 420 -490 kg/ IOa through the high yielding clones. The top-high yielding clones were Mammoth French White, Fuseau 60, Nahodka, and JA3. The higher tuber yields were got from the clones of D- 19, Colombia, Bianka and Mammoth French White. 4. Collected clones were grouped to three and first group was characterized to early maturity and short plant height and second group to medium and finally, third group to late maturity and high plant height. 5. High yielding of top was 6-om the I group of early maturity and short plant height and high yielding of tuber h m III group of late maturity and high plant height.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2011

The induced resistance of cucumber leaves treated with oligochitosan to the infection of the cucumber powdery mildew, Sphaerotheca fuliginea, was investigated using transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that when the plants were treated with oligochitosan and challenged with inoculum, a significant decrease of the disease occurred. The mycelial development in the treated leaves was markedly inhibited. The cytoplasm of the powdery mildew mycelium was aggregated, with its organelles disintegrated and the cytoplasm collapsed. The protoplasm in haustoria became electron-dense. Haustoria became malformed, their organelles disintegrated, the hausterial wall thickened and eventually the whole complex necrotized. The host cells produced defence structures and materials associated with infection and a hypersensitive response. The host cell wall was thickened and deeply stained; several layers of papilla structure were produced under the cell wall; dark materials were deposited between the cell wall and plasmalemma; extrahaustorial plasmalemma was deeply stained and extrahaustorial matrix appositions had large deposits of electron-dense material; the cytoplasm was disordered, host organelles disintegrated and eventually the whole host cell disintegrated and necrotized.

• Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.140-147
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical characteristics. Twelve specific odorous compounds and various sources of bacteria were tested via treatment of food waste using an ultra-thermophilic aerobic composting process. Food waste was mixed with seed material and operated for 47 days. During composting, the temperature was maintained at $80-90^{\circ}C$. The variations in $O_2$, $CO_2$ and $NH_3$ production suggested typical microorganism-driven organic decomposition patterns. After composting, the concentrations of 12 specific odorous compounds other than ammonia did not exceed the allowable exhaust limits for odor. After composting, thermophiles represented 50% of all bacteria. After composting, the percentage of thermophile bacterial increased by 15%. Therefore, both stable composting operation and economic benefit can be expected when an ultra-thermophilic composting process is applied to food waste.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.1176-1180
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• 2021

The current study relates to RADAR (RAdio Detection and Ranging) application for level measurement of vitrified radioactive liquid nuclear waste. The vitrification of radioactive liquid waste is carried out in special equipment called 'Melters'. The study is directed towards the design and frequency modulation used in the level measurement of vitrified waste. More specifically, the RADAR design and frequency used for level measurement in a melter. This level measurement technique can also be used for dynamic vitrification process and can be used to measure the level variations without using any external medium/material and using only electromagnetic waves. Also, this technique is durable and accurate even under the high radioactive environment present inside the melter.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.109-109
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• 2022

Astilboides tabularis (A. tabularis) has been thought to be material for functional food and could help to prevent diabetes for centuries. A. tabularis has been reported to contain phytochemicals (catechin, chlorogenic acid, and rutin), which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We focused on anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl acetate fraction of A. tabularis (EAT) through NF-κB signaling pathway. Phytochemicals of EAT were analyzed by total flavonoid and phenolics assay, its content was 219.2 ± 2.01 and 524.7 ± 0.80 mg/g respectively. EAT significantly reduced the expression of iNOS and COX-2, which caused the production of nitric oxide (NO). EAT suppressed mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, and cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α). EAT suppressed the expression of p-p65 through the inhibition of phosphorylation of IkB-a, and the result of immunofluorescence showed that inhibited the translocation of p65 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.107-107
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• 2022

Scrophularia koraiensis Nakai is widely used to remedy fever, edema, and neuritis. S. koraiensis has harpagoside and angoroside C, these compounds have been reported to alleviate inflammation, rheumatic diseases, and analgesic stimulation. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanol extract of S. koraiensis (SKE) in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced macrophages. At cellular levels, SKE decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO), the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cytokines (IL-1b, TNF-a, and IL-6) under the LPS stimulation. SKE inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and its inhibitor (IκB-α). In addition, SKE suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In conclusion, SKE could be considered a potential resource for attenuating inflammation response and it may be utilized in the material for cosmetics, food additives, and tea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.5-21
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• 1997

Unique virus-like particles were associated with five eriophyid mite-borne plant diseases of unknown etiology; fig mosaic, redbud yellow ringspot, rose orsette, thistle mosaic, and high plains disease of corn and wheat. Quasi-spherical, double membrane-bound particles (DMPs), 120 - 200 nm in diameter, were observed in the cytoplasm of all cell types in symptomatic leaves of infected plants. No DMPs were observed in symptomless plants. The DMPs in symptomatic thistles were associated with two types of inclusions, electron-dense amorphous material and tubular aggregates. Similar amorphous inclusions were also found in corn and wheat with high plains disease, while tubular inclusions were observed in figs with mosaic symptoms. The particles and inclusions were similar in some aspects to immature particles associated with viroplasms of animal and insect poxviruses and also to the double-enveloped particles of tomato spotted wilt virus associated with viroplasms during early stages of infection, but were unique and unlike any known plant viruses. The DMPs and associated viroplasm-like inclusions in the high plains disease were specifically immunogold labeled in situ with the disease-specific antiserum. Thread-like structures, similar to tenuivirus particles, present in the partially purified virus preparations were also immunogold labeled with the antiserum. It is suggested that the thread-like structures are derived from the DMP. In many cells of symptomatic corn and wheat samples, DMPs occurred together with flexuous rod-shaped particles and cylindrical inclusions of wheat streak mosaic potyvirus (WSMV), suggesting that the disease is caused by a mixed infection of WSMV and the agent represented by the DMPs. Based on cytopathology, symptomatology and mite and/or graft-transmissibility, the five diseases described in this paper are potentially caused by virus(es) and the DMPs associated with these diseases may represent virus particles. If the DMPs are indeed viral in nature, they would comprise a new group of plant viruses.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.292-297
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• 2005

Steam generator of a nuclear power plant has important rolls for the heat transfer and the isolation of radioactive materials. So bursting of the steam generator tube is directly related to the accident of nuclear power plants. Incone1600 has been used for the steam generator tube material. The material shows non-magnetic and metallic properties, eddy current NDT method has been employed for defects detection. In this work, a differential type of eddy current probe was developed to improve resolution of defect detection. To verify properties of the developed differential type eddy current probe, we have made reference material with SUS304 which has similar magnetic and electrical properties of Inconel600. Using the developed differential type eddy current probe, we can detect defect size of 0.25 mm in diameter and 0.2 mm in depth (volume of $1{\times}10^{-3}\;mm^3$) with the reference material.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.28-34
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• 2012

Material degradation of Cr steels in using for boiler tubes was studied in the relation of microstructural changes like carbide behavior and mechanical properties of hardness and creep-rupture life. The carbide dissolution was occurred in 2Cr steel of T22 during high temperature operation. And the grain refinement within martensite lath of 12Cr steel of X20 was derived by the high temperature-long time exposure. But the specific phenomena of material degradation which might be represented by hardness or creep-rupture time of the used tubes were not shown in all the tubes of T22 and X20 even in the fire-side using.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2023

Red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most consumed vegetable worldwide. In this study, we tried to suggest the possibility of Cheongyang pepper as a functional cosmetic material by identifying the physiological activity, especially antioxidant and whitening effects of Cheongyang pepper through bibliometric analysis and experimental studies. A bibliometric analysis was performed through co-word analysis of 8,892 papers retrieved from SCOPUS. 4 research fields were obtained by cluster mapping from VOSviewer software, among which we noted the antioxidant activity of extracts from Capsicum annum L.. Phenol as a useful ingredient of Cheongyang pepper was analyzed using HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). Antioxidant and whitening effects were evaluated by measuring DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Cheongyang pepper extract showed contents of 0.106 ± 0.01 and 0.105 ± 0.02 mg/g, respectively, in the order of gallic acid and protocatechuic acid. The extract exhibited 56.95% DPPH scavenging activity and 43.97% hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity at a concentration of 1,000 ㎍/ml. In addition, 1,000 ㎍/ml of the extract inhibited tyrosinase activity by 52.44% and 42.61%, respectively in a whitening efficacy test using L-tyrosine and L-DOPA (L-3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine) as substrates. These results suggest that Cheongyang pepper extract and its active ingredients have antioxidant and whitening effects, and the possibility of future development as a whitening functional cosmetic material.