• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.471-473
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• 2018

본 연구에서 생물 및 비생물학적 스트레스에 내성을 유도하는 식물 생육 촉진 세균인 Variovarx sp. PMC12 균주의 유전체 염기서열을 분석하였다. PMC12 균주의 유전체는 5,873,297 bp와 1,141,940 bp 크기의 원형 염색체 2개로 구성되었다. 총 6,436개 단백질 유전자, rRNA 9개, tRNA 64개, ncRNA 3개와 유사유전자 80개가 확인되었다. 유전체상에서 발견된 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, 항산화 활성, 인산 가용화, 프롤린 생합성, 시드로포어 생합성과 관련된 유전자들은 PMC12 균주가 염, 온도, 병원균에 대한 스트레스에 대한 식물의 내성 유도와 관련되어 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.368-374
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• 2011

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is grown in some regions of the USA and Canada and marketed for its health promoting attributes. While cultivation of this plant species has taken place in North America for over 100 years, there are many challenges that need to be addressed. In this article, the current production method used by growers is described and the challenges and opportunities for research on this valuable plant are discussed. These include studies on pharmacological activity, genetic diversity within the species, genetic improvement of currently grown plants, molecular characterization of gene expression, and management of diseases affecting plant productivity. The current research developments in these areas are reviewed and areas requiring further work are summarized. Additional research should shed light on the nature of the bioactive compounds and their clinical effects, and the molecular basis of active ingredient biosynthesis, and provide more uniform genetic material as well as improved plant growth, and potentially reduce losses due to pathogens.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1355-1359
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• 2008

내생성 진균류는 초본류의 식물체 내에 주로 서식하며, 식물의 병원균으로부터 숙주를 보호할 뿐만 아니라, 식물 생육에 유리하게 작용하는 다양한 대사 산물을 생산한다. 매우 흔히 접할 수 있는 사구식물의 뿌리로부터 49종의 균류를 분리하여 식물 생장 촉진 활성이 있는 균주를 선별하였다. 결과적으로 37균주(75.5%)는 awito-c 벼의 생육을 촉진하였으며, 11균주(22.5%)는 생육을 저해하였으며, 1균주(2%)는 생육에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다. Gibberella fujikuroi와 증류수 및 Czapek broth 배지를 control 로 사용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 결론적으로 사구식물 내생균류의 많은 부분은 숙주식물의 생육과 발달을 조장하는 대사 산물을 생산함을 알 수 있었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.430-448
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• 2023

Recently, strategies for controlling Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of tomato, focus on using effective biocontrol agents. In this study, an analysis of the biocontrol and plant growth promoting (PGP) attributes of 11 isolates of loamy soil Bacillus spp. has been conducted. Among them, the isolates B.PNR1 and B.PNR2 inhibited the mycelial growth of Fol by inducing abnormal fungal cell wall structures and cell wall collapse. Moreover, broad-spectrum activity against four other plant pathogenic fungi, F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 (Foc), Sclerotium rolfsii, Colletotrichum musae, and C. gloeosporioides were noted for these isolates. These two Bacillus isolates produced indole acetic acid, phosphate solubilization enzymes, and amylolytic and cellulolytic enzymes. In the pot experiment, the culture filtrate from B.PNR1 showed greater inhibition of the fungal pathogens and significantly promoted the growth of tomato plants more than those of the other treatments. Isolate B.PNR1, the best biocontrol and PGP, was identified as Bacillus stercoris by its 16S rRNA gene sequence and whole genome sequencing analysis (WGS). The WGS, through genome mining, confirmed that the B.PNR1 genome contained genes/gene cluster of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase/polyketide synthase, such as fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene, subtilosin A, bacilysin, and bacillibactin, which are involved in antagonistic and PGP activities. Therefore, our finding demonstrates the effectiveness of B. stercoris strain B.PNR1 as an antagonist and for plant growth promotion, highlighting the use of this microorganism as a biocontrol agent against the Fusarium wilt pathogen and PGP abilities in tomatoes.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2016

A rhizobacterium LPN-2, which showed strong antifungal activity and auxin producing ability, was isolated from a farmland in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. Based on analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence, strain LPN-2 was identified as a novel strain of Burkholderia and was designated as Burkholderia sp. LPN-2. In vitro experiments showed that the isolated stain LPN-2 significantly produced auxin within 48 hr incubation. In order to check for PGPR function we performed in vivo growth promoting test in different crops, including mung bean, pea and cabbage. Application of Burkholderia sp. LPN-2 showed dramatic growth promoting effect on all the tested plants. We also confirmed siderophore and cellulase productions by Burkholderia sp. LPN-2 using CAS blue agar and CMC plate test. Further treatment with LPN-2 and the crude culture broth was effective in suppressing anthracnose in vitro test and also reduced incidence and severity of anthracnose in apple and pepper. Taken together, we conclude that Burkholderia sp. LPN-2 might be used as organic fertilizer for effective crop production in organic farming.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제50권
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• pp.239-247
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in enhancing plant performance and bioactive compound concentrations in tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). This factorial pot experiment included nine replications over 120 days of cultivation. Three AMF species (Rhizophagus prolifer, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Acaulospora mellea) were utilized as inoculum, while non-mycorrhizal controls with or without synthetic NPK fertilizer were compared. Interestingly, C. etunicatum KS-02 inoculations effectuated the best fruit growth and weight, which were statistically higher than those of the control without AMF. However, only fruit fresh weight was higher in plants inoculated with C. etunicatum KS-02 than those treated with the synthetic NPK fertilizer. In addition, C. etunicatum KS-02 inoculations induced a ≥ 11% increase in DDPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) activity, lycopene content, and carotenoid content compared to the control. This study is the first to report Claroideoglomus species' effectiveness in promoting growth, fruit yield, and bioactive compound production in L. esculentum Mill. These findings substantiate the significant potential of C. etunicatum KS-02 for tomato cultivation without the adverse effects of excessive synthetic fertilizer use.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.881-891
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• 2003

Paenibacillus polymyxa is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) which can be used for biological control of plant diseases. Several bacterial strains were isolated from rotten roots of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) that were in storage. These strains were identified as P. polymyxa, based on a RAPD analysis using a P. polymyxa-specific primer, cultural and physiological characteristics, an analysis utilizing the Biolog system, gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters (GC-FAME), and the 16S rDNA sequence analysis. These strains were found to cause the rot in stored ginseng roots. Twenty-six P. polymyxa strains, including twenty GBR strains, were phylogenetically classified into two groups according to the ERIC and BOX-PCR analyses and 16S rDNA sequencing, and the resulting groupings systematized to the degrees of virulence of each strain in causing root rot. In particular, highly virulent GBR strains clustered together, and this group may be considered as subspecies or biovar. The virulence of the strains seemed to be related to their starch hydrolysis enzyme activity, but not their cellulase or hemicellulase activity, since strains with reduced or no starch-hydrolytic activity showed little or no virulence. Artificial inoculation of the highly virulent strain GBR-1 onto the root surfaces of Korean ginseng resulted in small brown lesions which were sunken and confined to the outer portion of the root. Ginseng root discs inoculated in vitro or two-year-old roots grown in soil drenched with the inoculum developed significant rot only when the inoculum density was $10^{6}-10^{7}$ or more colony-forming units (CFU) per ml. These results suggest that P. polymyxa might induce ginseng root rot if their population levels are high. Based on these results, it is recommended that the concentration of P. polymyxa should be monitored, when it is used as a biocontrol agent of ginseng, especially in the treatment of stored roots.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2006

여러 산업현장에서 배출되는 중금속은 독성이 없는 상태로 분해되거나 안정화되지 않고, 먹이사슬을 따라 생물의 체내에 고농도로 축적되어 여러 가지 병을 유발하는 문제점을 가지고 있는 오염물질이다. 이러한 중금속으로 오염된 토양을 정화하기 위하여 식물을 이용한 친환경적이며 경제적인 식물상 복원 기법이 주목 받고 있으며, 그 효율을 증대시키기 위한 방법 중 하나로 식물과 근권미생물 간의 상리공생적 상호관계에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 중금속으로 오염된 토양에서 식물과 식물의 근권에서 서식하는 근권세균 사이의 상호 기작에 관한 기존 연구 결과 및 동향에 대하여 알아보았다. 식물의 뿌리에 의해 형성되는 근권의 물리 화학적, 생물학적 특성은 근권세균의 생물량 및 활성, 군집구조에 직 간접적인 영향을 미친다. 뿌리삼출물은 미생물에게 유용한 탄소원과 성장인자로 제공됨으로써 토양 내 서식하고 있는 근권세균의 성장과 대사를 촉진하는 역할을 한다. PGPR은 식물뿌리성장을 억제하는 ethylene의 전구체인 ACC를 제거하는 ACC deaminase활성, 식물성 호르몬인 LAA생성 능력, 철 공급체인 Siderophore합성 능력을 모두 가지고 있을 뿐만 아니라 토양 속 인을 식물이 이용할 수 있도록 가용화 시키는 능력까지 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 PGPR은 높은 농도의 중금속으로 오염된 토양에서 식물이 보다 잘 성장하고 서식할 수 있도록 도와준다. 따라서 이들 PGPR을 식물상 복원에 적용할 경우, 중금속의 높은 정화 효과를 기대할 수 있다

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.561-570
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• 2004

To screen the effective materials for hair loss treatment, the Gamissanghwa-tang extracts were tested. As a result we found that the Gamissanghwa-tang extracts have the hair growth promoting effect. After topical application of each test materials to the back of CS7BL/6 mice, the earlier conversion of telogen-to-anagen phase was induced. In the experiments of 5α-reductase type II inhibition assay, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Semen Cuscutae showed effective potential to inhibit the activity of 5α-reductase type II. And hair growth index of the Gamissanghwa-tang extracts ranked as 1.2, especially the hair growth index of Fructus Rubi is highest as 1.8. But there were no plant extracts which have effect on the DNA proliferation of hair dermal papilla cell measured by [³H]thymidine incorporation, the expression of growth factors such as IGF-I, KGF, HGF estimated by RT-PCR and protein synthesis of vibrissae hair follicle measured by [/sup 35/S] cysteine incorporation. Cortex Cinnamomi showed anti-bacterial effect on P. ovale, Radix Paeoniae Alba has the highest radical scavening activity and Radix Glycyrrhizae has the highest effects of NO synthesis. These results suggest that Gamissanghwa-tang can be used as a potent treatment agent for helping hair growth stimulation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.1857-1866
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• 2024

Endophytic fungi have been shown to synthesize bioactive secondary metabolites, some of which promote plant growth through various mechanisms. In our previous study, endophytic fungi were isolated from mango trees (Mangifera indica L.). The present study examined fifty endophytic fungal isolates for mineral solubilization activity, ammonia production, and siderophore production. It was shown that these isolates could produce phytohormones indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid, as well as inhibit plant pathogens, specifically Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Lasiodiplodia theobromae. The results showed that all the isolated fungal endophytes exhibited various activities. Based on the findings, two fungal endophytes-Aureobasidium pullulans CY.OS 13 and Aspergillus tamarii CY.OS 144-were selected for dual inoculation in chili plants under pot-scale conditions to investigate their potential to improve growth-related traits such as seed germination, shoot and root length, biomass, and chlorophyll content. Seed treated with A. pullulans CY.OS 13 and/or A. tamarii CY.OS 144 showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in seed germination and growth parameters of chili plants grown under pot-scale conditions. Particularly, chili plants whose seeds were injected with a combination of the two selected endophytic fungi showed the highest plant development traits. Therefore, the selected endophytic fungi have the potential to be used as biofertilizers, especially when combined. They could eventually replace chemical fertilizers because they are environmentally friendly, beneficial to humans, and can even promote sustainable agriculture.