• Advances in nano research
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.485-493
• /
• 2023

Critical multi-field loads and free vibration responses of the sandwich piezoelectric/piezomagnetic microplate subjected to combination of magnetoelectromechanical loads based on a thickness-stretched higher order shear deformable model using Hamilton's principle. The lateral displacement is assumed summation of bending, shearing and stretching functions. The elasti core is sandwiched by a couple of piezoelectric/piezomagnetic face-sheets subjected to electromagnetocmechanical loads. The work of external force is calculated with considering the in-plane mechanical, electrical and magnetic loads based on piezomagnetoelasticity relations. The critical multi field loading and natural frequency analysis are performed to investigate influence of geometric and loading parameters on the responses. A verification is performed for justification of the numerical results.

• Coupled systems mechanics
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.167-181
• /
• 2023

The determination of the blast protection level and the corresponding minimum load-bearing capacity for a laminated glass (LG) window is of crucial importance for safety and security design purposes. In this paper, the focus is given to the window response under near-field blast loading, i.e., where relatively small explosives would be activated close to the target, representative of attack scenarios using small commercial drones. In general, the assessment of the load-bearing capacity of a window is based on complex and expensive experiments, which can be conducted for a small number of configurations. On the other hand, nowadays, validated numerical simulations tools based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) are available to partially substitute the physical tests for the assessment of the performance of various LG systems, especially for the far-field blast loading. However, very little literature is available on the LG window performance under near-field blast loads, which differs from far-field situations in two points: i) the duration of the load is very short, since the blast wavelength tends to increase with the distance and ii) the load distribution is not uniform over the window surface, as opposed to the almost plane wave configuration for far-field configurations. Therefore, the current study focuses on the performance assessment and structural behaviour of LG windows under near-field blasts. Typical behavioural trends are investigated, by taking into account possible relevant damage mechanisms in the LG window components, while size effects for target LG windows are also addressed under a multitude of blast loading configurations.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제27권12호
• /
• pp.1716-1723
• /
• 2003

A stereoscopic PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) technique was employed to measure the 3 dimensional flow structure of turbulent wake behind a marine propeller with 5 blades. The out-of-plane velocity component was determined using two CCD cameras with the angular displacement configuration. Four hundred instantaneous velocity fields were measured for each of four different blade phases and ensemble averaged to investigate the spatial evolution of the propeller wake in the near-wake region from the trailing edge to one propeller diameter(D) downstream. The phase-averaged velocity fields show the potential wake and the viscous wake developed along the blade surfaces. Tip vortices were generated periodically and the slipstream contraction occurs in the near-wake region. The out-of-plane velocity component and strain rate have large values at the locations of tip and trailing vortices. As the flow goes downstream, the turbulence intensity, the strength of tip vortices and the magnitude of out-of-plane velocity component at trailing vortices are decreased due to viscous dissipation, turbulence diffusion and blade-to-blade interaction.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 1988

이방성과추밀점토의 3차원 강도특성을 조사하기 위하여 일연의 압밀비배수 입방기형삼축시험이 실시되었다. 현장에시 직접 채취된 자연시료가 사용되었으며, 공시체의 주응력축을 시초채취시의 직교 좌표축과 일치시켜 정팔면체면상의 3차원 성괴면이 충분히 얻어질 수 있도흑 충분한 회수의 시험을 실시하였다. 본 연구결과, 측정된 유효내부라찰각은 재료축방향에 따라 현저하게 차이를 보이고 있으나 동일한 정팔면체면상에 투영시킨 응력상태로 부터 구한 수정된 유효내부마찰각은 이방성을 거의 보이지 않았다. 따라서 등방체의 파양규준으로 제안된 Lade의 파장각잘은 업방성과맥밀점 토의 파괴규준으로도 충분한 실용성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 파양시의 변형율 증분벡터도 정팔면체면상의 파괴면에 직교성을 보였다.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국가시화정보학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 2005

Three-dimensional vortical structures in the wake behind a road vehicle has been visualized with the help of two-dimensional PIV measurement data. A three-dimensional velocity field has been reconstructed from several sectional measurement data in the x-y, y-z and z-x planes. Isovorticity surface observed by stacking only the sectional data in each plane, does not show the vortical structures within the recirculation region but represents only the strong shear flows. Thus, in the present study, the velocity component normal to the x-y plane is obtained by interpolating those velocities in the z-x plane. Then, a $\lambda_{2}$-definition which captures the local pressure minimum or vortex core, is applied to visualize the vortices in the recirculation region. The final results represent a successful configuration for the three-dimensional vortices.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.349-352
• /
• 2012

ZnO thin films were deposited on a-, c- and m- plane oriented 4H-SiC substrates by pulsed laser deposition. ZnO nanowires were formed on substrates by tube furnace. Shape and density of the ZnO nanowires were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope. Average surface roughness and root mean square surface roughness were measure by atomic force microscope. Optical properties were investigated by Photoluminescence measurement. Density of ZnO nanowires grown on a-, c- and m-plane oriented 4H-SiC substrates were 17.89 ${\mu}m^{-2}$, 9.98 ${\mu}m^{-2}$ and 2.61 ${\mu}m^{-2}$, respectively.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국실내디자인학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2003

This study deals with apartments, the representative form of residence in Korea, and analyzes the residential plane of 30-pyong apartments that are constructed by the 5 construction companies within in the past three years. It is discovered that these apartments show a certain form and that developing the frame work of interior elements according to the characteristics of family types of 30-pyong apartment residents and the process for such a frame work are needed. Therefore, by analyzing the differences of residential forms according to resident types, this investigation tries to approach the design centering around users. To summarize the steps and contents of this study, first, it draws the understanding and the study field of common residential space, second, it shows the characteristics of family types within residential space, third, it analyzes and verifies the differences of characteristics according to family types within the representative size and form of plane. This investigation is aimed to provide the reasons for developing different planes according to family types despite they may be of the same size, to show the frame of the study method for developing the plane design and the interior element design for users and to suggest the way of designing residence in a conditional approach applying the conditions of users within common residential space.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
• /
• pp.108-113
• /
• 2001

Recently, the mechanical structures applied to many industrial products, especially in electronic products, appear to be miniaturized and complicated. This trend makes it difficult to analyze the stress distribution of those mechanical structures and generates new challenges for precise measurement of strain. Therefore, generally most of those cases largely depend on the finite element analysis. But the development of optical metrology which has the capability of non-contact, full-field and precise measurement makes it possible to solve these measuring problems. Among the optical measurement techniques, the electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) has been developed and considered as one of the most useful tools for measuring displacement and deformation. But the shortage of recognition and difficulties of measurement have limited its industrial applications in spite of its excellent capabilities. Therefore in this study, in order to enhance the industrial application of ESPI, the measurement of in-plane displacement of mechanical structure with ESPI, which is applied to washing machine and cannot be measured by strain gauges, was performed. And the verification of validity of FEA results was also done.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.1558-1563
• /
• 2013

본 논문에서는 시간영역에서 완전도체 접지평면 위 수직 전기 다이폴에서 방사되는 전자기해석을 통해 전파의 거리에 따른 전파경로손실을 해석하였다. 자유공간에서 수직 전기 다이폴의 해석은 시간영역과 주파수영역에서 많은 연구가 이루어졌으나 본 논문에서는 특히 접지면 위 수직 다이폴을 기지국으로 가정한 전파경로손실특성을 시간영역에서 해석하였으며 접지면의 영향으로 나타나는 근접장의 위치변화와 모바일에서 수신되는 과도응답을 관찰하였다. 본 논문의 결과는 지표면 레이더 및 신호처리 분야에 응용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Hydrospace Technology
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1996

We consider the following two questions mainly in this study. First one is how the free surface hayes affect the lift of a shallowly submerged moving body. For this matte., we reinterpret the theoretical results of Kochin(1936), and point out that the high Froude number approximation is not always on the safer side. Second one is what sort of dimensionless parameters determine the occurrence of wave breaking behind a moving submerged body. Temporarily before getting a better answer, we propose that the two-parameter-plane, namely, the plane of the Froude number and the square root of the ratio of the submerged depth and the body length, may be used for predicting the possibility of wave breaking behind the submerged body. A region in the parameter plane is put forth as that of wave breaking, and the validity of this proposal is shown by its agreement with the existing experimental data of Parkin et al(1955) and those of Duncan(1983). Finally, linear and nonlinear numerical results are compared with the existing experimental data to see in what range of the parameters the linear and nonlinear theory case predict the wave field and the pressure on the body with reasonable accuracy. However, since the experimental data, which offer both the pressure and wave elevation for a submerged moving body, are very scarce, much cannot be attained through this comparative study. Hence, it is strongly recommended to carry out well planned experiments to get such data.