• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.163-174
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• 2009

Objectives: Members of the immortalization-upregulated protein (IMUP) family are nuclear proteins implicated in SV40-mediated immortalization and cellular proliferation, but the mechanisms by which their expression is regulated are still unknown in placenta. To investigate to expression and functions of IMUPs in placenta, we conducted to compare IMUPs expression in normal and preeclamptic placenta tissues and analyzed the function of IMUP-2 in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells after IMUP-2 gene transfection. Methods: The expression of IMUPs was analyzed in placental tissues from the following groups of patients (none underwent labor): 1) term normal placenta (n=15); 2) term with preeclamptic placeneta (n=15); and 3) pre-term with preeclamptic placenta (n=11) using semi-quantitative RT-PCR, RNA in situ hybiridization, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. In order to evaluate the function of IMUP-2 in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells, IMUP-2 plasmids were transfected into HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells for 24 hours. Results: We observed that IMUPs are mainly expressed in the syncytiotrophoblasts and syncytial knot of placental villi. The expression of IMUP-1 was not differences between normal and preeclamptic placenta tissues. However, IMUP-2 expression was significantly higher in preterm preeclamptic placenta tissues than in normal placenta tissues without labor (p<0.001). Furthermore, we confirmed overexpression of IMUP-2 induced apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells through up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins. Conclusions: These results suggest that the expression of IMUP-2 is involved in placental development as well as increased IMUP-2 expression is associated with preeclampsia through the inducing of trophoblast apoptosis.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.192-211
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• 2021

In Seongju, Gyengsangbuk-do, the Placenta Chamber (胎室, Taesil) of 18 sons and a son of the crown prince of King Sejong(世宗大王) is located in one place. Taesil refers to the place where the umbilical cord and placenta, which are separated when the baby is born, are placed in a jar made of pottery and stone box and then buried on the ground. The placenta chamber in Seongju has the Buncheong ware (粉靑沙器) cover buried on the ground to protect the baby's placenta. These covers are all hemispherical, with a diameter of more the 20cm. The decorations were made using black and white inlaid techniques only on the outside. The Buncheong ware cover with this shape and pattern has been confirmed only in the placenta chamber in Seongju. This study targets 6 of the Buncheong ware cover whose owners were identified, when and where they were prepared, what the stylistic features and meanings are, and where it was produced. The results of the study are as follows. First, ss a result of reviewing the production background and procurement system of this bowl, it was inferred that it was sourced from Jangheunggo (長興庫) at the central government office, between 1436 and 1439, when the event to bury the placenta of royal members in the ground was the most active. Second, it analyzed the unique features of this cover, such as the shape, pattern, and baked traces. The shape and pattern were compared to the ritual objects contained in the Sejong Silok Oryeui (『世宗實錄』 「五禮」, Five Rites of King Sejong Chronicle) and the lid of the royal placenta jar made in the 15th and 16th centuries. Third, this study suggests that the baking method was based on the shape and location of the traces remaining outside the cover. Finally, the following data were used to estimate the production site: the relationship with the 'Jagiso (磁器所, ceramic workshop) registered in the Sejong Silok Jiriji (『世宗實錄』 「地理志」, Geographical Appendix of King Sejong Chronicle); various records of contribution and dedication about the Buncheong ware made here; and the Buncheong ware and related tools excavated from the kiln site in the area. The place where the Buncheong ware cover was produced is estimated to be the most likely production site for the kiln site in Chunghyo-dong Kiln Site, located in Jeolla-do province by synthesizing the data above.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2000

Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) consists of highly glycosylated noncovalently linked $\alpha$- and $\beta$-subunits and belongs to the glycoprotein hormone family that includes lutropin (LH), follitropin (FSH), and thyrotropin (FSH). eCG is a unique member of the gonadotropin family because it elicits response characteristics of both FSH and LH in other species than the hone. eCG is synthesized and secreted by trophoblastic cells of the endometial cups between 40 and 130 days of gestation. In the present study, mRNA expression ratio of eCG, eLH and eFSH $\alpha$- and $\beta$-subunints was investigated in the placenta and pituitary. mRNA was extracted from equine placenta on day 70 of gestation and from pituitary of male horse (27 month-old). When the expression of both subunit mRNAs of eCG in the equine placenta was compared by Northern blotting, the expression of the $\beta$ -subunit mRNA was relatively greater than that of the $\alpha$-subunit. And mRNA expression of $\alpha$-, LH $\beta$- and FSH $\beta$-subunits was analysed in the equine pituitary. An $\alpha$-subunit was revealed with a size of approximately 0.8 kb. FSH $\beta$-subunit mRNA also was detected out 1.8 kb. It is the same size of the FSH $\beta$ -subunit mRNA cloned. The intensity of $\alpha$-subunit mRNA was greater than that of the $\beta$-subunit suggesting that the expression of $\alpha$ -subunit was dominant in the equine anterior pituitary. Thus, the subunit mRNA levels seem to be independently regulated and their imbalance may account for differences in the quantities of $\alpha$- and $\beta$-subunits in the equine placenta and pituitary.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.229-242
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• 2018

The effects of orally administered fermented porcine placenta (FPP) and its major dipeptides, L-Leucyl-Glycine (Leu-Gly) and Glycyl-L-Leucine (Gly-Leu), on UVB-induced wrinkle formation of the skin in hairless mice was studied. Treatment with FPP, Leu-Gly or Gly-Leu increased type I procollagen synthesis and decreased MMP-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-1) in human dermal fibroblast cells (HDF-N). Hairless mice were also exposed UVB irradiation three times a week and fermented porcine placenta extract (FPP), Leu-Gly and Gly-Leu was administered once a day for eight weeks. Daily intake of FPP, Leu-Gly and Gly-Leu for eight weeks decreased wrinkles, erythema and thickness of the skin and increased skin hydration and synthesis of collagen relative to a UVB-control. Moreover, FPP, Leu-Gly or Gly-Leu intake decreased the expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 mRNA levels and inhibited activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 induced by UVB irradiation in hairless mice skin. These results suggest that major dipeptides of the placenta, Leu-Gly and Gly-Leu have the potential for use as a functional food ingredient with anti-wrinkling properties.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.199-207
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture therapy with Hominis Placenta pharmacopncture therapy in hospitalized patients with peripheral facial paralysis. Methods : We investigated 34 cases of patients with peripheral facial paralysis who were admitted into the Dept. of Acupuncture & Moxibustion of Dongshin University Suncheon Oriental Hospital from February 1, 2014 to June 31, 2015. Subjects were divided into two groups, Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture group(HR group), and Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncture group(JH group). HR group was treated by Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture five times a week and JH group was treated by Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncture five times a week. And both groups were treated by acupuncture, electroacupuncture, herbal medicine therapy, western drug therapy equally. To investigate the effectiveness of treatment, we used House-Brackmann Grading System, Yanagihara's unweighted grading system and Sunnybrook facial grading scale at before admission and after admission. Results : Each scores by 3 evaluation methods improved both in two groups. However, there were no significant differences in improvement between two groups. Conclusions : These results suggest that the Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture therapy is as effective as Hominis Placenta pharmacopuncture therapy to improve symptoms of peripheral facial paralysis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.79-87
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• 2010

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Hominis Placenta pharmacopuncture therapy and sweet bee venom therapy on peripheral facial paralysis. Methods : Clinical studies were done 36 patients who were treated peripheral facial paralysis to Dept. of Acupuncture and Moxibusition, of Oriental Medicine Dong-Eui University from June 15, 2009 to January 5, 2010. Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. : Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncture treated group (group A, n=18), sweet bee venom treated group (group B, n=18). In group A, we treated patients with dry needle acupuncture and Hominis Placenta pharmacopuncture therapy. In group B, we treated patients with dry needle acupuncture and sweet bee venom therapy. All process of treatment were performed by double blinding method. To investigate the effectiveness of treatment applied for two groups, we used Yanagihara's unweighed grading system at before treatment, after 1week, 2weeks, 3weeks and 4weeks of treatment. Results : The Yanagihara's scores of group B were higher than those of group A, but not statistically significant. The improvement indexs of group A and group B were different, but not statistically significant. Conclusions : There were no significant differences statistically between Hominis Placenta pharmacopuncture therapy and sweet bee venom therapy on peripheral facial paralysis.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.5-12
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• 2010

Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) are continuously produced at a high rate as a by-product of aerobic metabolism. Since tissue damage by free radical increases with age, the reactive oxygen species(ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$), nitric oxide(NO). Several lines of evidence provided that ROS appears to cause to develop aging-related various diseases such as cancer, arthritis, cardiovascular disease. In this study, we have conducted to investigate the biological activities of Hominis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture by measuring total polyphenol content, DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging, Superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity, Nitrite scavenging ability in vitro. The total polyphenol contents of Hominis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture was $24.6m{\ell}/m{\ell}$. Elctron donation ability on DPPH was 49.4%. The 2,2'-azinobis-3-ehtlbezothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical decolorization (ABTS) was 50.01%, similar 10 the DPPH free radical scavenging. The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities of hominis placenta herbal acupuncture was 50.876%. The nitrite scavenging abilities at pH 1.5, pH 3.0, pH 6.0 were 52.8%, 29.4%, 15.4%, respectively; these abilities decreased as pH increased. We conclude that Hominis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture may be useful as potential sources of antioxidant.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.686-694
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• 2015

Background Rosa damascena, a type of herb, has been used for wound healing in Eastern folk medicine. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of rose placenta from R. damascena in a full-thickness wound model in mice. Methods Sixty six-week-old C57BL/6N mice were used. Full-thickness wounds were made with an 8-mm diameter punch. Two wounds were made on each side of the back, and wounds were assigned randomly to the control and experimental groups. Rose placenta ($250{\mu}g$) was injected in the experimental group, and normal saline was injected in the control group. Wound sizes were measured with digital photography, and specimens were harvested. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$), and CD31. Vessel density was measured. Quantitative analysis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for EGF was performed. All evaluations were performed on postoperative days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 10. Statistical analyses were performed using the paired t-test. Results On days 4, 7, and 10, the wounds treated with rose placenta were significantly smaller. On day 2, VEGF and EGF expression increased in the experimental group. On days 7 and 10, TGF-${\beta}1$ expression decreased in the experimental group. On day 10, vessel density increased in the experimental group. The increase in EGF on day 2 was confirmed with ELISA. Conclusions Rose placenta was found to be associated with improved wound healing in a mouse full-thickness wound model via increased EGF release. Rose placenta may potentially be a novel drug candidate for enhancing wound healing.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 1991

To determine the preventive effects of selenium and/or vitamin E on placenta retention in Holstein dairy cows. The cows were divided six groups ; control, Se, vit.E 1x, vit.E 3x, Se + vit./E 1x and Se + vit.E 3x in Cooong Nam province. 50mg of Se as sodium selenite and 700 IU of vit. E as dl-${\alpha}$ tocopherol acetate were injected 21 day perior to expected calving date, and 700 IU vit.E was injected 3 times at 21, 14 and 7 days perior to expected calving date in vit.E 3x groups. The cows which did not expelled their placenta until 12 hours post-parturient were termed as cow of placenta retention. The i.m. injection of a single dose of selenium and vit.E has significantly(P<0.05) affected the incidence of retained placenta by 7.0% versus 25.6% of controls, but a single injection of selenium or vit.E and a combination of selenium 1x and vit.E 3x has not significantly affected. But they affected neiher subsequent reproductive performances nor milk yields.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.732-739
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• 1985

In order to investigate the developmental changes in ovary, uterus, uterine vessels, placenta, fetal fluid and umbilical vessels in Korean native goats during gestation, a total of 18 goats were divided into 6 groups by gestational age of 0, 30, 60, 90, 1