• Title/Summary/Keyword: pine nut

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Quality Characteristics of Sprout Ginseng Paste added Dry Oyster and Dry Shrimp (굴과 새우를 이용한 새싹삼 페이스트의 품질특성)

  • Jung, Hee-Bum;Seoung, Tae-Jong;Kim, Jeong-Gyun
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.23 no.8
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    • pp.206-215
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    • 2017
  • Sprout ginseng paste were prepared with pine nut, dry oyster and dry shrimp to examine the antioxidant properties(total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and electron donating ability) and sensory test(attribute difference and acceptance). Sprout ginseng paste were measured based on color value, pH, viscosity, total bacteria cell numbers for 0 and 20 days at $4^{\circ}C$. The higher total polyphenol and total flavonoid content of sprout ginseng paste added with pine nuts, dry oyster, and dry shrimp were higher antioxidant capacity. DPPH radical scavenging activity was increased from 52.2% (SGP0) to 79.5.0 % with SGP5. The attribute test results reveal that the color intensity, bitter taste, and oily taste were decreased in SGP3 to SGP6. Taste, flavor, and coarseness did not show significant difference in SGP0 to SGP6. Thickness and After taste were increased in SGP4 to SGP6. The preference test results reveal that the appearance, flavor, and texture level did not show significant difference in SGP0 to SGP6. Taste and overall preference were increased in SGP4 to SGP6. L value, pH, decrease while a value and b value show no change in sprout ginseng paste with pine nut, dry oyster and dry shrimp. Total cell number was not detected during storage.

Estimates of Early Selection Efficiency for Height Growth Using Age-Age Correlation in Pinus koraiensis (수령간 상관을 이용한 잣나무 수고 생장의 조기선발 효율 추정)

  • Han, Sang-Urk;Yi, Jae-Son
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.84 no.3
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    • pp.356-360
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    • 1995
  • Korean white pine(Pinus koraiensis S.et Z.) is one of the important silvicultural species due to its quality timber in addition to edible pine - nut production. Selective breeding method is under progress to improve growth and nut production for this species. This study was carried out to obtain genetic information necessary for establishing advanced generation seed orchard, such as genetic parameters and efficiency of early selection. Open - pollinated cones were collected from 50 plus trees. In the spring of 1986, test plantations were established at 3 different sites with 4 - year - old seedlings. Seedling height was measured from age 5 to 10 in plantations. Genetic and phenotypic correlations based on the log of the ratio of two ages (LAK) were expressed as simple regression with statistical significance($r^2=0.7862$ and 0.8256, respectively). If 20 years is presumed to mature, the most efficient age for early selection is 3 years after planting with efficiency of 1.96.

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A Study on Horticulture Foods in Kory$\v{o}$ Era (고려시대의 원예식품류에 관한 연구)

  • 강춘기
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.69-79
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    • 1990
  • Koryo(918-1352) made a certain progress in her culture and agriculture except the latter part of the era when the development in social economy were retarded due to military dictatorship and Mongol invasion. Despite of these external conditions, cultivations and kinds of horticulture foods were expanded With the help Of many king's agriculture first policy and the advancement in cultivating method . Among the horticulture foods, fruits such as peach, plum, Japanese apricot, apricot, cherry, pear, persimmon, pomegranate, crab apple, Jujube, grape, Chinese quince, walnut, orange, yuzu, chestnut, ginkgo nut(silvernut), pine nut, nutmeg nut, and fiat were crowed, and vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, turnip, radish, garlic, welsh onion, gynmigit, scallion, taro, malva, cucumber, white gourd, bottle gourd, water melon, eggplant, Japanese ginger, ginger and litchi were cultivated, while semi, water shieled and bamboo sprouts were taken in natural. Fruits were taken in natural or through dry, and particularly grapes were used to make wine, Flowers of Japanese apricots, some fruit trees, and chrysanthemum were also made into wine. Certain fruits were used as medicine owing to its medicinal nature. Vegetables were used to make Kimchi or to boil soup, sometimes they were dried to be kept in storage to be used in rare season and also used as medicine Increase in kinds of horticulture foods does not have any direct relation with the reform of social economy, but the fact that so many kinds of horticulture foods were cultivated and used in Koryo era shows that they elevated people's life and dietary culture.

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A Comparative Study on the Relationship between Tree Form and Volume in Stands of Pinus koraiensis and Larix leptolepis (잣나무의 낙엽송림(落葉松林)에 있어서 수형(樹型)과 재적간(材積間)의 관계(關係) 비교(比較))

  • Kim, Ji Hong;Lee, Chong Koo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.74 no.1
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    • pp.82-87
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    • 1986
  • Noticed that large number of the Korean white pine (Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) has lost its typical excurrent tree from by removal of apical shoot in the process of cone harvesting, the investigation and analysis for the species were made on the basis of the relationship among DBH, total height, merchantable height, and merchantable volume, compared with normally grown Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis Gordon). One hundred sample trees for each species were selected in the same aged stands for the study. Results have indicated that the pine has shown abnormal height growth pattern mainly by the disturbance of external artificial force. The pine's forked and/or crooked stems by the reason lave led the result of less merchantable volume in the same DBH classes. Consequently, the pine would have undesirable tree form in terms of timber production, unless free from apical shoot disturbances. Considered to the merit of the Korean white pine that can produce timber and pine nuts, management alternatives for the pine stand were suggested to achieve maximum rate of return for the silvicultural investment.

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Analysis of Pine Nut Oil Composition and Its Effects on Obesity (잣기름 성분분석 및 비만 예방효과 연구)

  • Kim, Kyoung Kon;Kang, Yun Hwan;Kim, Dae Jung;Kim, Tae Woo;Choe, Myeon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.46 no.5
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    • pp.630-635
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    • 2014
  • Pine nut oil (PNO) is well known to impart beneficial effects in overweight individuals, but the mechanisms underlying PNO-mediated weight loss remain unclear. To investigate how PNO promotes weight loss, its composition was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, the effects of PNO on cytotoxicity, lipid accumulation, expression of lipid metabolism-related biomarkers, and leptin secretion were assessed in 3T3-L1 cells. GC-MS analyses revealed that PNO contains several components, including linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. Moreover, PNO did not have a cytotoxic effect on 3T3-L1 cells. However, it inhibited the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and adipocyte protein 2 (aP2). Finally, PNO significantly increased leptin secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these results support the notion that PNO is useful for weight management in overweight individuals.

Emulsifying and Rheological Properties of the Pine Nut's Extracts (잣 구성 성분의 유화 및 유동특성)

  • Lee, Seog-Won;Rhee, Chul
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.1093-1101
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    • 2000
  • The effects of concentration and pH on the emulsifying and rheological properties of the pine nut's protein extract(PNPE) and carbohydrate extract(PNCE) were investigated. Emulsifying activity index(EAI) of sample containing PNPE was minimal at pH 4.0 and the alteration of pH from 4 to 3 or 8 increased EAI regardless of concentration. The most EAI(about 6.44 $m^2/g$ solid) significantly(p<0.05) observed in solution containing 1% PNPE at pH 8.0, but that of 3% PNPE(0.10 $m^2/g$ solid) was minimal at pH 4.0. The emulsion stability exhibited maximum value(about 20) in 3% PNPE emulsion at pH 8.0. However, EAI of samples containing PNCE increased gradually with the increase of pH, but it had lower value than that of samples containing PNPE. At pH 7.0 and 8.0, the rheological behavior of emulsion solutions showed Newtonian fluid(n=1, $r^2>0.99$) regardless of concentration in all samples containing PNPE, but the samples containing PNCE showed pseudoplastic behavior(n<1) in all conditions. The sample with the better emulsion stability index(ESI) significantly(p<0.05) exhibited the higher L, b, and ${\delta}E$, however, lower a value.

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A Sample Design for Forestry Management Survey

  • Lee, Kay-O;Yoo, Jeongbin
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.739-751
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, a sample design is studied for 2000 forestry management survey of five types forestry , tree felling, gathering of pine mushroom, growing of nut trees, growing of wild flowers, and lumbering industry. We introduce population stratification and a modified stratified cut-off sampling which deal with determination of sample size, sample allocation, and estimation of total and variance of estimator. Substitution of sample units and imputation of nonresponse units are discussed for reducing the nonsampling errors.

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Early Begetational Recovery and Species Diversity of Pine Forest after Fire in Mt. Todok (山火後 道德山 소나무林의 初期植生回復과 種多樣性)

  • Cho, Young-Ho;Woen Kim
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.15-23
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    • 1991
  • The early vegetational recovery and species diversity were investigaed in burned pine forest of Mt. Todoksn from 1986 to 1990. The changes of vegetation in the burned site occurred Miscanthus→Miscanthus-Lespedeza→Lespedeza community. The biological spectra based on SD(%) and SP(%) of the burned site were similar to the unburned site with H---e type. The degree of succession(DS) was gradually increased with succession in burned site. The species diversity index(H') and evenness index(e) were declining successional trend, nut dominance index(C) inclining successional trend in the burned site. The domiance-diversity curves of the burned site showed gradual decrease in diversity and evenness, and then slopes of them were progressively steep in early successional stage.

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Comparison of Maternal Food Intakes during Pregnancy in Children with and without Atopic Dermatitis (어머니의 임신기 동안 식품섭취와 영유아의 아토피피부염 유무와의 관계)

  • Lee, Heejin;Ahn, Kangmo;Han, Youngshin;Chung, Sang-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.141-154
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    • 2012
  • The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD), chronic cutaneous disease, has increased rapidly worldwide. Since AD is the most common disease affecting infants, maternal food intake during pregnancy as well as lactation is important. The purpose of this research was to examine the difference in maternal food intake during pregnancy between mothers having children with or without AD. One hundred forty-eight mothers with children aged under 2 years with AD (AD group, n=74) or without AD (non-AD group, n=74) were included in the study. Diet during pregnancy was examined using a food frequency questionnaire. There were no differences in the status of mothers' food consumption during pregnancy between the AD and non-AD groups. Mothers in the AD group consumed significantly less white fish (P<0.05), carrot & pumpkin (P<0.01), walnut & pine nut (P<0.05), mandarin & orange (P<0.05), and peach (P<0.05) than those in the non-AD group. As food frequencies were categorized according to <1/month, 1~3/month, 1~6/week, and 1~3/day, lower consumption of carrot & pumpkin (Odds Ratio (OR)=6.67, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.98~22.44), tomato (OR=5.11, 95% CI=1.62~16.08), mandarin & orange (OR=8.64, 95% CI=1.59~46.81), and walnut & pine nut (OR=3.85, 95% CI=1.26~11.77) increased the risk of childhood AD. According to the results, maternal food intakes during pregnancy were significantly different between the AD and non-AD groups. Therefore, further studies are necessary to examine the causal relationship between maternal food intake and prevalence of AD in children.

Aflatoxin Residues in Agricultural Commodities Determined by Direct ELISA (ELISA에 의한 농산물중 Aflatoxin 잔류 조사)

  • 조명행;손동화;이문한
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.281-287
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    • 1997
  • We have reported a sensitive, specific and simple direct competitive ELISA method to detect aflatoxin in agricultural commodities. We evaluated the ELISA for practical use to detect aflatoxins contaminated in the domestic and foreign agricultural commodities. The detection limits of the direct ELISA for residual aflatoxins in rice, pine nuts, corns, almonds, bean nuts, and pistachio were 10 ppb and in peanuts and cashew nuts were 20 ppb, which were elucidated from the standard curves of ELISA for aflatoxin fortified into the agricultural commodities. Residue studies of naturally contaminated aflatoxins in the agricultural commodities were also carried out by using direct ELISA. As the results of the studies, it was revealed that there were no residues of aflatoxins in 20 rice samples produced in south Korea, 20 pine nut samples in south Korea (9 samples), USA (1 sample) and China (10 samples), each of 20 almond, pistachio and bean nut samples in USA. However, aflatoxin residues were detected in corn samples imported from north Korea (350∼585 ppb in 2 of 3 samples), from USA (109*326 ppb in 6 of 6 samples) and domestic corns (61-326 ppb in 7 of 17 samples). The toxins were contaminated in corn imported from USA for popcorn (17∼20 ppb, in 3 of 10 samples) whereas no residues were detected in corn from south Korea and China. In case of cashew nuts imported from India, 11.4∼23.1 ppb of aflatoxins were detected in 4 from 20 samples. Most of the contaminated foods were harvested before 1995. Thus, hygienic managements of the foods should be required during storage and circulation at market.

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