• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.315-316
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• 2001

In this study various nutritional and environmental parameters such as, initial moisture content, pH. inoculum size, air rate, sample size and nutrient supplement that influence pigment production were evaluated in solid-state cultures. optimum initial moisture content and pH were determined to be 50% and 6.0, respectively. The supplement of the substrate with different carbon, nitrogen, and mineral source reveals a more inhibitive effect as the substrate concentration increase. optimum aeration rate was determined to be 2vvm in flask culture. The maximum amount of red pigment, 3500 OD/g dried fermented rice, was obtained in optimum conditions which is obtained in solid flask culture.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.397-409
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• 2010

Herein, we compared the production rate of UV-absorbing compounds (mycosporine-like amino acids) and carotenoids in two phytoplankton species--Phaeocystis pouchetii and Porosira glacialis--which are the dominant species in Polar Regions under artificial UV radiation conditions. P. pouchetii exposed to UVR and PAR evidenced reductions in the carbon fixation rate, and was not significantly influenced by differing light conditions. However, the concentrations of UV-absorbing compounds and photo-protective pigments of P. pouchetii were increased with increasing exposure time, but P. glacialis maintained constant levels during the UVR exposure experiment. The production rates of MAAs showed a reverse phase between the two phytoplankton species. The carbon fixation rate of P. pouchetii cells was inhibited by exposure to UV radiation, but the production rates of MAAs in P. pouchetii were increased under UV radiation exposure. The carbon fixation rate and production rate of MAAs in P. glacialis were simultaneously inhibited under UV radiation exposure conditions. These results provide us with new information regarding the processes involved in the production of UV-absorbing compounds and photoprotective pigments in two phytoplankton species.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2015

PURPOSES : This study was conducted to derive the optimum mixing ratio of phosphorescent pigment for the development of phosphorescent line marking. METHODS: In this study, we utilized a literature review and case study methodology, to describe the domestic and foreign state of practice for the production and mixing of phosphorescent pigment for use in line marking. The optimal mixing ratio was derived by comparing the reduction in luminance over time for the various phosphorescent pigment mixing ratios identified in the literature. In addition, performance and construction characteristics were analyzed using field testing techniques. RESULTS : The results were as follows: 1) the results of the luminance performance standards tests showed that all of the phosphorescence test specimens satisfied the phosphorescent fire protection standard. As the phosphorescent pigment mixing ratio increased, the luminance value increased, 2) the luminance reduction rate was minimum at the mixing ratio of 50%. However, when compared to a mixing ratio 40%, a small difference was recorded, the luminance reduction rate from the mixing ratio of 40% is judged as being converged. Therefore, in view of the economic efficiency, it was determined that the optimal mixing ratio was 40%, 3) as a result of construction on the field, a mixing ratio of 40% was found to have a higher luminance value than the general line marking for up to three hours after sunset, 4) it was found that the phosphorescent line markings without glass beads spraying had a higher luminance value than the phosphorescent line markings with glass beads spraying. CONCLUSIONS : Through the results of the basic experiments of the line markings obtained by blending a phosphorescent pigment, the results could be applied to play an important role in the development of phosphorescent line marking paint technology and in establishing application planning for on-site construction characteristics.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2024

프로디지오신은 Serratia marcescens, Vibrio psychroerythrus, Hahella chejuensis 등이 생산하는 일반적인 pyrrolylpyrromethane 골격을 특징으로 하는 붉은색 색소이다. 프로디지오신은 항암, 면역억제, 항진균, 항말라리아, 살조 활성을 갖는 것으로 보고되어있다. 프로디지오신은 다양한 활성이 비해 생산율이 현저히 낮고, 생합성 조건이 까다롭다. 이로 인해 판매 가격이 높고, 활용성이 낮다. 본 연구는 Serratia의 배양 조건에 따른 생산 효율을 높이기 위한 다양한 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 16S rDNA 유전자 서열 분석 및 생리학적 특성을 기반으로 prodigiosin을 생성하는 박테리아 균주 PDGS¹²⁰⁹¹⁵를 부산의 경미하게 오염된 하천수에서 분리하여 Serratia sp.의 균주로 확인하였다. PDGS¹²⁰⁹¹⁵의 붉은색 색소를 산성에탄올을 이용하여 직접 추출하고 특성분석을 실시한 결과 프로디지오신 화합물로 확인되었다. 색소 생성은 25℃, pH 7 및 0% NaCl 농도 조건에서 14시간 동안 배양했을 때 최적을 생성을 보였다. 또한 우리는 fructose와 beef extract 같은 탄소 및 질소원을 처리하면 프로디지오신 생산이 각각 약 6배와 4배 증가한다는 것을 발견하였다. 미네랄에서는 KCl이 프로디지오신 생산 증대에 가장 효과적이었다. 카세인은 또한 프로디지오신 생산에 가장 적합한 공급원이었다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2015

본 연구는 국내 주요 조림수종인 백합나무 유묘의 온도 증가와 건조 스트레스에 따른 생장 및 생리 반응변화를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 온도 제어는 국립산림과학원 산림유전자원부(경기도 수원시 권선구 온정로 39)의 환경제어실 인공 광 챔버를 이용하였다. 처리 온도는 Fig. 1과 같이 최근 30년 동안(1981-2010) 우리나라 전국 월 평균을 기준으로 $-3^{\circ}C$, $0^{\circ}C$, $+3^{\circ}C$, $+6^{\circ}C$로 설정하였다. 건조 처리는 6월부터 대조구와 건조 처리구로 구분하여 대조구는 충분히 관수하여 최저 -0.1 MPa 이상의 토양 수분 포텐셜을 유지시켰고, 건조처리구는 유묘의 잎에 초기위조 현상이 나타날 때까지 관수를 하지 않았다. 온도 증가 및 건조 스트레스에 따른 백합나무 유묘의 근원경과 수고의 상대생장율은 대조구와 건조 처리구 모두 온도가 증가할수록 높은 상대 생장율을 나타냈으며, 대조구와 건조 처리간에는 차이가 없었다. 또한 백합나무 유묘의 엽면적과 총 건중량을 측정한 결과, 근원경 및 수고 생장과 같은 경향으로 온도가 증가할수록 엽면적과 총 건중량이 증가하였다. 근원경, 수고, 엽면적 및 총 건중량 모두 건조 처리구 내 $-3^{\circ}C$ 처리구에서 가장 낮은 값을 나타내 백합나무 유묘는 온도 증가보다 저온에 의해서 피해를 입는 것으로 생각된다. 광합성 속도, 암호흡 속도, 기공전도도 및 증산속도도 대조구와 건조 처리구 모두 온도가 증가할수록 증가하였고, 저온 처리구인 $-3^{\circ}C$ 처리구에서 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. 그러나 수분 이용효율은 온도가 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 총 엽록소 및 카로테노이드 함량도 대조구와 건조 처리구 모두 온도가 증가할수록 함량이 증가하였다. 결론적으로, 온도 증가는 백합나무 유묘의 생리적 반응에 긍정적인 영향과 함께 생장을 촉진시키는 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 온도 감소는 백합나무 유묘의 생장 및 생리적 반응에 부정적인 영향을 미쳐, 생장이 저하되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.142-149
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• 1991

Gardenia callus was induced in MS medium containing $10{\;}{\mu}M$ of 2,4 diphenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), $1{\;}{\mu}M$ kinetin, and 3% sucrose in the dark. $B_5$ medium was identified to be the most adequate medium for cell growth. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was better growth regulator than 2,4-D not only for cell growth but slso for carotenoid production. Ligt also played a critical role on synthesis of carotenoid. Gardenia cells grown in $B_5$ medium could utilize a polysaccharide, soluble starch, as a carbon source. The cell growth was stimulated in $B_5$ medium fortified with 0.2% yeast extract. The optimum pH for cell growth was 5.7. High density cultures can be maintained by increasing inoculum size and medium concentration accordingly. Specific growth rate and mass doubling time were 0.095 $day^{-1}$ and 7.3 days, respectively. The cell immobilized in alginate tends to formulate more enlarged vacuoles containing yellow pigment compared with those of suspended cell. Carotenoid content of immobilized cell was about $264.4{\;}{\mu}g/g$ fresh weight (F.W.) corresponding twice of the content of suspended cell ($112.08{\;}{\mu}g/g$ F.W.). The color of gardenia cell was shifted from yellow to red when carbohydrase-secreting fungus, Trichoderma reesei, was co-cultivated with gardenia cells.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1213-1220
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• 2018

Objective: An experiment was conducted to assess the antioxidant contents and activities of colored rice grains and to evaluate their nutritive characteristics in terms of chemical composition and in situ ruminal degradation. Methods: Ten cultivars of colored rice grains (Oryza sativa L.) collected from several areas of Japan were studied, and control rice without pigment, maize, barley, and wheat grains were used as control grains. Their chemical compositions, pigment, polyphenol contents, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and degradation characteristics were determined. Results: The starch contents of the colored rice grains were in the range of 73.5% to 79.6%, similar to that of the control rice grain. The black and red rice grains contained anthocyanin (maximum: $5,045.6{\mu}g/g$) and proanthocyanidin (maximum: $3,060.6{\mu}g/g$) at high concentrations as their principal pigments, respectively. There were significantly (p<0.05) positive relationships among the pigment contents, polyphenol content, and TAC values in the colored and control rice grains, indicating that the increase in pigment contents also contributed to the increased polyphenol content and TAC values in the colored rice grains. The dry matter and starch degradation characteristics, as represented by c (fractional degradation rate of slowly degradable fraction) and by the effective degradability, of the colored rice grains and the control rice grain were ranked as follows among commonly used grains: wheat>barley${\geq}rice$>maize. The colored rice grains also included the most-digestible starch, since their potential degradable fraction and actual degradability at 48 h incubation were almost 100%. Conclusion: Colored rice grains have high potential to be used as antioxidant sources in addition to starch sources in ruminants.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XII)
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• pp.236-239
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• 2003

생물반응기를 이용한 회분배양에서 균체량 생산에 있어서 조건은 200 rpm, 1 vvm 으로 선정하였으며, 이때 균체량은 11 g/L이었고, polysaccharide는 0.6 g/L이었다. 또한 pH를 초기 pH인 5.5로 고정하여 배양한 결과 pigment들로 인한 균사체의 활성이 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다 균체량을 증가시키기 위한 최적의 회분배양 조건에서는 초기 200 rpm으로 배양을 시작하여 300 rpm으로 증가시키고 glucose 5 g/L를 간헐적으로 첨가함으로써 균체량은 24.2 g/L, polysaccharide는 2.2 g/L로 나타났다. 또한 erinacine A의 분석은 HPLC를 사용하였으며 배양 4.5일째 균사체로부터 추출하여 mobile phase를 Methanol/water (9:1)로 flow rate은 0.7 ml/min으로 실험한 결과 erinacine A는 0.4 mg/g cell 로 측정되었다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.14-28
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• 2017

This purpose of this study to analyze effect material properties have on change in QR code recognition rate according to change of materials by comparing recognition rate of color QR code. QR code applied to textile materials has the advantage of being washable and being applicable to lost child prevention goods or clothes or a person with dementia through record of information relating to the material or input of additional information, differently from QR code printed on the conventional paper. An effective method of entering QR code in textile materials is Digital Textile Printing(DTP), that facilitates printing by rapidly applying diverse information, and small quantity production. It is possible to tailor various QR codes according to use. Regarding samples to use, cotton material used in clothing products and Tyvek material recently applied to clothing and related products were selected. Reactive dyes were used for cotton, pigment was used for Tyvek, and QR code was printed with an inkjet printer by direct printing method. Printing methods and surface textures are different between cotton and Tyvek. It was revealed that consequent print results and results of recognition rate were different. Regarding color to be printed, 2015 S/S - 2017 S/S color presented by Pantone was used. Color combination affected recognition rate of color QR code. Understanding color combination, material properties and print characteristics may be helpful in increasing recognition rate of color QR code, and may contribute to usability of color QR code applied to textile materials in the future.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.162-167
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• 1982

Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999에 의(依)한 보리의 aflatoxin생성(生成)에 대(對)한 온도(溫度)와 수분(水分)의 영향(影響)을 검토(檢討)하였다. Aflatoxin생성(生成) 최적온도(最適溫度)는 25 및 $30^{\circ}C$였다. 수분함량(水分含量)이 13%일 때는 aflatoxin 검출(檢出)되지 않았고, 수분함량(水分含量) 16%에서는 적은 양(量)이 생성(生成)되었다. Aflatoxin B와 G의 생성비율(生成比率)은 온도(溫度)와 수분함량(水分含量)에 따라 차이(差異)를 보였다. 즉 Aflatoxin G는 B보다 초기(初期)에 생성(生成)이 촉진(促進)되었으나 퇴화(退化)도 빨랐다. 또한 G는 낮은 온도(溫度)에서 생성(生成)이 많았다. Chloroforu유출물(抽出物)의 황색정도(黃色程度)와 aflatoxin함량(含量)과는 정(正)의 상관(相關)$(=0.966^{**})$이 있었다.