• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.849-855
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• 1996

Processing condition and pigment maintenance of cockle, Fulvia mutica were studied. Proximate composition of whole meat was $82.3\%$ moisture, $10.8\%$ crude protein, $0.8\%$ crude lipid, $2.5\%$ carbohydrate and $3.1\%$ crude ash, and that of foot muscle was $80.6\%,\;12.3\%,\;0.3\%,\;2.9\%\;and\;3.3\%$ respectively. When the living cockle was soaked in $2\%$ NaCl solutions, about $90\%$ of silt and mud was removed after 10 hours soaking, and over $92\%$ was removed when the pH was adjusted to 7.5. When the pigment destruction was tested by 40 seconds at $75^{\circ}C,\;80^{\circ}C,\;85^{\circ}C,\;90^{\circ}C\;and\;95^{\circ}C$, retention ratios of pigment in cockle were above $95\%$ at all temperature. Soaking in ethanol for 5 minutes resulted in strong adhesion of pigment to meat. Soaking in seasoning liquid containing $10\%$ soy sauce, $5\%$ wasabi, $5\%$ sugar, $2\%$ vinegar, $2\%$ powdered garlic for 3 minutes was effective for instant processing of cooked and frozen cockle after thawing. After 60 days storage at $-20^{\circ}C$, the contents of moisture, crude lipid, carbohydrate, ash and salinity were not changed so much, and pH and TBA values increased to 6.6 and 0.3 compared with 6.2 and 0.2, respectively, while pigment absorbance at 226 nm was decreased from 2.7 to 2.3. However, in case of 60 days storage at $-45^{\circ}C$, there was no change in these compositions.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.168-178
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• 2021

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) forms a monolayer sheet separating the retina and choroid in vertebrate eyes. The polarized nature of RPE is maintained by distributing membrane proteins differentially along apico-basal axis. We found the distributions of these proteins differ in embryonic, post-natal, and mature mouse RPE, suggesting developmental regulation of protein trafficking. Thus, we deleted tumor susceptibility gene 101 (Tsg101), a key component of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT), in embryonic and mature RPE to determine whether ESCRT-mediated endocytic protein trafficking correlated with the establishment and maintenance of RPE polarity. Loss of Tsg101 severely disturbed the polarity of RPE, which forms irregular aggregates exhibiting non-polarized distribution of cell adhesion proteins and activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. These findings suggest that ESCRT-mediated protein trafficking is essential for the development and maintenance of RPE cell polarity.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제46권7호
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• pp.441-450
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• 2023

β-Catenin (Ctnnb1) has been shown to play critical roles in the development and maintenance of epithelial cells, including the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Ctnnb1 is not only a component of intercellular junctions in the epithelium, it also functions as a transcriptional regulator in the Wnt signaling pathway. To identify which of its functional modalities is critically involved in mouse RPE development and maintenance, we varied Ctnnb1 gene content and activity in mouse RPE lineage cells and tested their impacts on mouse eye development. We found that a Ctnnb1 double mutant (Ctnnb1^dm), which exhibits impaired transcriptional activity, could not replace Ctnnb1 in the RPE, whereas Ctnnb1^Y654E, which has reduced affinity for the junctions, could do so. Expression of the constitutively active Ctnnb1^∆ex3 mutant also suppressed the development of RPE, instead facilitating a ciliary cell fate. However, the post-mitotic or mature RPE was insensitive to the loss, inactivation, or constitutive activation of Ctnnb1. Collectively, our results suggest that Ctnnb1 should be maintained within an optimal range to specify RPE through transcriptional regulation of Wnt target genes in the optic neuroepithelium.

• 정보학연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 수성페인트의 주원료인 안료와 전색재료인 아크릴계수지를 사용하여 수성페인트를 제조한 후 기초물성을 측정하고, 아크릴계 수성페인트에 환경친화적인 honey flavor 향료를 첨가시켜 도막을 형성시킨 후 관능검사 및 향의 지속성 여부를 조사하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2023

The implications of nutrient starvation due to aging on the degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is yet to be fully explored. We examined the involvement of AMPK activation in mitochondrial homeostasis and its relationship with the maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial population and epithelial characteristics of RPE cells under nutrient starvation. Nutrient starvation induced mitochondrial senescence, which led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RPE cells. As nutrient starvation persisted, RPE cells underwent pathological epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the upregulation of TWIST1, a transcription regulator which is activated by ROS-induced NF-κB signaling. Enhanced activation of AMPK with metformin decelerated mitochondrial senescence and EMT progression through mitochondrial biogenesis, primed by activation of PGC1-α. Thus, by facilitating mitochondrial biogenesis, AMPK protects RPE cells from the loss of epithelial integrity due to the accumulation of ROS in senescent mitochondria under nutrient starvation.

• 폴리머
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2014

망막색소상피(retinal pigment epithelium, RPE)는 시기능을 유지하는데 중요한 역할을 하여 RPE의 퇴화는 여러 망막변성질병을 유발한다. 현재 이에 대한 효과적인 치료법이 부족하여 세포 이식에 적합한 지지체를 제작하기 위해, 생분해성 고분자인 PLGA와 항염증, 항산화 작용 등의 기능이 있는 헤스페리딘을 이용하여 하이브리드 필름을 제조하였다. ARPE-19를 파종한 후, MTT 분석법을 이용하여 세포 증식률을 확인하고, 세포의 부착 및 세포 형태를 SEM을 통하여 확인하였다. 또한 RPE 세포의 특이적 유전자 발현정도를 확인하기 위하여 RT-PCR을 수행하였고, RPE65의 발현을 확인하기 위해 AEC 면역화학적 염색을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 헤스페리딘/PLGA 필름은 PLGA보다 RPE 세포의 부착, 증식 및 표현형 유지가 우수함을 확인하였고, 이를 통해 헤스페리딘/PLGA 필름의 망막재생을 위한 조직공학적 담체로써 응용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.7-16
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• 1999

Silver-containing antimicrobial inorganic pigments that have been developed so far still have problems, which result from silver's unique metallic color and discoloration. Therefore, those things are used only for make-up cosmetics or just the restricted amount is used. Although the use of white-base pigments or iron oxides has been considered to solve those problems, they virtually fail to serve as a perfect substitute. So it seems difficult to use enough quantity of those materials or to apply them to diverse kinds of products. The purpose of this study was, accordingly, to attain the complete removal of metallic color and the maintenance of color. Additionally, a rosemary extract was employed to develop a silver-containing inorganic antimicrobial pigment(Ag-AIP-R) that has an improved antimicrobial effect and anti oxidative effect.

• 정보학연구
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 수성페인트의 주원료인 백색안료와 전색재료인 아크릴계수지를 사용하여 수성페인트를 제조하였으며, 그로부터 기본적인 물성 측정을 하여 수성페인트로서 알맞은 특성을 확인한 후 아크릴계 수성페인트에 환경친화적인 lemon 향료를 첨가시켜 도막을 형성시킨 다음 관능검사 및 향의 지속성 여부를 조사하였다.

• 정보학연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 수성페인트의 주원료인 안료와 전색재료인 아크릴계수지를 사용하여 수성페인트를 제조한 후 기초물성을 측정하고, 아크릴계 수성페인트에 환경친화적인 cassia oil 향료를 첨가시켜 도막을 형성시킨 후 관능 검사 및 향의 지속성 여부를 조사하였다.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 1999년도 IFSCC . ASCS 학술대회 발표 논문
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• pp.7-16
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• 1999

Silver-containing antimicrobial inorganic pigments that have been developed so far still have problems, which result from silver’s unique metallic color and discoloration. Therefore, those things are used only far make-up cosmetics or just the restricted amount is used. Although the use of white-base pigments or iron oxides has been considered to solve those problems, they virtually fail to serve as a perfect substitute. So it seems difficult to use enough quantity of those materials or to apply them to diverse kinds of products. The purpose of this study was, accordingly, to attain the complete removal of metallic color and the maintenance of color. Additionally, a rosemary extract was employed to develop a silver-containing inorganic antimicrobial pigment(Ag-AIP-R) that has an improved antimicrobial effect and antioxidative effect.