• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.191-199
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• 2002

This paper presents the design concept, theoretical investigation, and fabrication of a six-degree of freedom (6-DOF) turbulent flow micro sensor utilizing the piezoresistive effect in silicon. Unlike other flow sensors, which typically measure just one component of wall shear stress, the proposed sensor can independently detect six components of force and moment on a test particle in a turbulent flow. By combining conventional and four-terminal piezoresistors in Si (111), and arranging them suitably on the sensing area, the total number of piezoresistors used in this sensing chip is only eighteen, much fewer than the forty eight piezoresistors of the prior art piezoresistive 6-DOF force sensor.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.789-797
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• 2004

The nanoscale sensing and manipulation have become a challenging issue in micro/nano-robotic applications. In particular, a feedback sensor-based manipulation is necessary for realizing an efficient and reliable handling of particles under uncertain environment in a micro/nano scale. This paper presents a piezoresistive MEMS cantilever for nanoscale force measurement in micro robotics. A piezoresistive MEMS cantilever enables sensing of gripping and contact forces in nanonewton resolution by measuring changes in the stress-induced electrical resistances. The calibration of a piezoresistive MEMS cantilever is experimentally carried out. In addition, as part of the work on nanomanipulation with a piezoresistive MEMS cantilever, the analysis on the interaction forces between a tip and a material, and the associated manipulation strategies are investigated. Experiments and simulations show that a piezoresistive MEMS cantilever integrated into a micro robotic system can be effectively used in nanoscale force measurements and a sensor-based manipulation.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.237-243
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• 2005

Strain gauge type load cell is used widely as weight sensor. However, it has problems such as noise, power consumption, high cost and big size. Semiconductor type piezoresistive pressure sensor is practically used in recent for low hysteresis, good linearity, small size, light weight and strong on vibration. In this paper, we have fabricated the piezoresistive pressure sensor and packaged the miniature weight sensor. We packaged the miniature weight sensor by flip-chip bonding between die and PCB for durability, because the weight sensor is directly contacted on a physical solid distinct from air and oil pressure. We measured the characteristics of the weight sensor, which had the output of $10{\sim}80$ mV on the weight range of $0{\sim}2$ kg. In the result, we could fabricate the weight sensor with an accuracy of 3 %FSO linearity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1082-1089
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• 2013

3-Axis sensor measurement system is needed for measuring ride quality of elevator. But because 3-Axis piezoelectric accelerometer is expensive. We developed 3-Axis sensor system which is suitable for measuring ride quality of elevator using cheap MEMS sensor. There are two types of MEMS sensor that are piezoresistive and capacitive type. The excellence of piezoresistive type in characteristic of frequency response and noise is confirmed compare to capacitive type as a result of this paper's experiment and reference. 3-Axis system using MEMS sensor needs MEMS's proper frequency response characteristic. Additionally noise characteristic of sensor and circuit, stiffness of assembly are needed for deciding frequency range and accuracy of amplitude.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.573-577
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• 2009

Piezoresistive pressure sensor have become the successfully-commercialized MEMS product and the related technologies have been well developed over the past decades. Regarding the design methodology, however, the coupled-physics FEM analyses of the transducer itself and the signal-processing circuitry design based on the conventional EDA are separated and both of the analyses were sequentially processed for the full design of the pressure sensor. For the fast and effective R&D, new design methodology is proposed in this paper where the FEM results are linked to the EDA environment and therefore most of the design works can be done in the EDA environments, which means the time-consuming FEM analyses can be minimized. In order to verify the proposed approach, a typical piezoresistive pressure sensor having the silicon diaphragm and piezoresistors was modeled and analyzed based on the proposed methodology. The verification results showed that the simulated results were matched well with the measured data within the 7% difference while the simulation time was reduced less than 5% compared to the conventional methodology. Through the proposed approach, various types of the piezoresistive pressure sensors can be developed in more effective way.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.156-159
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• 2005

Liposomes are microscopic spherical vesicles that form when lipids are hydrated and have been widely used for biochemical assay, drug delivery and molecular imaging. In particular, they are well known for artificial cell membranes to study cellular functions such as cell fusions and membrane proteins. Here, we firstly report the detection of liposomes by the highly sensitive microfabricated piezoresistive cantilever sensor chip and the phosphatidylserine recognition protein C2A which is chemically immobilized on the sensor surface. The signal created from the bending motion of piezoresistive cantilever after the liposome attachment has been monitored in real time.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.217-231
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• 2016

The present work aims to develop piezoresistive sensors of excellent piezoresistive response attributable to change in nanoscale structures of multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWNT) embedded in cement. MWNT was distributed in a cement matrix by means of polymer wrapping method in tandem with the ultrasonication process. DC conductivity of the prepared samples exhibited the electrical percolation behavior and therefore the dispersion method adopted in this study was deemed effective. The integrity of piezoresistive response of the sensors was assessed in terms of stability, the maximum electrical resistance change rate, and sensitivity. A composite sensor with MWNT 0.2 wt.% showed the lowest stability and sensitivity, while the maximum electrical resistance change rate exhibited by this sample was the highest (96 %) among others and even higher than those found in the literature. This observation was presumably attributed by the percolation threshold and the tunneling effect. As a result of the MWNT content (0.2 wt.%) of the sensor being near the percolation threshold (0.25 wt.%), MWNTs were close to each other to trigger tunneling in response of external loading. The sensor with MWNT 0.2 wt.% was able to maintain the repeatable sensing capability while sustaining a vehicular loading on road, demonstrating the feasibility in traffic flow sensing application.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 1999

Semiconductor piezoresistive type vibration sensor was fabricated by using semiconductor process and micromachining technology. To measure the micro electromagnetic force between coil and magnet, fabricated vibration sensor was used. Toapply micro electromagnetic force produced from the micro exciter, small-sized NdFeB permanent magnet was attached on the mass of the fabricated vibration sensor. The measured electromagnetic force are about 5~180dyne when the applied sinusoidal current of 1KHz in the range of 1.5~8mA. The measurement of micro electromagnetic forcewas performed by changing the distance between coil and magnet. Output characteristics of micro electromagnetic force according to the applied coil current were linear. Furthermore, output results were used to get the transfer constant that is important to decide the efficiency and the performance of the coil and magnet.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.31-36
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• 2014

In this paper, we developed an intergrated piezoresistive temperature and humidity sensor using nano-technology, and evaluated the properties. In the measuring range from $20^{\circ}C$ to $80^{\circ}C$, output sensitivity of temperature was about 0.75mV/$1^{\circ}C$. Output sensitivity of humidity was about 1.35mV/10%(RH). Therefore, developed sensor suggests that it is possible applicable to the general residential environment.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.187-192
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• 2017

This paper presents an ongoing study to develop a novel pressure sensor by means of a Nano Carbon Piezoresistive Composite (NCPC). The sensor was fabricated using the 3D printing process. We designed a miniaturized cantilever-type sensor electrode to improve the pressure sensing performance and utilized a 3D printer to build a small-sized body. The sensor electrode was made of 2 wt％ MWCNT/epoxy piezoresistive nano-composite, and the sensor body was encapsulated with a pipe plug cap for easy installation to any pressure system. The piezoresistivity responses of the sensor were converted into stable voltage outputs by using a signal processing system, which is similar to a conventional foil strain gauge. We evaluated the pressure-sensing performances using a pressure calibrator in the lab environment. The 3D-printed cantilever electrode pressure sensor showed linear voltage outputs of up to 16,500 KPa, which is a 200％ improvement in the pressure sensing range when compared with the bulk-type electrode used in our previous work.