• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 경북 청송·영천 지역의 화성암 산지와 의성·안동 지역의 퇴적암(역암 또는 역질사암) 산지에 대한 식생 구조를 비교하여 토지적 지표성을 가지는 식물종과 식물군락을 규명하였다. 두 지역에서 3영급 이상의 삼림식생으로부터 Z.-M.방법에 의해 108개의 식생자료를 획득하여 분석에 이용하였다. 총 85과 239속 444종로 이루어진 25개 식물군락을 구분하였으며, 식물군락 간의 유사성을 분석하기 위하여 출현식물종의 상대순기여도에 의한 PCA(Principal Coordinates Analysis)의 좌표결정법을 이용하였다. 화성암 산지에서는 졸참나무, 신갈나무, 생강나무, 쇠물푸레나무 등 139종의 상대순기여도가 증가하였으나 서어나무와 때죽나무는 감소하였다. 퇴적암 산지에서는 갈참나무, 산초나무, 양지꽃, 붉나무, 방아풀 등의 96종이 증가하고, 신갈나무-생강나무군단의 주요 표징종들인 신갈나무, 졸참나무, 철쭉나무, 고로쇠나무, 쪽동백나무 등은 감소하였다. 뿐만 아니라 조릿대, 느티나무-박쥐나무군락, 들메나무-고광나무군락 등은 결석되어 있음이 밝혀졌다. 결론적으로 의성·안동의 퇴적암 산지의 종조성과 식물군락은 지역의 퇴적암 토지, 구릉성 지형의 인간간섭의 용이성, 그리고 과우기후 등의 독특한 환경조건의 총화로부터 기인하는 왜생(倭生)한 소나무림 및 소림상(疏林相)의 활엽수림으로써 화성암 산지의 삼림식생과 구별되는 지역식생형(regional vegetation type)으로써의 그 독특성이 인정되었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2015

The aim of the present study was to assess the variation in species composition and diversity of woody species at different altitudes (900 to 2600 m asl) in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS) and its adjoining areas in Garhwal Himalaya, India. A total of 94 woody plant species (including 44 tree and 50 shrub species) belonging to 72 genera and 44 families were reported. Density varied from $235{\pm}9$ to $505{\pm}21trees\;ha^{-1}$ and $4,730{\pm}474$ to $9,530{\pm}700shrubs\;ha^{-1}$. Total basal cover varied from $10.49{\pm}0.66$ to $42.92{\pm}2.57m^2ha^{-1}$ (trees) and $0.36{\pm}0.024$ to $0.62{\pm}0.047m^2ha^{-1}$ (shrubs). Shannon-Wiener Index fluctuated between 2.30 to 3.53 (trees) and 2.74 to 3.78 (shrubs). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that altitude and aspect had significant effect on the distribution of woody species. Taxonomically, Rosaceae with 15 species emerged as the dominant family. Low value of maturity index and contiguous distribution of species denoted the early successional status of the studied forests. The conservation assessment based on altitudinal regimes and the information on species structure and function can provide baseline information for monitoring and sustaining the biodiversity.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2011

Vegetation structure of Sungheung fortress in Buyeo was investigated to suggest a desirable management proposal. Forset communities by phytosociological method were classified into Pinus densiflora community, Quercus serrata community and Quercus aliena community. The importance value of Pinus densiflora, Quercus aliena, Quercus serrata, Quercus variabilis, Castanea crenata, Styrax japonica, Quercus acutissima and Prunus sargentii were 34.81, 13.57, 12.63, 6.73, 6.40, 4.70, 4.54 and 3.65. According to breast diameter analysis results, it is expected that the importance value of Pinus densiflora and Quercus spec. will be continuosly increased. It should be prepared that vegetation management plan over the castle wall should be considered before the repair or restoration of castle wall. Vegetation management around castle wall should be carried out according to the mid or long-term plan and it would be needed to consider the gradual changes from planted Pinus rigida to the historical vegetation of Pinus densiflora.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.35-51
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• 2014

A phytosociological vegetation survey was conducted in July to September 2011 in order to examine the vegetation community structure in Mt. Ohseo area. It was aimed to provide basic data for the effective vegetation conservation by analyzing the importance, species diversity and community similarity of the forest community in Mt. Ohseo for each layer, followed by the classification of the actual forest vegetation. According to the cluster analysis, the community type of Mt. Ohseo was classified into a total of 4 vegetation communities: Pinus densiflora community, Cornus controversa-Quercus serrata community, Miscanthus sinensis community, and Quercus mongolica community; the vegetation type 4 showed the lowest species diversity index of 0.5236, and vegetation type-2 showed the highest species diversity index of 0.6606. The community similarity between Quercus mongolica community and Pinus densiflora community showed the highest 0.679, and the community similarity between Quercus serrata community and Pinus densiflora community and between Quercus serrata community and Quercus mongolica community showed the levels of 0.5, respectively.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the vegetation, distribution and growth pattern of Glehnia littoralis community by the DCA ordination method in eastern coast of Korea. The number of plant species growth with G. littoralis in natural habitat was found 51 taxa, and species of high frequency among 51 taxa was Ixeris repens, Calystegia soldanella, Carex kobomugi, Elymus mollis, Lathyrus japonica and Zoysia macrostachya. Indicator species of Z. macrostachya, Linaria japonica, C. soldanella, I. repens, Carex pumila, Artemisia capillaris, Oenothera biennis, L. japonica and E. mollis in G. littoralis community was differential species of syntaxonomy. C. kobomugi, Z. macrostachya, E. mollis, Cynodon dactylon and L. japonica was the distribution in dryness sand and moisture sandyloam, I. repens, C. soldanella, L. japonica and C. pumila was the distribution in dryness sand. In coastal dune, I. repens, C. soldanella, Salsola komarovi and G. littoralis combined strength of the distribution, and sand of coast was typical of the habitat.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1972

As part of the study of the structure and the successional trends of our temperate forests, a quantitative survey was made of the relatively well conserved forest stands on Mt. Kwanak, Seoul. Three community types were observed; the Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, the Pinus densiflora community, and the Quercus mongolica community. Evidence suggests that the dominance of Pinus densiflora and quercus mongolica will continue in the Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, however, in the Pinus densiflora community the dominant species, Pinus densiflora, is now being replaced by Quercus mongolica. The trend toward an increased in Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Carpinus cordita, and Acer mono is observed in the Quercus mongolica community. An analysis of the overall composition of the forest reveals that the upper story is mostly occupied by Quercus mongolica and Pinus densiflora, the shrub layer by Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Lespedeza maximowiczii, and the herb layer by Spodiopogon cotulifer and Artemisia keiskeana. Quercus mongolica may cover most part of the forest, gradually excluding Pinus densiflora. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Carpinus coradata, and Acer mono are increasing in importance with the potentiality of developing into major canopy components. With the diversification of the physical habitat Cephalotaxus koreana and Magnolia sieboldii, the species which had almost completely been eliminated form the forest through the severe interferences, have reappeared.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2010

The present study was undertaken in moist temperate forest of Mandal-Chopta area in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. The aim of the present study was to assess the physical properties of soils in relation to the forest structure and composition. Twelve forest types according to the altitude, slope aspect and species compositions were selected for the study. Physical properties of soil i.e., soil colour, soil texture (per cent of sand, silt and clay), moisture content, water holding capacity, porosity, bulk density (gm/$cm^3$) and void ratio were analyzed for three different depths viz., (i) 'upper' (0-10 cm), (ii) 'middle' (11-30 cm) and (iii) 'lower' (31-60 cm) in all the selected forest types. Phytosociological and diversity parameters viz. total basal cover ($Gha^{-1}$), stem density ($Nha^{-1}$), tree species richness, Simpson concentration of dominance and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were also calculated for each forest type. This study also provides the comparisons between the results of physical analysis of the present study with numerous other previous studies in the temperate Himalayan region of the Uttarakhand.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.165-180
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• 2023

This study investigated 62 nested quadrat plots of Jinaksan to identify community classification and changes of the vegetation by using the phytosocial method and analyzed importance values. Vegetation types were classified into 8 communities: Quercus mongolica community, Q. variableis community, Q. aliena community, Pinus densiflora, Q. acutissima, Zelkova serrata, Carpinis laxiflora, and C. tschonoskii. The significance value was highest in Q. mongolica (62.75) followed by P. densiflora (55.16), Q. variabilis community (25.03), Z. serrata (22.17), Q. aliena (18.30), Prunus serrulata var. pubescens (16.86), C. laxiflora (13.25), Q. acutissima (10.72), C. tschonoskii (10.08), Q. serrata (8.02), Fraxinus sieboldiana (6.93), Acer pseudosieboldianum (6.73), and Styrax obassis (5.73). Quercus mongolica displayed a stable distribution pattern, presenting a reverse J-shaped curve from the diameter at breast height (DBH) analysis, and it was judged that current state would be maintained for a certain period. In addition, P. densiflora is expected to dominate for the time being and Quercus species are expected to gradually decrease.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2007

The purpose of the study is to analyse and classify the characteristics of Gongsanseong forest through phytosociological and quadrat method with 20 plot samples. In result, the forest was classified as Quercus acutissima community. The subcommunity was composed of Quercus aliena and Zelkova serrata. The average vegetation coverage of Quercus aliena subcommunity was upper tree layer (83%), lower tree layer (48%), shrub layer (39%), and herb layer (30%), while the average vegetation coverage of Zelkova serrata subcommunity was upper tree layer (76%), lower tree layer (52%), shrub layer (40%), and herb layer (45%). The order of importance value of the forest community with DBH 2cm above plants was Quercus acutissima (72.62), Quercus aliena (40.52), Prunus sargentii (19.81), Styrax japonica (19.39), Zelkova serrata (15.78), Robonia pseudoacacia (14.76), Quercus variabilis (13.83), Sorbus alnifolia (13.71), Platycarya strobilacea (10.74), Pinus densiflora (10.08), and Quercus serrata (9.31). According to breast diameter analysis results, it is expected that the importance value of Prunus sargentii and Zelkova serrata will be continuously increased while Quercus sp. is dominating the forest. With the result of ordination analysis, the relationship between the forest community and environmental factors could be affected by soil nutrition, moisture, and elevation etc.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.121-136
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• 1995

The forest vegetation on Mt. Ch’ongnyang was investigated for phytosociological analysis of the vegetation types and interspecific association. The forest was classified into seven vegetation units; A: Quercus Mongolica community, A-1: Group of Quercus variabilis, A-1-a: Subgroup of Pinus densiflora, A-1-b: Typical subgroup, A-2: Group of Aconitum trilobum, A-3: Group of Quercus dentata, B: Zelkova serrata communty. The group of Quercus variabilis was distributed on southeast- and southwest-facing slopes in 400~830 m above the sea level, and organic matter in the soil was 3.36~4.67％. The group of Aconitum trilobum was distributed on northeast- and northwest-facing slopes in 650~830 m above the sea level, and organic matter in the soil was 7.18％. The group of Quercus dentata was distributed on southwest-facing solpes in the vicinity of 810 m above the sea level, and organic matter in the soil was 9.7％. The Zelkova serrata community was distributed in the vicinity of ravines, and organic matter in the soil was 7.6％. The contents of Mg and Ca, and electric conductivity in the Zelkova serrata community were relatively high, 11.82 me/100mg, and 11.27 me/100mg, 102.2 μ mos/cm, respectively. In the results of polar ordination, environmental gradient of axis Ⅰ and axis Ⅱwere correlated with moisture, inclination and azimuth, respectively. Group of Quercus variabilis has occurred in xeric, group of Aconitum trilobum in submesic, and the Zelrova serrata community in mesic sites. In the meantime the interspecific association analysis based on chi-square yielded three species groupings with high positive affinity(p<0.01), i.e.group Ⅰ consisted of 18 species, including Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Ansliaea acerifolia, Aconitum trilobum and group Ⅲ consisted of 19 species, in cluding Zelrova serrata, Oplismenus undulatifolius, Acer truncatum var. barbinerve, respectively.