• 한방비만학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the progress of weight and waist circumference(WC) through oriental obesity treatment and clarify the correlation between weight loss and WC change. Methods The subjects were treated from January 2007 to September 2009 in J Oriental Medical Center. Herbal medicine, electroacupuncture, oriental obesity physiotherapy were performed for a month. We checked the change of weight and WC at every treatment. We classified the WC into upper, middle, lower parts specifically and measured them individually. Measurements were analyzed by using one-way repeated measures ANOVA and we also investigated correlation between weight loss and WC change. Results (1) During the first and second treatment sessions, the weight loss was the highest, $0.96{\pm}0.86\;kg$($1.46{\pm}1.32\;%$) and during the 5th and 6th treatment sessions, the lowest $0.37{\pm}0.616\;kg$. The final weight loss was $3.71{\pm}1.476\;kg$($5.51{\pm}2.12\;%$). (2) After 8 treatment sessions, the reductions of upper, middle and lower WC were $3.59{\pm}2.26\;%$, $5.93{\pm}2.75\;%$, $5.51{\pm}3.22\;%$, respectively. As the patients received more treatment, there was a progressive decline in the variation of weight and middle WC. However, the decline rate of upper and middle WC fluctuated during the treatments, forming a W-shaped curve. (3) Analysis of the correlation between the weight loss and WC change shows that the reduction of middle WC was most closely associated with the weight loss. Conclusions This study indicated that the rate of weight loss and WC reduction showed stagnation during the 5th and 6th treatment sessions, and the reduction of middle WC was most closely associated with the weight loss. Since the progress of weight and WC change is an important field of research on obesity, further systemic studies would be needed for the foundation of a clinical guideline.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.313-326
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• 2015

Objective: The objective of this research is to quantitatively analyze muscle activities of arm and shoulder, according to direction in various types of one-handed manual material handling, based on surface electromyography. Background: Workers in industrial sites frequently carry out one-handed manual material handling using arm and shoulder muscles. Therefore, chronic load and accumulated fatigue occur to arm and shoulder muscles, which becomes a main cause of upper arm and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders. The shoulder muscles have widely range of motion, and complex interactions take place among various muscles including rotator cuff muscles. In this regard, research on interactions among should muscles, according to such various dynamic motions, is required. Method: Ten male subjects in their 20s participated in this research. This research considered upward, downward, leftward, rightward, forward and backward directions and fourteen muscles around arm and shoulder (biceps brachii and trapezius, etc.) as independent variables. The mean muscle activity was set as the dependent variable. This research extracted $4^{th}{\sim}7^{th}$ repetition signals according to ten times of repetitive muscle contraction, and analyzed the muscle activity concerned using the envelope detection technique. Results: The mean muscle activity of upward direction was analyzed highly statistically significant. The reason is that the effect of gravity works to arm and shoulder muscles. Also, it is conjectured that deformation of coracoacromial ligament was caused, and its contact pressure increased, due mainly to the shoulder flexion, and therefore load was analyzed high. Muscle activity was analyzed significantly low, according to concentric ballistic motion used in the concentric contraction phase by storing elastic energy in the eccentric contraction phase with a motion to bring the weight to the front of subject's body as to downward, leftward and backward directions. Because, elbow joint's flexion-extension motions mainly occurred, biceps brachii was analyzed high muscle activity as the prime mover. Conclusion: The information on the quantitative load of muscles can be applied to ergonomic work design for one-handed manual material handling to minimize muscle load. Application: This research has effectively identified muscle activity according to dynamic contraction by applying an envelope detection technique. The results can be used for ergonomic work design to minimize muscle load during the one-handed manual material handling, according to each direction. The research results are expected to be used for musculoskeletal disorder prevention and physiotherapy in the rehabilitation medical field, based on the muscle load of arm and shoulder in various directions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2018

Objectives: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) is a joint pathology caused by bony and/or fibrous adhesion of the joint apparatus, resulting in partial or total loss of function. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted between 2012 and 2016 in the northwest region of Nigeria. The data retrieved includes gender, age, etiology of ankylosis, duration of ankylosis, laterality of ankylosis, type of imaging technique, type of airway management, types of incision, surgical procedure, mouth opening, interpositional materials used, and complications. Results were presented as simple frequencies and descriptive statistics. Results: Thirty-six patients with TMJA were evaluated during the study period. There were 21 males (58.3%) and 15 females (41.7%), yielding a male:female ratio of 1.4:1. The patients' age ranged from 5 to 33 years with $mean{\pm}standard$ deviation ($13.8{\pm}6.6years$). Thirty-five cases (97.2%) were determined to be true/bony ankylosis, while only 1 case (2.8%) was false/fibrous ankylosis. Most of the TMJA cases (16 cases, 44.4%) were secondary to a fall. In our series, the most commonly utilized incision was the Bramley-Al-Kayat (15 cases, 41.7%). The mostly commonly performed procedures were condylectomies and upper ramus ostectomies (12 cases each, 33.3%), while the most commonly used interpositional material was temporalis fascia (14 cases, 38.9%). The complications that developed included 4 cases (11.1%) of severe hemorrhage, 1 case (2.8%) of facial nerve palsy, and 1 case (2.8%) of re-ankylosis. Conclusion: Plain radiographs, with their shortcomings, still have significant roles in investigating TMJA. Aggressive postoperative physiotherapy for a minimum of 6 months is paramount for successful treatment.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.233-250
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of inpatients who were admitted to Korean medicine hospital due to traffic accident. Methods 1,162 traffic accident patients who were admitted to department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine of Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital, Dae-Jeon University from 1st, January, 2011 to 31th, December, 2012 were analyzed according to the medical charts. Results 1. The average treatment result was 3.22 and in most (71.52%) of the patients, symptoms were more than improved. 2. In distribution according to age and sex, people in their 30s numbered the most both in male (12.65%) and female (14.72%). The 1,162 inpatients comprised of 457 (39.33%) male and 705 (60.67%) female. 3. 541 (46.56%) patients admitted in 2011 and 621 (53.44%) patients admitted in 2012. 4. 695 (59.81%) patients visited Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital within 0~2 days after their traffic accident, followed by 242 (20.83%) patients who visited within 3~5 days after their traffic accident. Patients who admitted earlier showed more improvement in symptoms. 5. The average admission days were 9.32 days. Most (57.66%) patients discharged within 1 week. 6. 825 (71.00%) patients were driving sedan at the time of accident, followed by 105 (9.04%) SUV owners and 71 (6.11%) pedestrians. 7. Rear-end collision accident numbered the most (45.61%), followed by lateral collision (24.35%) and frontal collision (14.72%). 8. Most frequently prescribed examination was X-ray (95.52%), followed by CT (8.69%) and MRI (3.01%). 9. Most frequently given diagnosis was sprain (1,126 (96.90%) patients), followed by concussion & abrasion (178 (15.32%) patients) and fracture (109 (9.38%) patients). 10. Most frequently given Korean medicine treatment was acupuncture (1,162 (100%) patients), followed by anti-inflammatory pharmacopuncture (652 (56.11%) patients) and moxibustion (462 (39.76%) patients). 11. Most frequently given Korean medicine physiotherapy was infra-red (1,161 (99.91%) patients), followed by cupping therapy (1,152 (99.14%) patients) and hotpack (1,137 (97.85%) patients). 12. Most frequently prescribed herb medicine was huishou-san (13.51%), followed by dangguixu-san (12.65%) and yaojiao-tang G (7.06%) Conclusions In this study, people in their 30s, females, within 0~2 days since the accident took the highest percentage from each category of patients who admitted to Korean Medicine Hospital due to traffic accident. Patients who admitted earlier showed more improvement in symptoms and also discharged earlier.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2017

Purpose: This study attempts to identify the effects of abdominal strength training using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on the balance ability and pain level of patients with chronic lower back pain. Methods: A total of 30 patients with chronic lower back pain were randomly divided into either experimental group I (n=10), who received abdominal strength training using PNF, experimental group II (n=10), who received abdominal strengthening training, or the control group (n=10), who received conventional physiotherapy. The interventions were applied three times a week for six weeks. We measured Berg's balance scale (BBS) in order to investigate the change in balance ability, while we measured the visible analogue scale (VAS) to determine the severity of pain. We conducted a paired t-test to compare the within-group change before and after the intervention. For the comparison of the between-group difference, we used a one-way ANOVA test. Tukey's test was used as a post hoc test. The statistical significance level was set at ${\alpha}=0.05$ for all the variables. Results: Experimental group I and experimental group II showed a significant within-group change in BBS (p<0.01). A statistically significant between-group difference was observed in terms of the change in BBS (p<0.01). According to the results of the post hoc Tukey test, experimental group I and experimental group II showed a more effective change in BBS than the control group. Experimental group I, experimental group II, and the control group all showed a significant within-group change in the VAS (p<0.01). There was a statistically significant between-group difference in terms of the change in the VAS (p<0.01). According to the results of the post hoc Tukey test, the change in the VAS was more effective in experimental group I than in experimental group II and the control group. Conclusion: In this study, the application of abdominal strength training using PNF for subjects who complained of chronic lower back pain proved effective in improving their balance ability and reducing pain. We therefore believe that this training method could be applied as a useful program for patients with chronic lower back pain.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.391-404
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• 2018

이 연구의 목적은 치매노인의 낙상을 예방하기 위한 중재연구의 현황을 파악하고 낙상예방을 위한 중재 프로그램의 내용과 효과를 알아보는 것이다. 문헌 검색은 치매, 알쯔하이머, 알츠하이머, 낙상, 낙상예방을 검색어로 하여 한국교육학술정보원(http://www.riss4u.net), 국회도서관, 한국학술정보(http://kiss. kstudy.com)와 pubMed, CINAHL을 통해 2000년 1월부터 2016년 12월까지 발표된 연구 논문을 검색하였다. 전자 자료를 검색한 후 연구자가 원본을 확인하여 선별한 13편의 논문을 최종 분석 하였다. 연구에 적용된 중재분야는 운동 치료(8편, 61.5%), 물리 치료와 작업 치료(2편, 15.4%), 보완대체요법(2편, 15.4%), 음악 치료(1편, 7.7%)이었다. Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network의 체크 리스트로 논문의 질적 평가를 실시하였다. 논문의 질적 평가 결과 10점 만점에 9점인 연구가 2편, 8점인 연구가 5편, 7점인 연구가 6편이었다. 낙상예방 중재내용을 분석한 결과 중재시간은 1회당 평균 55분을 시행하였고 중재 총 시행 횟수는 평균 37회이었다. 분석한 연구 결과에 의하면 운동 치료(타이치 포함), 음악 치료, 물리 치료와 작업 치료, 율동 동작 치료 등이 치매노인의 낙상예방에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 이 결과를 활용하여 임상 현장에서 간호사에 의한 낙상예방 중재 프로그램 개발에 근거 자료로 활용하기를 기대한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2017

Lumbar degenerative kyphosis (LDK) is a subgroup of the flat-back syndrome and is most commonly caused by unique life styles, such as a prolonged crouched posture during agricultural work and performing activities of daily living on the floor. Unfortunately, LDK has been used as a byword for degenerative sagittal imbalance, and this sometimes causes confusion. The aim of this review was to evaluate the exact territory of LDK, and to introduce another appropriate term for degenerative sagittal deformity. Unlike what its name suggests, LDK does not only include sagittal balance disorder of the lumbar spine and kyphosis, but also sagittal balance disorder of the whole spine and little lordosis of the lumbar spine. Moreover, this disease is closely related to the occupation of female farmers and an outdated Asian life style. These reasons necessitate a change in the nomenclature of this disorder to prevent misunderstanding. We suggest the name "primary degenerative sagittal imbalance" (PDSI), which encompasses degenerative sagittal misalignments of unknown origin in the whole spine in older-age patients, and is associated with back muscle wasting. LDK may be regarded as a subgroup of PDSI related to an occupation in agriculture. Conservative treatments such as exercise and physiotherapy are recommended as first-line treatments for patients with PDSI, and surgical treatment is considered only if conservative treatments failed. The measurement of spinopelvic parameters for sagittal balance is important prior to deformity corrective surgery. LDK can be considered a subtype of PDSI that is more likely to occur in female farmers, and hence the use of LDK as a global term for all degenerative sagittal imbalance disorders is better avoided. To avoid confusion, we recommend PDSI as a newer, more accurate diagnostic term instead of LDK.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2012

충돌 증후군 및 회전근 개 파열에 있어 보존적 치료의 방법은 그 목적에 따라 염증과 통증의 완화를 위한 방법으로서 휴식, 진통 소염제 복용, 국소 스테로이드 주사제의 사용, 물리 요법 등을 사용할 수 있으며, 연부조직의 유연성 회복을 위한 스트레칭 운동과 기능의 회복을 위한 근력 강화 운동을 시행할 수 있다. 흔히 보존적 치료를 단계별로 구분해 보면 1단계로는 통증 완화를 위한 치료, 일상 생활 동작의 조절, 스트레칭 운동 등의 방법을 사용해 볼 수 있고, 2단계로는 전후방 회전근 개에서 시작하여 견갑골 주위 근육과 삼각근의 순서로 진행하는 근력 강화 운동을 시도해 볼 수 있으며, 3단계에서는 직업, 가사 및 취미 활동 등의 정상 생활로의 복귀를 위한 훈련과 유지 프로그램으로 구성해서 치료를 할 수 있다. 이와 같이 단계적으로 시행하게 되는 충돌 증후군 및 회전근 개 파열에 대한 보존적 치료의 핵심은 운동 치료라고 볼 수 있으며, 따라서 충돌 증후군 및 회전근 개 파열의 보존적 치료를 시행함에 있어 다양한 운동 치료 방법을 정확하게 숙지하고 환자의 상태에 맞게 적용하는 것이 중요하다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2011

본 연구는 최상위 포식자로 멸종위기종인 황새의 서식처 복원지역에 필요한 소택지 조성을 위해 선행연구의 적지선정모형과 습지평가기준을 근거해 소택지 적지선정 평가항목을 설정하고 이를 적용하여 적지선정을 수행하였다. 연구대상지는 황새공원이 포함되는 예산군 대리의 입구로부터 수치표고모델(DEM)을 이용한 유역분석을 실시하여 $5,884,800m^2$의 범위를 설정하였다. 수체, 토양, 경사, 토지이용, 인간간섭, 야생동물통로, 수자원종류 등 평가항목별로 GIS 프로그램을 이용하여 주제도를 작성하였다. 작성된 7항목의 주제도를 중첩하여 평가결과가 높게 나타난 지점을 중심으로 복원적지를 선정하였다. 도면중첩을 실시한 결과 21점 만점에 19~20점 지역은 면적이 작아 조성적지를 18점 이상의 지점으로 확대하여 총 8개 조성적지를 선정하였다. 선정된 대상지는 대부분 점토질로 이루어져 표토를 활용 할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 지표수와 연결성 또한 높게 평가되어 용수 공급의 문제는 없을 것으로 판단하였다. 양호한 토지이용과 완만한 경사를 보여 조성이 용이할 것으로 판단되며, 주위 생태계와의 연결성 또한 양호하여 야생동물의 이동이 용이 할 것으로 사료된다. 습지의 이용 가능한 수원을 파악하고 개선방안을 도출하고자 수질분석을 실시한 결과 살목지 및 보강지로 유입되어 흘러가는 수체의 수질환경이 대체로 양호하지만, 지하수 용출 후 체류된 수체의 수질이 좋지 않아 향후 습지의 수문이 정체되지 않도록 인근 지표수의 연결이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구의 한계로는 연구대상지의 물리환경을 중심으로 분석한 결과를 가지고 소택지의 조성 적지를 선정한 것으로, 향후 생물환경의 조사를 추가하여 생물다양성의 증진효과를 규명할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2862-2868
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• 2013

본 연구는 비특이성 경부통 환자의 경부통증수준과 상지 기능장애간에 상관성을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 경부통증과 경부기능장애는 Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire(NPQ)로 상지 기능장애는 상지기능장애 설문지(disabilities of arm, shoulder, hand questionnaire; DASH)를 이용하여 평가하였다. 잠재적인 교란변수로 작용할 수 있는 심리학적 변수는 통증 자아효능감(Pain Self Efficacy; PES)과 공포회피반응 설문지(fear-avoidence beliefs questionnaire; FABQ)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 분석 결과, NPQ 점수와 DASH 점수는 피어슨 상관 계수가 0.628점의 양의 상관관계가 있었으며, PES과 FABQ 점수와도 유의한 상관성을 나타내었다. 이 결과를 통해 경부통 환자의 경부통 및 경부기능장애 수준과 상지 기능장애 수준 간에 상관성이 나타날 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 통증에 대한 부정적인 인식과 공포회피반응이 심한 환자의 경우 상지 기능평가에 직접적인 영향을 줄 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이에 경부통 환자의 관리 시 상지 기능장애와 심리학적 요인을 평가하여야만 할 것이다.