• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.402-406
• /
• 2014

Six kinds of newly recorded yeasts such as Rhodosporidium diobovatum SY4-2, Cryptococcus bestiolae SY7-1, Kazachstania unispora SY14-1, Kazachstania servazzii SY14-3, Pichia holstii SY20-2 and Cryptococcus tephrensis SY26-1 were screened from sixty one yeasts derived from wild flowers found in Seonyudo, Gogunsanyeoldo, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. All of them grew in 50% glucose-containing yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) broth and Pichia holstii SY20-2 was also halophile, growing in 20% NaCl-containing YPD broth. All of them, except Cryptococcus tephrensis SY26-1, were assimilated to glucose. Cell-free extract from Kazachstania servazzii SY14-3 showed the highest 98.6% of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity and maximal production of the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitor was obtained with 24h incubation at $30^{\circ}C$. The antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of the unrecorded yeasts were showed 58.6-80.4% in their supernatants.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.23 no.12
• /
• pp.1525-1531
• /
• 2013

Baegilju is a famous traditional Korean wine made over the course of 100 days. The physiological functionalities of Baegilju were evaluated using different tests. The spectrophotometric method was used to determine the total concentration of polyphenolics and flavonoids and DPPH and ABTS radicals. A nitrite scavenging assay was used to evaluate antioxidant activity. The fibrin plate method was used for fibrinolysis and to evaluate angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity; finally, the colorimetric determination method was used to evaluate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. The total polyphenolic content of non-sterilized Baegilju and sterilized Baegilju were 391.59 ${\mu}g$ and 401.33 ${\mu}g$ tannic acid equivalents/ml, respectively; and the flavonoids contents were 284.75 ${\mu}g$ and 308.35 ${\mu}g$ quercetin equivalents/ml, respectively. Baegilju exhibited more excellent antioxidant activities (DPPH and ABTS radicals, nitrite scavenging activity) than did Cheongju. In addition, the fibrinolytic activity and AChE inhibitory activity were found to be higher in Baegilju than they were in Cheongju. The ACE inhibitory activity of non-sterilized Baegilju, sterilized Baegilju, and Cheongju were 23.62%, 19.99%, and 38.91%, respectively. Therefore, these results suggest that Baegilju has potential as an antioxidant agent and anti-thrombosis agent.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.249-258
• /
• 2019

The goal of this study was to isolate and characterize the wild yeast strains in the soils of Hajodae and Gyungpodae Beaches, Gyungpo Lake in Kangwon-do, Korea and evaluate their anti-demential and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Among the 27 yeast strains isolated from 30 soil samples from Hajodae Beach, Cyberlindnera culbertsonii HJ31-1, Dothichiza pithyophila HJ22-4, Metschnikowia bicuspidata HJ16-1, and Sakaguchia cladiensis HJ14-1 were recorded for the first time in Korea. Additionally, six of the 55 wild yeast strains isolated from 45 soil samples from Gyungpodae Beach and Gyungpo Lake had not previously been detected in Korea, such as Aureobasidium melanogenum JR3-1. The microbiological characteristics and anti-demential and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of these previously unrecorded yeasts were investigated. Almost all of them were oval-shaped and had ascospores except for Dothichiza pithyophila HJ22-4, Diutina siamensis JR37-5, and Canadida gelsemii DC 35-1. Furthermore, they were all sugar-tolerant and able to grow in 20% glucose-containing YPD broth, except for Cyberlindnera culbertsonii HJ31-1. Diutina siamensis JR37-5 had the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity (30.9%).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.68-75
• /
• 2013

The physiological properties of water extracts from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) leaves (JAL) with different extraction processes (stirrer extraction, SE; reflux extraction, RE; autoclave extraction, AE; low temperature high pressure extraction, LTPE) were investigated. The freeze-dried powder yields of SE, RE, AE, and LTPE were 22.33%, 29.88%, 31.65, and 15.74%, respectively. AE showed the highest value of extract yield. The $a^*$ and $b^*$ values were higher in AE compared to other extracts. Total polyphenolics and flavonoids contents in AE was significantly higher than in other extracts. The amount of proanthocyanidin related substances were highest in LTPE (29.36 mg/g), followed by RE (21.57 mg/g), SE (20.35 mg/g), and AE (13.02 mg/g). The electron donating abilities of SE, RE, AE, and LTPE at a concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$ (w/v) were 76.16%, 39.55%, 25.50%, and 12.59%, respectively. Reducing power for the four different processes was 1.79, 1.60, 1.51, and 1.17, respectively. Additionally the same tendency was observed with electron donating ability and reducing power for ABTS radical and nitrite scavenging abilities. AE and LTPE showed relatively high antioxidant activities. Alpha-glucosidase, xanthine oxidase, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of LTPE at a concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$ (w/v) were somewhat higher than other extracts. Additionally, there was significantly higher or little lower inhibitory activity compared to the control group. In conclusion, we provided experimental evidence that extracts of JAL have potential as functional materials, and component analysis of JAL could be used as new cosmeceuticals. Also, LTPE is the superior method for the enhancement of biological activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.35 no.8
• /
• pp.1025-1030
• /
• 2006

In other to develop new functional doenjangs, two types of the isolated nuruk doenjangs were prepared with protease and amylase-producing Aspergillus oryzae D-2 and antihyperlipidemia Bacillus subtilis LK-12 and then changes of its quality and physiological functionalities were investigated during 2 months of fermentation and compared with those of the commercial nuruk doenjangs made by commercial Aspergillus oryzae and antihyperlipidemia Bacillus subtilis LK-12. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ activity of the isolated nuruk doenjangs during fermentation were decreased slightly, whereas proteases activities were increased significantly to $1.8{\sim}2.8$ Unit per mL after 1 month of fermentation. These ${\alpha}-amylase$ activities and proteases activities were similar with those of the commercial nuruk doenjangs. Amino-nitrogen content and reducing sugar content of the doenjangs after 2 months of fermentation were approximate $1.63{\sim}1.72\;mg%$ and $0.77{\sim}0.81%$, respectively. Antihypertensive angiotensin-Ⅰ converting enzyme inhibitory activities of the isolated nuruk doenjangs were slightly decreased from $85.6{\sim}87.2%$ to $84.0{\sim}85.1%$ after 2 months of fermentation and the commercial nuruk doenjangs were also significantly decreased from $85.7{\sim}88.0%$ to $69.1{\sim}79.7%$, lower than the isolated nuruk doenjangs. Fibrinolytic activity and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity of the isolated nuruk doenjangs were very low and it were also similar with those of the commercial nuruk doenjangs. Antioxidant activity of the isolated nuruk doenjangs were showed $17{\sim}22%$, lower than that of the commercial nuruk doenjangs $(22{\sim}26%)$.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.290-296
• /
• 2015

The antioxidant and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activities of 10 kinds of seaweeds Ecklonia cava (EC), Ecklonia stolonifera (ES), Eisenia bicyclis (EB), Capsosiphon fulvescens (CF), Sargassum fulvellum (SF), Undaria pinnatifida (UP), Sargassum thunbergii (ST), Codium fragile (CFr), Hizikia fusiformis (HF), and Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) were investigated. Among all the tested seaweed extracts, the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the EB extract were highest 150.81 mg/g and 77.02 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging abilities of the EB ethanol extract (1 mg/mL) were 86.26% and 99.71%, respectively, and its SOD-like activity and reducing power were 21.34% and 1.710 ($OD_{700}$). The ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activities of the EC, EB, and ST were above 98% at the 0.1 mg/mL concentration. These results suggest that seaweed extracts effectively prevent the what of antioxidants and decrease the blood glucose level, and may be used to develop various functional products.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.173-177
• /
• 2005

Physiological functionalities of water and ethanol extracts from Basil were determined. The concentration of total phenolic compounds of the water and ethanol extracts were $286.0\;{\mu}g/ml$, $250.0\;{\mu}g/ml$. Antioxidant activities of Basil extracts were determined using 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cations (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radicals (DPPH), antioxidant protection factor and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. The total antioxidant activities of Basil extracts using ABTS were 96.8% in the water extracts and 94.7% in the ethanol extract, DPPH were 87.0%, 93.9%, PF were 0.69, 1.16 and TBARS were $0.2{\times}10^{-3}\;{\mu}M,\;0.6{\times}10^{-3}\;{\mu}M$. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of Basil were higher in ethanol extracts (99.7%, 100.0%) than those of water extracts (39.9%, 54.7%). Phenolic profiles in Basil extracts were analyzed using HPLC. The result was that among the 6 phenolics, rosemarinic acid was the highest in ethanol extracts.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.243-249
• /
• 2010

We examined sensory characteristics to obtain the optimal conditions for doenjang preparation, using response surface methodology (RSM) to evaluate addition of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) powder to, and the salinity of, doenjang. We aimed to develop a new variety of doenjang linking traditional Korean doenjang preparation with the physiological functionalities of sage. Color values were 1.20-2.70, flavor values 1.60-3.20, taste values 1.40-3.50, texture scores 1.60-3.50, and overall preference values 1.60-3.05, with the differences depending on experimental variations in preparation. Analysis of a reaction surface formed by a quadratic regression equation found that the R-squared values for overall preference, texture, taste, flavor,and color were 0.11-0.41, thus relatively low and insignificant, being less than 5%. In sensory tests, the color value was 2.91 when the salinity was 21.50%, and sage powder was added to a concentration of 3.10% (all w/w). The flavor score was 3.21 when the salinity was 22.52% and sage powder concentration was 3.68%. The taste value was 2.87 when the salinity was 8.62% and sage powder concentration was 4.46%. The texture score was 2.88 when the salinity was 8.00% and sage powder concentration was 6.06%. The overall preference score was 2.74 when the salinity was 20.40% and sage powder concentration was 2.66%. Although this preparation method is new to Koreans, doenjang with added sage was associated with higher sensory scores than traditional doenjang, confirming the possibility of development of a novel functional doenjang.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.791-798
• /
• 2014

Cirsium setidens Nakai, a wild perennial, is widely consumed as a food and traditional medicine in Korea. In addition, diverse functionalities of C. setidens Nakai, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, have been reported. However, whether or not C. setidens Nakai and its major compound, pectolinarin have high nutritional value and functional properties remains unknown. This paper investigated the proximate compositions, mineral contents, hepatoprotective activities, hepatic fat accumulation inhibitory activities, and anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities of C. setidens Nakai and its component parts, including of pectolinarin. The result showed that C. setidens Nakai and its major compounds have potential as a functional food material with natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2016

Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle (Korean name, ‘Doraji’) is a perennial plant containing various triterpenoid saponins. The roots of this plant have traditionally been used as a food material in Korea. Here, we prepared a fermented P. grandiflorum extract (PG). Although it was previously reported that P. grandiflorum A. extract has a variety of physiological functionalities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, little is known about its vascular functions. In this study, we executed a series of experiments to identify the effect of PG on endothelial cells. PG at a high concentration (100 μg/ml) was found to induce cell detachment, whereas PG at a low concentration (0.1 μg/ml) appeared to promote cell proliferation and migration in bovine aortic endothelial cells. The cell detachment induced by the high concentration was not associated with cell death, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. In addition, we found that PG at the high concentration formed a small vesicular structure called an endothelial microparticle (EMP). The EMP was prepared by centrifugal fractionation and determined with flow cytometry and a microscope. Interestingly, PG-induced cell detachment was found to be mediated by EMP. We furthermore determined that PG at the low concentration activated Akt, a crucial cell-signaling molecule, and then controlled cell proliferation and migration. Overall, our findings suggest that PG at low doses maintains vascular stability by promoting endothelial cell proliferation, and enhances the efficacy of wound healing by cell proliferation and migration activity.