• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.395-401
• /
• 2011

BACKGROUND: Potassium (K) is one of the macronutrients which are essential for plant growth and development. Its deficiency in paddy soils is becoming one of the limiting factors for increasing rice yield in Asia. METHODS AND RESULTS: To investigate physiological symptoms under K-starvation (NP) compared with complete media (NPK) condition, we measured shoot/root length, weight, nutrients, and patterns of protein expression. The shoot growth was significantly reduced, but root growth was not affected by K-starvation. However, biomasses were decreased in both shoot and root. Uptake of K was reduced up to 85%, while total concentrations of P, Ca, Mg, Na were increased in root and shoot. To better understand the starved K mechanism of rice, comparative proteome analysis for proteins isolated from rice leaves was conducted using 2-DGE. Five spots of differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. Analysis of these K-starvation response proteins suggested that they were involved in metabolism and defense. CONCLUSION(s): Physiological and 2-DGE based proteomics approach used in our study results in observation of morphology or nutrients change and identification of K-starvation responsive proteins in rice root. These results have important roles in maintaining nutrient homeostasis and would also be useful for further characterization of protein function in plant K nutrition.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2019

Drought is one of the key limiting factors that adversely affects the growth and productivity of crop plants. For the enhancement of drought tolerance in crop plants, the identification of basic mechanisms of a plant to drought stress is necessary. In this study, we compared physiological and biochemical responses of five local Arundenilla hirta ecotypes to drought stress. These ecotypes were previously collected from various parts of Korean peninsula, including Youngduk, Gunsan, Jangsoo, Jinju-1 and Yecheon. A. hirta plants were exposed to drought stress for 14 and 17 days respectively, followed by re-watering for 3 days. The results showed that the lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, and proline level were significantly increased while the chlorophyll content was decreased by drought stress in A. hirta leaves. The highest proline content and DPPH scavenging activity were shown in Ecotype of Youngduk with least MDA and $H_2O_2$ levels while the highest MDA and $H_2O_2$ contents, and least proline and DPPH levels were shown in Gunsan, respectvely. These results indicate that the Youngduk is the most tolerant and Gunsan is the most sensitive ecotype among the five different collections. Together, these results provide a new insight of overall physiological responses of A. hirta to drought stress.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2018

Whole body fatigue detection is an important phenomenon and the factors contributing to whole body fatigue can be controlled if a mathematical model is available for its assessment. This research study aims at developing a model that categorizes whole body exertion into fatigued and non-fatigued states based on physiological and perceived variables. For this purpose, logistic regression was used to categorize the fatigued and non-fatigued subject as dichotomous variable. Normalized mean power frequency of eight muscles from 25 subjects was taken as physiological variable along with the heart rate while Borg scale ratings were taken as perceived variables. The logit function was used to develop the logistic regression model. The coefficients of all the variables were found and significance level was checked. The detection accuracy of the model for fatigued and non-fatigues subjects was 83% and 95% respectively. It was observed that the mean power frequency of anterior deltoid and the Borg scale ratings of upper and lower extremities were significant in predicting the whole body fatigued when evaluated dichotomously (p < 0.05). The findings can help in better understanding of the importance of combined physiological and perceived exertion in designing the rest breaks for workers involved in squat lifting tasks in industrial as well as health sectors.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2021

In order to ensure the fact that eight principle pattern differentiation is used clinically as a basic guideline for Korean medicine practice, the definition, role and method of yin-yang pattern differentiation with its case report were explored at first. Yinyang Pattern Differentiation is a method of discriminating human tendencies or morbidity based on the yin and yang characteristics expressed in living bodies. And yin and yang are the two contrasting characteristics and aspects of the interaction when certain physical conditions that have a lasting effect on the human physiological metabolic function are correlated with the morbidity. Specific methods of yinyang pattern differentiation can be divided into several types of yin and yang indicators. First, time and space factors like day and night, hot and cold seasons, above and below, topographical districts. Second, colors and pulse and their/or relative clearness and muddiness, hardness and softness, moving and resting. Third, diagnose yin and yang patterns through distinguishing the true and false of a fever and cold in an emergency phase such as increase of brain pressure and shock state. Fourth, general characteristics of the propensity and constitution of a subject such as body type, speech, behavior, and physiological metabolism. And for clinical use, these were summarized again as a symptom indicators of physical signs and color, pulse, tongue and questionnaire indicators of propensity, body type, and space-time characteristics. Conclusively, it was confirmed that yinyang pattern differentiation has its own diagnostic significance which is distinct from exterior-interior, cold-heat and deficiency-excess pattern differentiation.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한인간공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 1996

This study developed a comprehensive and easily applicable nuclear reactor control system evaluation method using reactor operators behavioral and mental workload database. A proposed control panel design cycle consists of the 5 steps: (1) finding out inconvenient, erroneous, and mentally stressful factors for the proposed design through evaluative experiments, (2) drafting improved design alternatives considering detective factors found out in the step (1), (3) comparative experiements for the design alternatives, (4) selecting a best design alternative, (5) returning to the step (1) and repeating the design cycle. Reactor operators behavioral and mental workload database collected from evaluative experiments in the step (1) and comparative experiments in the step (3) of the design cycle have a key roll in finding out defective factors and yielding the criteria for selection of the proposed reactor control systems. The behavioral database was designed to include the major informations about reactor operators' control behaviors: beginning time of operations, involved displays, classification of observational behaviors, dehaviors, decisions, involved control devices, classification of control behaviors, communications, emotional status, opinions for man-machine interface, and system event log. The database for mental workload scored from various physiological variables-EEG, EOG, ECG, and respir- ation pattern-was developed to indicate the most stressful situation during reactor control operations and to give hints for defective design factors. An experimental test for the evaluation method applied to the Compact Nuclear Simulator (CNS) installed in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) suggested that some defective design factors of analog indicators should be improved and that automatization of power control to a target level would give relaxation to the subject operators in stressful situation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.543-551
• /
• 2001

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), or VEGF-A, is intimately involved in both physiological and pathological forms of angiogenesis. VEGF-A is now recognized as the founding member of a family of growth factors that has expanded to include VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, and placental growth factor (PIGF). This family of cytokines binds differentially to at least three receptor tyrosine kinases, however, the extent to which family members other than VEGF-A contribute to physiological and pathological angiogenesis remains unclear. Issues that are of relevance include uncertainty regarding the consequences of signaling through VEGF - RI in particular, and the ability of some family members to heterodimerize, leading to the possibility ofheterodimeric receptor complexes. Structural characterization is one approach that can be used to address these issues, however, the vast majority of previous structure-function studies have only focused on VEGF-A. While these studies may provide some clues regarding the structural basis of the interaction of other family members with their receptors, studies using the ligands themselves are clearly required if highly specific interactions are to be revealed. With the recent progress toward refolding and purifying substantial' quantities of other VEGF family members, such structural studies are now possible. Here, these ~ssues are addressed with a particular emphasis on VEGF-B and its receptors.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한인간공학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 1998

Methods of evaluating the physiological activity of the living body are EEG, EOG, Heart rate, and Rectal temperature, etc. In the study of Hagiwara and Araki(1993), they found positive correlations among performance test, physiological measurement, and subjective feeling measurement. Human alertness of pilot directly influences on the flight performance that accomplishes a lot of vigilance task and procedure execution in flight. Accordingly, this paper deals with the quantitative and objective performance test based on tracking error and reaction time by means of the new computer test program into which the perception-motion system of human beings is applies. Throughout this experiment using performance thst, the results suggest that performance capability in state of sleep deprivation 2 hours and alcoholic 0.05 .apaprox. 0.06% in blood were more impaired than one in a normal state, and they further showed statistically significant differences between them, which were influenced by impairment factors of body regulation and pilot's grade. We also obtained the prediction value and the 95% confidence interval of tracking error and reaction time at the normal state for the purpose of distinguishing performance capability between the normal state and the abnormal state. And it is ecpected that the evaluation of human alertness using performance test will be applied to the quantitative assessment of an each pilot's realistic consciousness/attention, and will lead a flight commander to the accurate decision of mission approval prior to a flight.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2004

As the advent of an aging society, housing for the elderly has been of great concern. Because the majority of the elderly prefers living in their own familiar homes rather than moving to new ones, this study is concerned with the ways use and maintenance of the existing houses from the viewpoint of their independent living. The data was analyzed with frequency, percentage, mean, correlation, and multiple regression by using the SPSS 10.0 for Windows. The findings from the study were: Needs for Affordance of interior design(AID) were required slightly above the average. Among the items of AID, physiological maintenance was the most demanding, and social facilitation, behavioral facilitation, and perceptual maintenance were sequentially followed in the level of needs. The elements that should be considered in housing environment plans for the elderly household ire: (a) use of slip-proof tiles for the floor of the bathroom, (b) installation of safety bars in the bathroom, and (c) installation of emergency buttons. It also turned out that educational levels and health status were the most significant factors on the needs for AID.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.440-447
• /
• 2009

Domestic ruminant animals are reared in diverse production systems, ranging from extensive systems under semi-arid and tropical conditions with poor feed resources to intensive systems in temperate and cold areas with high quality feed. Nitrogen (N) recycling between the body and gut of ruminants plays a key role in the adaptation to such diverse nutritional conditions. Ammonia and microbial protein produced in the gut and urea synthesized in the liver are major players in N-recycling transactions. In this review, we focus on the physiological factors affecting urea production and recycling. Sheep and buffalo probably have higher abilities to reabsorb urea from the kidney compared with cattle. This affects the degree of urea-N recycling between the body and gut at both low and high N intakes. The synthesis and gut entry of urea also differs between cattle bred for either dairy or beef production. Lactating dairy cows show a higher gut entry of urea compared with growing cattle. The synthesis and recycling of urea dramatically increases after weaning, so that the functional development of the rumen exerts an essential role in N transactions. Furthermore, high ambient temperature increases urea production but reduces urea gut entry. An increase in total urea flux, caused by the return to the ornithine cycle from the gut entry, is considered to serve as a labile N pool in the whole body to permit metabolic plasticity under a variety of physiological, environmental and nutritional conditions.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.747-754
• /
• 2003

The actual clothing conditions were surveyed to diagnose clothing condition of Korean female in the view point of the adaptation to the thermal environment according to seasonal changes. Then, clothing microclimate, physiological responses, and subjective sensation were investigated through wearing trials on human body in climatic chamber based on the results from the survey. Factors to evaluate validity of clothing condition were clothing weight, clothing microclimate, physiological response of human body, and subjective sensation. The results were as follows: 1. Clothing weight per body surface area of the season was $856g/m^{2}$, $439g/m^{2}$ in summer, $630g/m^{2}$ in fall, and $1184g/m^{2}$ in winter. Cold - resistance of Korean female in office was superior to Japanese, inferior to residents of rural areas of Korea, and similar to male in office. However, in heat - resistance, female in office was inferior to residents of rural areas of Korea. 2. In spring, fall, winter, clothing microclimate temperature was a little higher than that in summer. Therefore, it was not a desirable wearing condition even though the clothing microclimate was comfortable zone. 3. Mean skin temperature of female in office was including within the range of Winslow's comfortable zone, but the range of comfortable zone in mean skin temperature of female was more narrow than Winslow's. Thus, it has problem for female to adaptation to thermal environment.