• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.51-61
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of job characteristics on smoking, and the mediating effects of job stress between job characteristics and smoking among elderly workers. Methods: This study employed data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing, and a total of 778 older workers were used for analysis. Current smoking status, job stress, job characteristics including physical job demands, job demands related to contents, working days, regularity of working hour, satisfaction with income, and sociodemographic factors were analyzed. Descriptive analysis, t-tests, chi-square test, multiple linear regression, and logistic regression were used for analysis. Results: Results showed that physical job demands and regularity of working hours were significant predictors of smoking of elderly workers. The higher level of physical job demands and regular working-hour increased the risk of smoking. Also, physical job demands, job demands related job contents, and income satisfaction directly impacted on job stress. However, job stress did not mediate the relationship between job characteristics and smoking. Conclusions: The findings suggest that smoking interventions for older workers should take into account job characteristics. Implications for practice and future study directions are discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2020

Purpose : Sexual harassment cases involving health and medical workers, including physical therapists, nurses and psychotherapists, are on the rise. Despite the increased incidence of sexual harassment, prior studies show that physical therapists, nursing assistants and caregivers are not doing well cope with sexual harassment. Therefore this study examines the factors associated with sexual harassment damage experience among physical therapists, as well as the relationship between sexual harassment damage experience and job-related aspects. It is intended to prepare basic data for programs and research that can mediate these issues. Methods : We conducted a self-reported questionnaire survey of 200 physical therapists working at medical institutions in the Seoul metropolitan area. The survey items included sexual harassment experience and job-related aspects such as satisfaction, stress, burnout, and engagement. A correlation analysis was conducted to clarify the relationship between sexual harassment experience and job-related factors, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to verify the correlations of sexual harassment experience on physical therapists' job. Results : There was a weak correlation between sexual harassment experience, job satisfaction, and job engagement, and a moderate correlation between sexual harassment experience, job stress, and job burnout. The impact of sexual harassment experience on job had a significant correlation on job satisfaction, job stress and burnout. Conclusions : Sexual harassment damage experience among physical therapists had a significant impact on many job aspects. Thus, there is a need for countermeasures and education to prevent sexual harassment, or at least effectively cope with the consequences. It is proposed to expand to other local or national units as follow-up studies, to study other factors affecting sexual harassment damage experience, and to develop and verify programs to cope with or prevent sexual harassment damage experience.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze factors that influence the job satisfaction of physical therapists working in hospitals. Methods: The study was done using a self-administered questionnaire associated with job satisfaction, which was completed by 352 physical therapists working in hospitals. Results: The average job satisfaction score was 3.16. Sub-items scores for job satisfaction were higher for overall satisfaction (3.21) and lower for job satisfaction of achievement (3.12) than the average score. Job satisfaction of subjects showed statistically significant differences with regard to differences in sex, marriage, type of hospital, year of total career, type of patients and motivation level (p<0.05). The average job stress score was 2.38. The sub-items of job stress consisted of problems pertaining to physical environment (2.28), job demand (2.54), job autonomy (2.31), social support (2.14), job instability (2.36), organized management system (2.44), inner motive (2.24), and job culture (2.26). Multiple regression analysis revealed that job satisfaction became significantly lower with increasing levels of job stress. Conclusion: These results suggest that the job stress of physical therapists is closely related to their job satisfaction. An effort to reduce job stress may be helpful in improving the health and quality of life of physical therapists who work in hospitals.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.195-211
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• 2004

Stress is a primary health promotion issue in worksite research because psychological distress is closely related not only to workers' health status but also to their job performance. This study identified the significant health behaviors affecting workers' job-related stress in Korean manufacturing industry with the national survey data conducted by the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency in 2003. A total of 7,818 factory workers in 1,562 manufacturing companies participated in the Korean nation-wide occupational health survey and 3,390 workers answered that they had any stressors in their workplace among the 7,818 workers finally participated in the analysis. Participants were selected by the stratified proportional sampling process by manufacturing industry classification, company size, and company locations (8 metropolitan and 8 non-metropolitan regions) in Korea. Trained interviewers visited the target companies and interviewed the factory workers randomly selected in each company. Smoking, drinking, weight control, exercise, sleeping, break time at work, and perceived fatigue were included in the health behavior construct. Stress symptoms was consisted of physical and psychological stress with 8 items. All survey responses were anonymously coded into the SPSS statistical program and testified using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Male workers were 73.5% and the 30s were 40.0% among the age groups. The married and the high school graduate were majority with 52.1% and 61.8% each. Current smokers were 44.7% and More than 50% of the participants drank alcohol sometimes. No exercise group was 59.3% and the participants who dissatisfied with their daily sleeping hours were 43.5%. In t-test and analysis of variance, the significant general characteristics associated with physical and psychological job stress were young age (p<0.001), single marital status (p<0.001), and short working period at the present company (p<0.001). The health behaviors related to physical job stress were current smoking, weight change during the past one year (p<0.001), weight control effort (p<0.001), exercise (p<0.001), daily sleeping dissatisfaction (p<0.001), break time, and perceived fatigue (p<0.001). All 10 health behavior factors were significantly associated with psychological job stress (p<0.05). Weight change, weight control effort, exercise, daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little break at work, and high perceived fatigue were significant factors affecting job stress. Daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little break at work, little exercise, weight change for the past one year and young age were selected as the significant health behavior and general factors affecting physical job stress symptoms in stepwise multiple regression analysis. The five factors explained 18.9% of the physical stress score variance. Six factors were selected as the significant health behaviors affecting psychological job stress: daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little exercise, frequent drinking alcohol, high perceived fatigue, little break at work, and little weight control effort. The six factors explained 10.6% of the psychological stress score variance.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.106-115
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• 2002

This study examined on the causes of chronic pain in the knee joint that was related to the aspects of teacher's job and daily lives. The subjects of investigation in this study include 237 of teachers who work at the elementary, middle and high schools. The chronic pain of knee joint of the subjects' is mainly related to their stress, and also to the vehicle that they normally use(p<0.05). This study aims at grasping the frequency of the pain which is caused by a knee joint's stress when teachers teach in a standing-up posture for many hours, looking at the aspects in the pain of knee joint that are related to job, being conducive to the development of the pain-cure, and, in addition, presenting an effective countermeasure to related agencies in order to prevent such diseases as arthritis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2012

Background: This study was conducted to investigate subjective musculoskeletal symptom and the related factor of caregiver. Methods: For 300 caregiver, we used the self-administered questionnaires to examine occupational stress and subjective musculoskeletal symptom designed by KOSHA. The collected data were analyzed chi-square test, independent t-test and multiple logistic regression analysis using SPSS 12.0. Results: The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the caregiver working in the general hospital significantly increased the subjective musculoskeletal symptom in their neck, shoulder, hand/wrist/finger, back, leg/foot. For the caregiver working in hospital showed significantly increased the subjective musculoskeletal symptom in their hand/wrist/finger and leg/foot. Conclusions: With the above results, continuous and systematic prevention program should be established, which include the ergonomics and psychosocial factor for the caregiver's musculoskeletal symptom.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.29-41
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• 2006

The purpose of this research is to study the causal model among mother related variables, child abuse, and children's emotional maladjustment behaviors. The sample subjects were 542 pairs of fifth and sixth grade elementary school students and first as well as eighth grade middle school students, and their mothers. The major findings of the research are as follows: First, the result of multiple regression analysis on the effects of the maternal parenting stress and marital satisfaction to the children's abuse indicates that stress related to learning expectation and stress related to relationship with child are the significant contributing factor to physical abuse and verbal abuse. Second, the result of multiple regression analysis on the effects of the maternal parenting stress and child abuse to the children's emotional maladjustment behaviors indicate that verbal abuse is the significant contributing factor. Third, looking at causal relations of the maternal variables (maternal parenting stress, marital satisfaction) and child abuse (physical abuse, verbal abuse, neglect) to the children's emotional maladjustment behaviors, maternal variables impact indirectly through the child abuse factor.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.400-409
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to define factors influencing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in women undergraduates. Independent variables of physical activity, attitude to eating, satisfaction with body shape, stress and self-esteem were used to predict HRQOL. Method: Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program for descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Participants were 245 women undergraduates who were recruited from July to September 2012. Result: The mean for the physical component summary (PCS) of HRQOL was 73.89, and for the mental component summary (MCS) was 68.45. There were significant correlations between attitude to eating, satisfaction with body shape, stress, self-esteem and the two components of HRQOL. The groups with minimal or health enhancing activity were significantly higher in PCS and MCS than the inactivity group. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that 35% of the variance in PCS was significantly accounted for by self-esteem, perceived stress, attitude to eating, and physical activity, and 45% of the variance in MCS was significantly accounted for by perceived stress, self-esteem, attitude to eating, and satisfaction with body shape. Conclusion: The results indicate that these factors influencing HRQOL should be considered when developing programs to improve HRQOL for women undergraduates.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.295-305
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• 2013

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify the relationships among symptom bother, physical and mental stress and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome. Methods: The participants were 106 women who were diagnosed with OAB (urgency, urge urinary incontinence, frequency, and/or nocturia) at P university hospital. Data were collected from Dec 23, 2011 to Aug 31, 2012. Results: The mean score for symptom bother was 43.1 points, for physical stress, 12.8 which was slightly higher than mental stress (11.8), and for HRQoL, 63.9. For symptom type, there were statistically significant differences in the symptom bother (F=8.67, p<.001) and HRQL (F=3.32, p=.023). The Symptom bother of OAB was positively correlated with physical stress (r=.23, p=.014) and mental stress (r=.33, p<.001) and negatively correlated with the subscales of HRQoL; coping (r=-.66, p<.001), concern (r=-.71, p<.001), sleep (r=-.59, p<.001), and social interaction (r=-.58, p<.001). Conclusion: From the results, bother symptom was associated with physical, mental stress and HRQoL. These results suggest that nursing intervention programs for OAB should be developed not only to relieve the symptoms but also to reduce stress and improve the quality of life.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.331-338
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• 2000

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the experience and point prevalence rate and factors related with Low Back Pain (LBP) in bin drivers. Methods: Questionnaires were completed by 200 drivers at 2 bus companies in Andong city in October.2000. The information was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and $99\%$ confidence intervals (CI) for factors relation to LBP. A cross-section study design was used. Results: The experience rate for LBP was $53.5\%$, point prevalence rate was $31.5\%$. Variables significantly associated with LBP experience were employ duration and stress related occupation. The higher subjects had experienced stress. the higher experience for LBP was (OR=2.9, $95\%$ Cl 1.2-7.2). The longer subjects had employ duration in bus company, the higher experience far LBP was (OR=1.3, $95\%$ Cl 1.2-7.2). Significant factors relation to a week point prevalence far LBP were obesity and employ duration. LBP increased as weight increased (OR=4.1, Cl 1.6-10.7). The longer subjects has employ duration at bus company, the higher LBP is (OR=1.4. $95\%$ Cl 1.6-2.9). Conclusions: Results from this study indicated that a statistically significant factor relation to LBP was stress related occupation. employ duration, and obesity.